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Unit 1 AP Vocab Flashcards

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6675423191absolute locationThe exact position of an object or place, measured within the spatial coordinates of a grid system.0
6675426298cartographyscience or art of making maps1
6675428898circular patternobjects that circle another object; also known as centralized pattern2
6675431352cultural landscapesThe products of complex interactions between humans and their environments.3
6675431353daylight savings timethe practice of temporarily advancing clocks during the summertime so that afternoons have more daylight and mornings have less4
6675432619distortiona change in the shape, size, or position of a place when it is shown on a map5
6675435534environmental geographyThe formal study of human-environment relations.6
6675435535equatorAn imaginary circle around the middle of the earth, halfway between the North Pole and the South Pole7
6675438182Eratosthenesone of the first cartographers. Performed a remarkably accurate computation of the earth's circumference. He is also credited with coining the term "geography."8
6675438183formal regionsAreas that have common cultural or physical features9
6675441334functional regions(nodal) can be defined around a certain point or node10
6675441335GIScomputer system that captures, stores, analyzes, and displays data11
6675443251globalizationActions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.12
6675444910Greenwich Mean TimeThe time in that time zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0° longitude. used to referance all time13
6675444911GPSA system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers.14
6675444912grid patternintersecting lines of longitude and latitude that determine absolute location on a map15
6675448213Hecataeusa greek scientist, who wrote a book about geography and illustrated a map of the countries and inhabitants of the known world.16
6675450414human geographya branch of geography that focuses on the study of patterns and processes that shape human interaction17
6675450415IdrisiAn 11th century Arab geographer that worked for the king of Sicily to collect geographical information into a remarkably accurate representation of the world. Under his direction, an academy of geographers gathered maps and went out on their own scientific expeditions.18
6675453928Kant, ImmanuelGerman philosopher and geographer who defined geography as the study of interrelated spatial patterns19
6675453929landscapesThe overall appearance of an area that is shaped by both human and natural influences20
6675455990latitudeAn imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the equator21
6675683786linear patternA pattern of land use which develops along a line, such as a highway or river.22
6675683787local timeThe standard time in the region that a person lives in23
6675683788locationThe position of anything on Earth's surface.24
6675686933longitudeThe numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (0°).25
6675691579Marsh, George PerkinsAmerican geographer who focused on the impact of human actions on the natural environment26
6675693746Mercator projectionA true conformal cylindrical map projection, the Mercator projection is particularly useful for navigation because it maintains accurate direction. Mercator projections are famous for their distortion in area that makes landmasses at the poles appear oversized.27
6675693747meridianA line of longitude that runs north-south. All lines of longitude are equal in length and intersect at the poles.28
6675696257multi-national corporationsan organization that owns or controls productions of goods or services in one or more countries other than the home country.29
6675696258parallelA circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians.30
6675698273patterngeometric arrangement of objects in space31
6675700157perceptual regions(vernacular) Conceptual regions such as the Midwest or the South that people recognize but cannot be clearly delineated on a map32
6675859043peripherythe outside edge of a region33
6675859044Peters projectionAn equal-area projection purposely centered on Africa in an attempt to treat all regions of Earth equally. Caused distortion of land shapes34
6675860822placeA specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular characteristic35
6675860823physical geographythe study of physical features of the earth's surface36
6675863440physical site charcteristicsclimate, topography, soil, water sources, vegetation, elevation37
6675863441prime meridianThe meridian, designated at 0° longitude, which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England.38
6675866268PtolemyGreek scholar who recalculated the circumference of earth to be 9,000 miles shorter which was incorrect39
6675868483random patterna pattern with no specific order or logic behind its arrangement40
6675868484regionalizationThe organization of earth's surface into distinct areas that are viewed as different from other areas41
6675871219Robinson projectionProjection that attempts to balance several possible projection errors. It does not maintain completely accurate area, shape, distance, or direction, but it minimizes errors in each. Poles are highly distorted but quickly reform42
6675873880Sauer, CarlGeographer that argued that cultural landscapes should be the focus of geographic study43
6675873881scaleGenerally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface.44
6675873882siteThe physical character of a place.45
6675875469situationrelative location of an object46
6675875470solar timetime based on the position of the sun in the sky as the day progresses47
6675875471spaceThe physical gap or interval between two objects.48
6675877938space time compressionthe reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems49
6675877939spatial organizationthe location of places, people, and events, and the connections among places and landscapes50
6675880076spatial perspectiveway that things are arranged and organized on the surface of the earth51
6675880077time zone24, 15 degree sections that each represent a different hour of the day52
6675880078topographyRefers to the shape and elevation of land in a region.53
6675882242toponymThe name given to a portion of Earth's surface.54
6675884782US Census Bureaua region of the government who counts the total population of an area55

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