SK Science Grade 8: Unit 1
Terms : Hide Images
| 511087140 | alveoli | tiny air-filled sacs in the lungs surrounded by blood vessels | |
| 511087141 | antibiotic | substance made from micro-organisms that can be used to kill other micro-organisms; e.g., penicillin | |
| 511087142 | antibodies | disease-fighting chemicals produced by the immune system in response to infection; when produced in response to vaccines, they provide life-long protection from the disease | |
| 511087143 | antigen | small piece of a disease-causing organism or other substance that triggers the production of antibodies by the immune system; may be used for vaccination | |
| 511087144 | arteries | tube-like blood vessels that take blood away from the heart, transporting it to other parts of the body | |
| 511087145 | asthma | condition caused by swelling of the muscle cells in the airway, which results in a narrowed airway; this makes it harder to breathe | |
| 511087146 | bone marrow | specialized tissue in the bones, which makes red blood cells | |
| 511087147 | capillaries | thin, hair-like vessels connecting arteries and veins; capillary tissue is only one cell thick | |
| 511087148 | cell membrane | structure of a plant or animal cell that surrounds the cell contents; it controls what substances pass into and out of the cell | |
| 511087149 | cells | basic unit of a living organism that can perform all the processes associated with life | |
| 511087150 | Cell Theory | theory stating that all living things are made up of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function of the organism, and that all cells come from other cells | |
| 511087151 | cell wall | a rigid frame-like covering that provides support and protection to plant cells | |
| 511087152 | chloroplasts | green structures in plant cells that capture the Sun's energy to produce food for the cells | |
| 511087153 | cholesterol | fatty substance; if there is too much in the body, it can form deposits in arteries | |
| 511087154 | compound light microscope | microscope that has two or more lenses and uses a lamp or mirror to provide light for viewing the object | |
| 511087155 | compound microscope | any microscope with two or more lenses | |
| 511087156 | connective tissue | tissue which supports other tissues and connects different parts of the body; includes blood, fat, bones, cartilage, and tendons | |
| 511087157 | cover slip | small piece of glass or plastic that covers a specimen on a slide | |
| 511087158 | cytoplasm | the liquid-like substance contained in the cell | |
| 511087159 | diaphragm | part that changes the size of a the aperture of camera's lens; it varies the amount of light that reaches the film or photosensitive elements | |
| 511087160 | diffusion | movement of particles from an area of high concentration to areas of lower concentration | |
| 511087161 | epithelial tissue | tissue that covers the surface of the body and the outside of organs; includes skin and the linings of passages inside the body | |
| 511087162 | eyepiece | lens or set of lenses in a microscope or telescope that is closest to the user's eye | |
| 511087163 | field of view | entire area of a specimen you can see through a microscope | |
| 511087164 | heart | fist-sized organ that acts as a hydraulic pump for the circulatory system; pumps blood throughout the body; has a squeezing (contracting) action ollowed by a relaxing action | |
| 511087165 | holistic | worldview suggesting that everything is interconnected | |
| 511087166 | hypothesis | possible answer to a question or possible explanation for a situation or phenomenon; usually implies a way to test it through an if...then"statement | |
| 511087167 | immunity | protection from disease provided by the presence of antibodies | |
| 511087168 | indigenous | an international inclusive term for all first peoples worldwide | |
| 511087169 | interdependent | depending on one another—here this refers to the concept that the body's organ systems depend on one another to function | |
| 511087170 | micrometre | measurement of distance equal to one-millionth of a metre or one-thousandth of a millimetre | |
| 511087171 | microscope | optical device that magnifies (enlarges) the image of small objects; has at least two lenses: the objective lens and the eyepiece lens | |
| 511087172 | mitochondria (singular mitochondrion) | small organelles that convert energy from food molecules into useful energy | |
| 511087173 | multicellular | having or being made up of two or more cells; most plants and animals are examples | |
| 511087174 | muscle tissue | tissue that allows the body to move; specialized for contraction | |
| 511087175 | nervous tissue | tissue that carries messages to and from the brain and other parts of the body; includes brain, spinal cord, and nerves | |
| 511087176 | nucleus | a large, spherical structure in the cell that directs all of the cell's activities | |
| 511087177 | objective lens | lens in an optical device, such as a microscope or telescope, that gathers light from an object to form an image | |
| 511087178 | organ | group of different types of tissues that work together to perform a function | |
| 511087179 | organelles | in cells that have a nucleus, small structures that work within a cell performing specific functions for the cell | |
| 511087180 | organ system | group of organs that work together to perform a function | |
| 511087181 | osmosis | movement of water particles through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration | |
| 511087182 | paramecium (plural paramecia) | type of one-celled animal; easy to see with a compound microscope; plural is paramecia | |
| 511087183 | pasteurization | process of heating a food to kill harmful micro-organisms; named after its inventor, Louis Pasteur | |
| 511087184 | penicillin | germ-killing substance developed from the mould Penicillium notatum; the world's first known antibiotic | |
| 511087185 | red blood cells | cells that can carry oxygen to all the cells of the body | |
| 511087186 | reductionist | breaking complex problems down into smaller parts to make it easier to study them | |
| 511087187 | regenerative medicine | use of stem cells to help the body repair injuries it is normally unable to heal | |
| 511087188 | selectively permeable | allowing certain substances, but not others, to pass through; cell membranes are examples | |
| 511087189 | specialized cells | cells in different parts of the body having special features that enable them to perform specific functions | |
| 511087190 | stem cells | cells that can create the specialized cells that make up tissues and organs | |
| 511087191 | stimulus (plural stimuli) | a change in the environment that triggers a reaction or response | |
| 511087192 | tissue | group of the same type of cells that work together to perform a specific function | |
| 511087193 | traditional medicine | medical knowledge gained over time and passed down from generation to generation, particularly by Indigenous cultures | |
| 511087194 | transplantation surgery | surgery that involves implanting a healthy organ into a patient whose organ is failing | |
| 511087195 | unicellular | having or being made up of only a single cell; most microscopic organisms are examples | |
| 511087196 | vaccine | a preparation or an agent that is taken by or injected into an animal or person to produce an immunity to a disease; usually prepared from a mild form of the disease | |
| 511087197 | vacuoles | clear, liquid-filled spaces in the cell that store food, water, and other necessary materials | |
| 511087198 | veins | in animals: tube-like blood vessels that transport blood from the organs back to the heart | |
| 511087199 | wet mount | microscope slide that is made by placing a specimen in a drop of water and covering it with a small piece of glass or plastic |
