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Unit 2: Chapter 5-6 AP World History Vocab. Flashcards

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7291440158BuddhismA religion, originated in India by Buddha (Gautama) and later spreading to China, Burma, Japan, Tibet, and parts of southeast Asia, holding that life is full of suffering caused by desire and that the way to end this suffering is through enlightenment that enables one to halt the endless sequence of births and deaths0
7291441558VedasThe most ancient Hindu scriptures, written in early Sanskrit and containing hymns, philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of Vedic religion. Believed to have been directly revealed to seers among the early Aryans in India, and preserved by oral tradition, the four chief collections are the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda1
7291441559UpanishadsEach of a series of Hindu sacred treatises written in Sanskrit c. 800-200 BC, expounding the Vedas in predominantly mystical and monistic terms2
7291442990Mauryan DynastyIndian empire founded by Chandragupta, beginning with his kingdom in northeastern India and spreading to most of northern and central India. unified the Indian subcontinent3
7291442991Ashoka MuaryaLed to the expansion of Mauryan Dynasty with a large army, converted to buddhism and ended his violent ways. Develoed efficient tax system, built road, encouraged peace4
7291445968ConfucianismA system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.5
7291445969DaoismA Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu ( fl. 6th century BC), advocating humility and religious piety.6
7291448094Han Dynastythe second imperial dynasty of China. Founded in 206 BC when the rebel leader Liu Bang successfully ended the Qin Dynasty, lasted for four centuries and is considered a golden age in Chinese history.7
7291449091Civil Service Examinationimplemented in various countries for recruitment and admission to the civil service. They are intended as a method to achieve an effective, rational public administration on a merit system.8
7291449092Gupta Dynastyan ancient Indian empire founded by Sri. The empire existed at its zenith from approximately 320 to 550 CE and covered much of the Indian subcontinent.9
7291450982Xiongnua confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD.10
7291450983White Hunsa race of largely nomadic peoples who were a part of the Hunnic tribes of Central Asia. They conquered the northern part of India.11
7291452217Silk Roadsan ancient network of trade routes that were for centuries central to cultural interaction originally through regions of Eurasia connecting the East and West and stretching from the Korean peninsula and Japan to the Mediterranean Sea12
7291453520Shi Huang Dithe founder of the Qin dynasty (秦朝) and was the first emperor of a unified China. He was born Ying Zheng (嬴政) or Zhao Zheng (趙政), a prince of the state of Qin13
7291454632EnlightenmentThe action of enlightening or the state of being enlightened.14
7291454633Cast SystemDivided Hindu people into 4 major classes based on good deeds and previous life.15
7291457485Indian Ocean Sea LanesTrade routes that connected the Mediterranean civilizations together.16
7291457486KarmaBringing inevidible results upon ones self good or bad in this life or in reincarnation. One of the means in reaching Brahman in Hinduism.17
72914574874 Noble TruthsThe doctrines of Buddha: all life is suffering, the cause of suffering is ignorant desire, this desire can be destroyed, the means to this is the Eight fold Path.18
7291459290Siddharthathe leader and founder of a sect of wanderer ascetics (Sramanas), one of many sects which existed at that time all over India. is a Sanskrit personal name which means "He Who Achieves His Goal".19
7291460426Mahavir Jainwas the twenty-fourth Tirthankara (ford maker) of Jainism. In the Jain tradition, it is believed that he was born in early part of the 6th-century BC into a royal family in what is now Bihar, India.20
7291462480Dao De Jing"The Classic on the Way and its Power or Virtue" is a famous Chinese philosophical text attributed to the authorship of Laozi (Lao Tzu) (sixth century B.C.E.), and highly influential in the religion of Daoism (Taoism).21
7291463861ReincarnationA person or animal in whom a particular soul is believed to have been reborn22
7291465738BrahmaThe impersonal supreme being, the primal source and ultimate goal of all beings, with which Atman, when enlightened, knows itself to be identical.23
7291467900MayanFounded around 1500 BCE, reached its height between 250 and 900 CE. Had 40 cities, each ranged form 500 to 50000 people. Practiced slash and burn agriculture, terraced hills, drained swamps, and raised deer. Chief crops included corn, beans, and squash. Women did rule, and wars did happen.24
7291467901Olmecalong the southern Gulf coast of Mexico, characterized by extensive agriculture, a dating system, long-distance trade networks, pyramids and ceremonial centers, and very fine jade work.25
7291471462PatiliputraCapital city in the Mauryan Empire during Ashoka's rule26
7291743755Corvee LaborUnpaid labor for one day, as on the repair of roads27
7291746838Teotihuacanthe ruins of an ancient Mesoamerican city in central Mexico, near Mexico City, that flourished a.d. c200-c750 and is the site of the pyramids of the Sun and Moon and of many temples, palaces, and dwellings.28
7291750686Mochearose around 200 BCE and lasted till 700 BCE. Built temples such as Huaca del Sol and Huaca de la Luna. Grew crops such as corn and kept llams for transport and textiles.29

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