AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Unit 2: The Road to Independence Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
1657397432French Protestants 10,000 killed on St. Bartholomew's Day Denied religious refugee in New FranceHuguenots0
1657397433French founder of Detroit Stopped English Settlement of the Ohio ValleyAntoine Cadillac1
1657397434Enemy surrounds the town or building to cut off essential supplies hoping to lead to surrender of the opponentsiege2
16573974351754 French and Indian War Fought in America, Europe, West Indies, Philippines, Africa, and the ocean (seven seas war) Fought for control of the Ohio River ValleySeven Years War3
1657397436Summoned in 1754 Ben Franklin was the leading spirit and he created the "Join or Die" political cartoon first step to colonial unity They wanted colonial home ruleAlbany Congress4
16573974371763 Natives wanted to drive England out of Ohio Country England gave them blankets infected with smallpox to kill themPontiac's Rebellion5
16573974381763 Prohibited settlement beyond the Appalachians to prevent problems with the natives, not to oppress the colonistsProclamation of 17636
1657397439trained soldiersregulars7
1657397440Ambush, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit and run, mobility Untrained armies or groups of people used it to fight larger armiesGuerrilla Warfare8
1657397441ruler with absolute powerAutocratic9
1657397442British fleet luck wasted time fighting in EnglandHow were the British and their American colonial subjects able to win the contest with the French for control of North America?10
1657397443French allied with Indians Americans weren't closely allied with any Indians Americans were not as unifiedHow did French relations with the Native Americans compare with those of Britian and its American colonists in the French and Indians War?11
1657397444New Spirit of Independence debt in Britain led to the taxes, angering coloniesHow did the development and final outcome of the imperial struggle affect relations between the colonists and Britain and alter relations among the colonists themselves?12
16573974457 years war led to pride and independence in the colonies as well as gained us more landHow did events in France, England, and elsewhere in Europe affect the history of North America in this period?13
1657397446late start on colonization not many french people wanted to leave france, and those who did were forbidden (hugenots) not as great of resources in the area they settledCompare France's colonizing efforts in the New World with Spain's and England's colonies. What factors might explain France's relatively weak impact on the New World compared with that of England's and Spain's?14
1674006503Wealth is power more exports than imports colonists existed to further the mother countyMercantilism15
1674006504Only allowed trade between the colonists and England Loosely enforced at first, than increasingly stricterNavigation Laws16
1674006505Smuggler very important to revolution by storing gunpowder and weaponsJohn Hancock17
1674006506taxes on imports so they will buy their own goods angered some if the imported goods were better/cheaper than their own goodsprotective tariffs18
16740065071765 food and housing for British troopsQuartering Act19
16740065081765 Stamping paper & affixing of stamps = proof of tax paymentsStamp Act20
1674006509Generic search warrant they were searching for illegal goods, smuggled goods never expired reason for fourth amendment today (no unnecessary search/seizure)Writ of Assistance21
1674006510Parliament represented all British subjects (including the British colonies) even those who never votedVirtual Representation22
1674006511enforced non-importation agreements (refusal to buy British goods) tar and feather violators ransack houses, steal money, and make effigies unpopular officialsSons of Liberty23
16740065121766 Englan had the right to tax the colonies put in to place after the repeal of the stamp actDeclaratory Act24
1674006513King of England Statue built in honor of him in New York was melted down to make bullets for the war Power hungry; bad king = corruption in the government passed Declaratory Act, repealed Stamp ActKing George III25
16740065141770 60 colonists provoked English soldiers who then fired upon them wounding and killing 11 only two soldiers were found guilty of manslaughter, others released with brands on their handsBoston Massacre26
1674006515master propagandist engineer of revolution from Boston believed in colonial rights created Committees of Correspondence "trained mobs" in each colonySamuel Adams27
1674006516organized by Sam Adams spread the spirit of resistance exchange of ideas through the colonies united actionCommittees of Correspondence28
1674006517"To tax and to please, no more than to love and be wise, is not given to men."Edmund Burke29
16740065181774 punished Massachusetts by closing Boston harbor restricted other colonies rightsIntolerable Acts30
16740065191774 met in Philidelphia 12 out of 13 colonies (excluding Georgia) met to readdress colonial grievances and create a declaration of rights The Association - document telling colonists to boycott British goodsFirst Continental Congress31
1674006520Patriot of the revolution large part of the first continental congressJohn Adams32
1674006521German organizational genius trained American colonists to be soldiersBaron Von Steuban33
1674006522a person of black and white ancestryMulatto34
1674006523fall in value of purchasing values of money by printing more money than they actually haveInflation35
1674006524mention of many things at one timeenumerated36
1674006525type pf government member of the republican partyrepublican37
1674006526supreme ruler - monarchsovereign38
1674006527war and violence are unjustifiablepacifist39
1674006528Advantages: Most powerful military, better trained troops, developed government, wealthy, some colonists were still loyal to Britain (15-20%), paid the British military Disadvantages: Far away, in debt, America had a just cause, geographical vastness of America, British had to hire German soldiersList advantages and disadvantages of the British.40
1674006529Advantages: Outstanding leadership, fighting defensively, self sustaining, moral advantage, alliance with the french, parliament had American sympathizers Disadvantages: minimal military training, poor clothing/unmatched, lacked in unity, British were the most powerful army, difficulty raising enough funds, 1/5 of Americans were loyal to the crown, half didn't want conflict at all, Indian tribes sided with BritianList advantages and disadvantages of the colonists.41
1674006530no, because the colonists and England had a strong commercial, military and cultural bond it was surprising it happened, Americans were reluctant revolutionaries.Was the American Revolution inevitable?42
1674006531Britain could have ruled as slack as before, could have accepted American offers for peace, better leaders in England, america could have accepted the taxes and been reasonable about the fact that they caused the warTo what extent could either side have contributed to a peaceful resolution to their differences?43
1674006532legal - petitioning Britain and asking for decrease in taxation, increase in representation, etc. extra legal- tea party, tar and feathering, provoking British officers, anything that was over the top and extremeAnalyze the ways in which colonists used both legal and extralegal means of protesting.44
1674110390We hold these truths to be self evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute new governmentWrite the Declaration of Independence.45
16920560861775 Colonists had the British surrounded at Boston and the colonists greatly outnumbered the BritishLexington and Concord46
16920560871775 met in Philadelphia all 13 colonies were present no desire yet for independence, just wanted to continue the war in hopes the British would readdress the grievances. came up with ways to raise money for a navy and the army selected Washington to lead the armySecond Continental Congress47
1692056088Virginia Planter had a quality of leadership and immense strength in character moral force people trusted him never commanded a large army beforeGeorge Washington48
16920560891775 Profess loyalty to the king and beg for an end to the hostilitiesOlive Branch Petition49
16920560901776 stop inconsistent warfare, stop pretending to be loyal, just fight the war Britain was to small to control the larger colonies in America Republic government-representatives should get power from the peopleCommon Sense/Thomas Paine50
1692056091Virgina lawyer chosen to draft the declaration of independence he was a great writerThomas Jefferson51
16920560921776 written by thomas jefferson natural rights of men, list of grievances to Britain set the precedent for other declarations of independence in future historyDeclaration of Independence52
1692056093Loyal to Britain went to war against the americans British army really only controlled Loyalist areas during the war generally anglican conservatives located in the southern statesLoyalists/Tory53
16920560941776 Washington crossed the delaware river capturing unprepared Hessians and British troopsTrenton54
1692056095British general wanted to control the hudson river to separate New England from the other colonies Burgoyne's troops would float down lake champlain and the hudson river to meet general howe at albany Howe attacked Philidelphia hoping to create an opening for Burgoyne's troops but did not succeed after a rough winter at Burgoynes troops battled at saratoga but were forced to surrender by the AmericansJohn Burgoyne55
16920560961777 Americans force General Burgoyne to surrender most important battle because it gave the french hope in the Americans and they decided to join us in the war against the British, we might not have won without the FrenchSaratoga56
1692056097country best served by keeping the affairs of another at a distanceIsolationist57
16920560981781 General Cornwallis was waiting for supplies but was trapped by the colonists and the french and was forced to surrender final major battle of the war although fighting continued for a year afterYorktown58
1692056099Ben Franklin, John Jay and John Adams would meet in Paris to negotiate the peace treaty scared to be back stabbed by France, America made a quick deal with London which gave americans their much wanted independence and their vast majority of landTreaty of Paris of 178359
1692056100professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign armyMercenary60
1692056101messenger/representativeEnvoy61
1692056102collection of weapons/military equipmentArsenal62
1692056103...Graft63
1692056104...knavery64
1692056105The British lost much more than just their colonies, they lost the countless resources and trade with the colonists, they lost some money from what they funneled into the colonies and the war the colonists didn't really gain anything besides independence and some more land, the government was slightly different but they basically lived life the way they were before the start of the revolutionary war, which is what they wanted in the first placeIt is often argued that the British "lost the Revolutionary War more than the Americans "won" it". Explain.65
1692056106...Why was Paine's writing so radical and why was this radical message so warmly received by many colonies?66
1692056107The surrender of General Burgoyne created hope in the Frenches eyes that the Americans could win and decided to assist us through the rest of the warWhat was the significance of the Battle at Saratoga?67
1692056108...Who were the greatest generals of the war and why?68
1692056109The French aided the colonists by sending troops, and their navy the french also loaned us a large sum of money, and they gave us weapons and ammo the french sent us their generals and turned our army into a better army the french were mainly motivated by revenge and they were scared Britian may try to take the west indies from themIn what ways did the French aid the colonists and what motivated their actions?69
1692056110...What was radical and new in the Declaration of Independence, and what was old and traditional? What did statements like "all men are created equal" mean in their historical context and what did they come to mean later?70

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!