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Unit 2 Vocab #2 Flashcards

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131243267MamluksTurkic military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth and tenth centuries; they founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to early sixteenth centuries0
131243268MedievalPertaining to the middle ages of European history1
131243269MexicaThe name given to themselves by the Aztec people2
131243270Middle AgesThe period of European history traditionally given as 500-15003
131243271MinaretA tower attached to a mosque from which Muslims are called to worship4
131243272MississippiansWere a Chalcolithic (copper age) mound-building Native American culture that flourished in the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 to 1500 A.D., varying regionally.5
131243273MitaA labor system used by Andean societies in which community members shared work owed to rulers and the religious community6
131243274Moldboard PlowA form of plow consisting of a plowshare (blade) and hitch attached to livestock. It turns the soil in one run across the field, depositing the weeds and remains of the previous crop under the soil and raising the rain-percolated nutrients back to the surface. This plow also allowed for plowing while the ground was wet.7
131243275Mound-buildersIn North American archaeology, name given to those people who built mounds in a large area from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Mississippi River to the Appalachian Mts. The greatest concentrations of mounds are found in the Mississippi and Ohio valleys.8
131243276Neo-ConfucianismA philosophy that blended Confucianism with Buddhism and Daoism9
131243277Parallel DescentIn Incan society, descent through both the mother and father10
131243278ParliamentA representative assembly11
131243279People of the BookA term applied by Islamic governments to Muslims, Christians, and Jews in reference to the fact that all three religions had a holy book12
131243280QuechuaAndean society also known as the Inca13
131243281QuipusA system of knotted cords of different sizes and colors used by the Incas for keeping records14
131243282QuranThe holy book of Islam15
131243283RamadanThe holy month of Islam which commemorates the appearance of the angel Gabriel to Muhammad; fasting is required during this month16
131243284Scholar-gentryThe Chinese class of well educated men from whom many of the bureaucrats were chosen17
131243285SeppukuThe Japanese formal language term for ritual suicide. Hara-kiri is the common language term. Hara-kiri, which literally means "stomach cutting", is a particularly painful method of self-destruction. Only the samurai class was allowed to commit seppuku.18
131243286SerfA peasant who is bound to the land he or she works19
131243287ShariahThe body of law that governs Muslim society20
131243288ShintoThe traditional Japanese religion based on veneration of ancestors and spirits of nature21
131243289Shi'iteThe branch of Islam that holds that the leader of Islam must be a descendant of Muhammad's family.22
131243290ShogunJapanese military leaders under the bakufu23
131243291ShogunateThe rule of the shoguns in Japan24
131243292SufisMuslims who attempt to reach Allah through mysticism25
131243293SultanAn Islamic ruler26
131243294SunniThe branch of Islam that believes that the Muslim community should select its leaders; the Sunnis are the largest branch of Islam27
131243295Tea CeremonyAn ancient Shinto ritual still performed in the traditional Japanese capital of Kyoto28
131243296TributeThe payment of a tax in the form of goods and labor by subject peoples29
131243297ToltecsAncient civilization of Mexico. The name in Nahuatl means "master builders." The Toltec formed a warrior aristocracy that gained ascendancy in the Valley of Mexico c. AD 900 after the fall of Teotihuacán.30
131243298UmmaThe community of all Muslims believers31
131243299VassalIn medieval Europe, a person who pledged military or other service to a lord in exchange for a gift of land or other privilege32
131243300ZakatReligious tax, one of the five basic requirements (arkan or "pillars") of Islam. All adult Muslims of sound mind and body with a set level of income and assets are expected to pay zakat.33

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