Terms : Hide Images
| 241221130 | Byzantine Empire | a continuation of the Roman Empire in the Middle East after its division in 395 | 0 | |
| 241221131 | Caesaropapism | the doctrine that the state is supreme over the church in ecclesiastical matters | 1 | |
| 241221132 | Justinian's Code | an organized collection and explanation of Roman laws for use by the Byzantine Empire | 2 | |
| 241221133 | Constantinople | Previously known as Byzantium, Constantine changed the name of the city and moved the capitol of the Roman Empire here from Rome. | 3 | |
| 241221134 | Hippodrome | a huge building in Constantinople and the site of the chariot races | 4 | |
| 241221135 | Iconoclasm | a challenge to or overturning of traditional beliefs, customs, and values, any movement against the religious use of images | 5 | |
| 241221136 | Monasticism | a way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith | 6 | |
| 241221137 | Schism | a formal split within a religious organization; any division or separation of a group or organization into hostile factions | 7 | |
| 241221140 | Muhammad | the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) | 8 | |
| 241221141 | Quran | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina | 9 | |
| 241221142 | Hijra | The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam | 10 | |
| 241221143 | Caliph | The civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth | 11 | |
| 241221144 | Sharia | the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed | 12 | |
| 241221145 | Umayyad Dynasty | (661-750 AD) during this dynasty they tried to take over Constantinople; they lost the Battle of Tours in 732 | 13 | |
| 241221146 | Abbasid Dynasty | Muslim dynasty after Ummayd, a dynasty that lasted about two centuries that had about 150 years of Persia conquer and was created by Mohammad's youngest uncle's sons | 14 | |
| 241221147 | Sufis | ..., a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life | 15 | |
| 241221148 | The Thousand and One Nights | ..., A group of tales narrated by a fictional princess, many are set in baghdad, include romances, fables, adventures, best known for Aladdin and the magic lamp | 16 | |
| 241221150 | The Grand Canal | ..., The oldest and longest man-made canal. Built during the Sui Dynasty and still around today. | 17 | |
| 241221151 | Sui Dynasty | ..., The short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China | 18 | |
| 241221152 | Tang Dynasty | ..., dynasty often referred to as China's Golden age that reigned during 618 - 907 AD; China expands from Vietnam to Manchuria | 19 | |
| 241221153 | Song Dynasty | ..., (960 - 1279 AD); this dynasty was started by Tai Zu; by 1000, a million people were living there; started feet binding; had a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); first to have paper money, explosive gun powder; *landscape black and white paintings | 20 | |
| 241221154 | Equal Field System | ..., This Chinese system allotted land to individuals and their families according to the land's fertility and the recipients' needs. | 21 | |
| 241221156 | Foot Binding | ..., practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household | 22 | |
| 241221159 | Tale of Genji | ..., Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society. | 23 | |
| 241221160 | Samurai | ..., feudal Japanese military aristocracy | 24 | |
| 241221161 | Neo-Confusianism | ..., influenced buddhism in china was official recoginzed creed in song dynasty. 19th century | 25 | |
| 241221164 | Bushido | traditional code of the Japanese samurai which stressed courage and loyalty and self-discipline and simple living | 26 | |
| 241221165 | Japanese Feudalism | Four class system laid down with marriage restrictions and to members of the same class. 1-emporer and shogun. 2- dayimo. 3- samurai 4- artisans, commoners, merchants | 27 | |
| 241221166 | Harsha Kingdom | was strongly influenced by Buddhism. restored unified rule in most of northern India through military force. supported scholarship through patronage. collapsed upon Harsha's death. | 28 | |
| 241221167 | Mahmud of Ghanzi | leader of the Turks in Afghanistan; destruction of Hindu and Buddhist places and hastened decline of Buddhism' tried to encourage Indians to turn to Islam but failed | 29 | |
| 241221168 | The Sultanate of Delhi | Mahmud's successors conquered & converted most of northern India and established an Islamic state, The Sultanate of Delhi. | 30 | |
| 241221170 | Dhows and Junks | Mariners that recognized the monsoon patterns, and could carry much larger loads; usually conducted trade in stages | 31 | |
| 241221171 | Emporia | India being in the middle of the Indian Ocean it was a natural site for this and warehouses, traders exchanged their cargoes at Cambay, Calicut or Quilon for goods to take back west with the winter monsoon | 32 | |
| 241221172 | Urbanization | the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban | 33 | |
| 241221173 | Devotional Cults | Hindus embraced this because they promised salvation, popular in southern India where individuals or family groups went to great lengths to honor their selected deities, originated when individuals identified Vishnu or Shiva with a local spirit or deity, offering them food and drink and meditating on the deities and their qualities, Hindus hoped to achieve a mystic union with the gods that would bring grace and salvation | 34 | |
| 241221179 | The Bhakti Movement | ..., A cult of love and devotion that sought to erase the distinction between Hinduism and Islam | 35 | |
| 241221181 | Guru Kabir | (1440-1518) a blind weaver, who was one of the most famous bhakti teachers, went so far to teach that Shiva, Vishnu, and Allah were all manifestations of single, universal deity. | 36 | |
| 241221189 | Germanic Kingdoms | What: Tribes that conquer Roman Empire Where: Roman Empire When: late 400's on Significance: contribute to fall of roman empire, pagan or Arian Christians, these tribes rule Europe during the middle ages; feudal based system | 37 | |
| 241221191 | Clovis | king of the Franks who unified Gaul and established his capital at Paris and founded the Frankish monarchy | 38 | |
| 241221193 | Charlemagne | ..., King of the Franks (r. 768-814); emperor (r. 800-814). Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Illiterate, though started an intellectual revival. (250) | 39 | |
| 241221195 | The Vikings | -Were brutal, vicious -Came from sea -They attacked monasteries because that were treasures were held -Initially they were going after areas on the coast but soon started to move inland | 40 | |
| 241221197 | Lords and Vassals | They are prospering in this time, they have slaves who work for them and hope to get thrown a bone every once in a while, the lords and vassals also have enough to put on their table. | 41 | |
| 241221199 | Feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service | 42 | |
| 241221201 | Serfs | men of women who were the poorest members of society, peasants who worked the lord's land in exchange for protection | 43 | |
| 241221202 | Pope Gregory 1 | provided Roman church with a sense of direction. 590 to 604 reigned. Also known as Gregory the Great. Immobilized local resources and organized Rome's defense. Reasserted Papal Primacy, and emphasized penance and atonement of sins. | 44 | |
| 241221203 | St. Benedict | he founded a monastery in nothern ital in the 6th century and wrote a set of instructions gonverning the lives of monks that was used by monasteries and vonbents across europe. | 45 | |
| 241221204 | Monasticism | a way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith | 46 | |
| 241221208 | The Normans | A group of Vikings in the early 900's who settled in northern France. They became Christians & church leaders. | 47 | |
| 241221209 | The Hanseatic League | was an economic alliance of trading cities and their guilds that dominated trade along the coast of Northern Europe in the later Middle Ages. It stretched from the Baltic to the North Sea and inland during the Late Middle Ages and early modern period (c.13th-17th centuries). The Hanseatic cities had their own legal system and furnished their own protection and mutual aid, and thus established a sort of political autonomy and in some cases created political entities of their own. | 48 | |
| 241221210 | Chivalry | a code that knights adopted in the late Middle Ages; requiring them to be brave, loyal and true to their word; they had to fight fairly in battle | 49 | |
| 241221211 | Eleanor of Aquitaine | powerful French duchess; divorced the king of France to marry Henry II of England and ruled all of England and about half of France with him. | 50 | |
| 241221213 | Scholasticism | A philosophical and theological system, associated with Thomas Aquinas, devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology in the thirteenth century. (p. 408) | 51 | |
| 241221214 | St. Thomas Aquinas | doctrines of Christianity; best know for Summa Theologica | 52 | |
| 241221215 | Pilgramage | A journey to a place considered sacred for religion purposes. | 53 | |
| 241221217 | The Reconquista | the seven-and-a-half century long process by which Christians reconquered the Iberian peninsula (modern Portugal and Spain) from the Muslim and Moorish states of Al-Ándalus | 54 | |
| 241221218 | Pope Urban 2 | In The First Crusade he can be seen as one attempt to realize this vision, He was the successor to a legacy of extensive ecclesiastical reform, a legacy unpopular with many powerful people, he tried to reclaim Jerusalem from the Muslims | 55 | |
| 241221219 | The Crusades | A "holy war" that was issued by Pope Urban II so that they would be able to gain control of the Holy Land | 56 | |
| 241221220 | Saljuq Turks | lead Turkish people into Anatolia in large numbers; liberators rather than conquerors | 57 | |
| 241221222 | The Mongols | pastoral people, clans and tribal, nomads, and war like | 58 | |
| 241221223 | Genghis Khan | A Mongolian general and emperor of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, known for his military leadership and great cruelty. He conquered vast portions of northern China and southwestern Asia. | 59 | |
| 241221224 | Kublai Khan | first great Mongol emperor of China, conquered Korea, part of Southeast Asia and attempted Japan twice, mixed Mongol and Chinses government and traditions | 60 | |
| 241221225 | The Golden Horde | A Mongol group who ruled over Russia (merely collected taxes, didn't actually live there) | 61 | |
| 241221226 | Bubonic Plague | ..., A bacterial disease of fleas that can be transmitted by flea bites to rodents and humans; humans in late stages of the illness can spread the bacteria by coughing. High mortality rate and hard to contain. Disastrous. (280) | 62 | |
| 241221227 | Khanates | four divisions of the Mongol world - Chaghadai, Persia, Kipchak (Golden Horde), and Yuan dynasty in China | 63 | |
| 241221228 | Tamerlane the Lame | ..., Filled the political vacuum left by the Mongols in Persia. Walked with a limp. Born 1336 near Samarkand. Idolized Ghengis Khan. Came from a noble family and worked his way to power. A charismatic and courageous ruler that attracted a loyal group of followers. Eliminated rivals through alliance or conquering in the 1360's, and took authority over the Khanate of Chaghatai in 1370, building a magnificent imperial capital in Samarkand. Spent rest of life as a conqueror, starting with Afghanistan/Persia, then the Golden Horde in the Caucasus region and Russia (weakened in the 1390's but not destroyed) During the last years of century, he sacked Delhi. Campaigned along the Ganges even though he never tried to conquer India. Died in 1405 while marching east to China. | 64 | |
| 241221229 | Ottoman Empire | Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia ca. 1300. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Empire was based at Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453 to 1922. It encompassed lands in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe. | 65 | |
| 241221230 | Yuan Dynasty | Dynasty in China set up by the Mongols under the leadership of Kublai Khan, replaced the Song (1279-1368) | 66 | |
| 241221231 | Osman | Known as the most successful warrior (ghazi), built a small Muslim state in Anatolia between 1300-1326. Father of the second Ottoman leader, Orkhan I. | 67 | |
| 241221232 | Stateless Societies | african societies organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority associated with states | 68 | |
| 241221233 | The Bantus | The Bantus were a Sub-Saharan African tribe that is language based that were primarily farmers and herders. Now it's a general name for a wide range of ethnic groups in Africa. | 69 | |
| 241221234 | Kingdom of Ghana | First of the great medieval trading empires of western Africa (7th - 13th century). Located in what is now southeastern Mauritania and part of Mali, it acted as intermediary between Arab and Berber salt traders to the north and gold and ivory producers to the south. | 70 | |
| 241221235 | Mansu Musa | Was the greatest ruler of Kingdom Mali. Throne time 1312. He expanded borders and ensured peace and order in Mali. Converted to Islam and based justice on the Quran. But still promoted religious freedom. Made a Hajj, and built schools. He also brought back Scholars to help his society thrive. | 71 | |
| 241221236 | The Swahili | Swahili means "people of the shore", they are the people of the Bantu culture that merged with the Arabian, Persian and Indonesian traders' languages and cultures | 72 |
