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| 260847793 | Ministry of Rites | Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars. (p. 428) | |
| 260847794 | Chan Buddhism | Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society. (p. 429) | |
| 260847795 | Mahayana | Chinese version of Buddhism; placed considerable emphasis on Buddha as god or savior. (p. 263) | |
| 260847796 | Wuzong | Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology. (p. 432) | |
| 260847797 | Zhu Xi | Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action. (p. 435) | |
| 260847798 | Southern Song | Rump state of Song dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of much larger domains ruled by the Tang and northern Song. (p. 436) | |
| 260847799 | Jurchens | Founders of the Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south. (p. 436) | |
| 260847800 | junks | Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula. (p. 437) | |
| 260847801 | flying money | Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency. (p. 438) | |
| 260847802 | Chang'an | Capital of Tang dynasty; population of two million, larger than any other city in the world at that time. (p. 427) | |
| 260847803 | Hangzhou | Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded one million. (p. 439) | |
| 260847804 | foot-binding | Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household. (p. 441) | |
| 260847805 | Li Bo | Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings. (p. 443) | |
| 260847806 | Taika reforms | Attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army. (p. 450) | |
| 260847807 | Tale of Genji | Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; relates life history of prominent and amorous son of the Japanese emperor; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society. (p. 452) | |
| 260847808 | samurai | Mounted troops of the bushi; loyal to local lords, not the emperor. (p. 454) | |
| 260847809 | shoguns | Military leaders of the bakufu. (p. 458) | |
| 260847810 | daimyos | Warlord rulers of 300 small states following Onin War and disruption of Ashikaga Shogunate; holdings consolidated into unified and bounded ministates. (p. 459) | |
| 260847811 | Choson | Earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by Han emperor in 109 b.c.e. (p. 462) | |
| 260847812 | Koguryo | Tribal people of northern Korea; established an independent kingdom in the northern half of the peninsula; adopted cultural Sinification. (p. 462) | |
| 260847813 | Sinification | Extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions; typical of Korea and Japan, less typical of Vietnam. (p. 434) | |
| 260847814 | Trung sisters | Leaders of one of the frequent peasant rebellions in Vietnam against Chinese rule; revolt broke out in 39 c.e.; demonstrates importance of Vietnamese women in indigenous society. (p. 468) | |
| 271792190 | Grand Canal | The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire. (p. 277) | |
| 271792191 | Du Fu | Opposite of Li Bo and was a great Confucian thinker and turned to poetry after failing the empire exam. |
