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| 260085591 | Chinggis Khan | Born in 1170s in decades following death of Kabul Khan; elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions; died in 1227, prior to conquest of most of Islamic world. (pp. 95, 317) | 0 | |
| 260085592 | tumens | Basic fighting units of the Mongol forces; consisted of 10,000 cavalrymen; each unit was further divided into units of 1000, 100, and 10. (p.481) | 1 | |
| 260085593 | Muhammad Shah II | Turkic ruler of Muslim Khwarazm kingdom; attempted to resist Mongol conquest; conquered in 1220. (p. 482) | 2 | |
| 260085594 | Karakorum | Capital of the Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan. (p.483) | 3 | |
| 260085595 | Golden Horde | One of the four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death; territory covered much of what is today south central Russia. (p.485) | 4 | |
| 260085596 | Ilkhan (khanate) Empire | One of four regional khanates, or subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death; located south of the Golden Horde; eventually conquered much of territory of Abbasid Empire. (p. 485) | 5 | |
| 260085597 | Mameluks | Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 and halted Mongol advance. (pp. 317, 488) | 6 | |
| 260085598 | Kubilai Khan | Grandson of Chinggis Khan; commander of the Mongol forces responsible for the conquest of China; became khagan in 1260; established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271. (p. 475) | 7 | |
| 260085599 | Chabi | Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; promoted interests of Buddhists in China; indicative of refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese. (p. 491) | 8 | |
| 260085600 | White Lotus Society | Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule. (p. 494) | 9 | |
| 260085601 | Ju Yuanzhang | Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan; founded Ming dynasty. (p. 494) | 10 | |
| 260085602 | Timur-i Lang | Leader of Turkic nomads; beginning in 1360s from base at Samarkand, launched series of attacks in Persia, the Fertile Crescent, India, and southern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405. (p. 496) | 11 | |
| 271794648 | shamanistic religion | Mongol beliefs focused on nature spirits. | 12 |
