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| 8005562419 | Silk Roads | the most famous of the trading routes established by pastoral nomads connecting the European, Indian, and Chinese; transmitted goods and ideas among civilizations | 0 | |
| 8005562420 | Black Death | The common name for a major outbreak of plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century, carrying off vast numbers of persons. | 1 | |
| 8005562421 | Indian Ocean trading network | The world's largest sea-based system of comunication and exchange before 1500 C.E., Indian Ocean commerce stretched from southern China to eastern Africa and included not only the exchange of luxury and bulk goods but also the exchange of ideas and crops. |  | 2 |
| 8005562425 | Swahili civilization | an East African civilization that emerged in the 8th century ce from a blending of Bantu, Islamic, and other Indian Ocean trade elements |  | 3 |
| 8005562426 | Great Zimbabwe | City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state. | 4 | |
| 8005562427 | Sand roads | The system of roads that led across the Sahara desert in Africa. |  | 5 |
| 8005562432 | Sui dynasty | The short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China |  | 6 |
| 8005562433 | Tang dynasty | 618-907 CE. Much like the Han using Confucianism. had the equal field system, a bureaucracy based on merit and a Confuciansim education system. Trained strong armies of almost a million troops to fight off nomadic powers from Asia. Made story cultural influence over Korea and Vietnam. |  | 7 |
| 8005562434 | Song dynasty | During this Chinese dynasty (960 - 1279 AD) China saw many important inventions. There was a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); paper money, gun powder; landscape black and white paintings |  | 8 |
| 8005562437 | foot binding | Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household. |  | 9 |
| 8005562438 | tribute system | Chinese method of dealing with foreign lands and people's that assumed the subordination of all non-Chinese authorities and required the payment of tribute --produce of value from their countries--to the Chinese emperor(although the Chines gifts given in return were often much more valuable). | 10 | |
| 8005562447 | Chinese Buddhism | China's only large-scale cultural borrowing before the 20th century. Buddhism entered China from India in the first and second centuries C.E but only became popular between 300-800 C.E through a series of cultural accommodations. At first supported by the state, Buddhism suffered persecution during the 9th century but continued to play a role in Chinese society. | 11 | |
| 8005562448 | Emperor Wendi | a Chinese general, who secured his Emperor position by killing 59 princes of the Zhou royal house, and founded the Sui Dynasty. Presented himself as a Buddhist Cakravartin King, that is, a monarch who uses military force to defend the Buddhist faith. | 12 | |
| 8005562449 | Quran | The holy book of Islam | 13 | |
| 8005562450 | umma | The community of all Muslims. A major innovation against the background of seventh-century Arabia, where traditionally kinship rather than faith had determined membership in a community. | 14 | |
| 8005562451 | Pillars of Islam | The five core practices required of Muslims: a profession of faith, regular prayer, charitable giving, fasting during Ramadan, and a pilgrimage to Mecca (if physically and financially possible). | 15 | |
| 8005562453 | sharia | Body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life | 16 | |
| 8005562456 | Umayyad Caliphate | (661-750 CE) The Islamic caliphate that established a capital at Damascus, conquered North Africa, the Iberian Pennisula, Southwest Asia, and Persia, and had a bureaucracy with only Arab Muslims able to be a part of it. |  | 17 |
| 8005562457 | Abbasid Caliphate | (750-1258 CE) The caliphate, after the Umayyads, who focused more on administration than conquering. Had a bureaucracy that any Mulim could be a part of. |  | 18 |
| 8005562458 | Sufism | A branch of Islam, defined by adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam; others contend that it is a perennial philosophy of existence that pre-dates religion, the expression of which flowered within Islam |  | 19 |
| 8005562461 | Ibn Battuta | (1304-1369) Morrocan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. His writings gave a glimpse into the world of that time period. |  | 20 |
| 8005562471 | Byzantine Empire | (330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine. |  | 21 |
| 8005562472 | Constantinople | A large and wealthy city that was the imperial capital of the Byzantine empire and later the Ottoman empire, now known as Istanbul | 22 | |
| 8005562474 | caesarpapism | a political-religious system where the secular ruler is also the head of the religious establishment (Byzantine Empire) | 23 | |
| 8005562475 | Eastern Orthodox Christianity | Eastern branch of Christianity that evolved following the division of the Roman Empire and the subsequent development of the Byzantine Empire in the east and the medieval European society in the west. The church recognized the primacy of the patriarch of Constantinople | 24 | |
| 8005562477 | Prince Vladimir of Kiev | converted to Orthodox Christianity, and allowed Byzantine influence in his realm | 25 | |
| 8005562478 | Kievan Rus | A monarchy established in present day Russia in the 6th and 7th centuries. It was ruled through loosely organized alliances with regional aristocrats from. The Scandinavians coined the term "Russia". It was greatly influenced by Byzantine | 26 | |
| 8005562482 | Western Christendom | Western Europe was on the margins of world history for most of the postclassical millennium; It was far removed from the growing world trade routes; European geography made political unity difficult; Coastlines and river systems facilitated internal exchange; | 27 | |
| 8005562484 | Crusades | Armed pilgrimages to the Holy Land by Christians determined to recover Jerusalem from Muslim rule. The Crusades brought an end to western Europe's centuries of intellectual and cultural isolation. |  | 28 |
| 8005562485 | pastoralism | A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food, clothing, and shelter. | 29 | |
| 8005562487 | Turks | 6th-10th centuries C.E. •Pastoral ethnic group that originated in northern Eurasia and spread into Central Asia and the Middle East •Had significant cultural and political interactions with China, Persia, Byzantium •Conversion to Islam 10th-14th centuries •Diffused Islam throughout Middle East, India, Anatolia(Turkey) | 30 | |
| 8005562489 | Temujin | leader of the largest Mongol clans; he unites them all(plans to conquer Asia); and receives title Genghis Khan(universal ruler) | 31 | |
| 8005562490 | the Mongol world | Eurasia, 13th-15th centuries •50-year period of Mongol conquests across Eurasia that created the Mongol empire •Subjected huge populations to Mongol rule •Military strength allowed for rapid conquest •Mongol rule created interactions between diverse groups •Served to diffuse technology, culture, political and economic systems |  | 32 |
| 8005562491 | Yuan Dynasty | (1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols on top->Persian bureaucrats->Chinese bureuacrats. | 33 | |
| 8005562492 | Kublai Khan | (1215-1294) Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China. | 34 |
