Ch.s 17, 18, 20, 22
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| 259874397 | Mahmud of Gazni | Turkish leader in Afghanistan that conquered the north western part of India from1001-1027 c.e | 0 | |
| 259874398 | Dehli Sultanate | Kingdom of northern India that was Muslim ruled from 1206-1526 | 1 | |
| 259874399 | Germanic Kingdom | Kingdoms of the German tribes in Central Europe | 2 | |
| 259874400 | Franks | A germanic tribe that led france | 3 | |
| 259874401 | Clovis | Leader of the Franks in 486 c.e | 4 | |
| 259874402 | Carolingians | The line of kings that overthrew Clovis's reign | 5 | |
| 259874403 | Charlemagne | The one of the greatest rulers of the Franks and was crown emperor by pope leo III | 6 | |
| 259874404 | Magyars | Muslims who attacked Europe and established Hungary | 7 | |
| 259874405 | Norse Expansion | Vikings that attacked Europe and was able to bring riches and do some amount cultural unification | 8 | |
| 259874406 | Vikings | Norman soldiers that sailed on small ships and raided European settlements | 9 | |
| 259874407 | Otto I | Defeated the Maygars and was crowned by in 962 to be the Holy Roman Emperor | 10 | |
| 259874408 | Holy Roman Empire | Empire that was started by Otto of Saxony or Otto I. | 11 | |
| 259874409 | Feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service | 12 | |
| 259874410 | Lords and Retainers | The hierarchy of control and power of mid-evil Europe | 13 | |
| 259874411 | Serf | Peasant that was tied to the land owned by a Lord | 14 | |
| 259874412 | Manor | Were all economic activity took place in the early middevil Europe | 15 | |
| 259874413 | Pope Gregory 1 | Pope that started papal supremacy and started | 16 | |
| 259874414 | Papal Supremacy | Church played a major role in day to day life | 17 | |
| 259874415 | St Benedict | Discipline rule for people living in a monastery | 18 | |
| 259874416 | Investiture Contest | A controversy over the appointment of church officals | 19 | |
| 259874417 | Barbarossa | An emperor in Southern Germany. | 20 | |
| 259874418 | Normans | Decedents of vikings in England | 21 | |
| 259874419 | Papal States | Territory in Central Italy controlled by the Pope | 22 | |
| 259874420 | Horseshoe | U-shaped plate nailed to underside of horse's hoof | 23 | |
| 259874421 | Horse Collar | A collar that went around the put the weight of the plow on the shoulders of the horse and not the neck | 24 | |
| 259874422 | Hanseatic League | a commercial and defensive confederation of free cities in northern Germany and surrounding areas | 25 | |
| 259874423 | Three Estates | Those who pray (the church), Those who fight (knights & nobility), Those who work (serfs), the class structure of medieval Europe | 26 | |
| 259874424 | Chivalry | The code of honor that knights followed | 27 | |
| 259874425 | Troubadour | Aristocratic women who founded the chivalric code | 28 | |
| 259874426 | Guild | An organization that helps support members of the guild and defines how much an item should be priced | 29 | |
| 259874427 | Scholasticism | The understanding of Aristotle thought in the 1200's and the increasing of educations | 30 | |
| 259874428 | Sacraments | Rituals to bring spiritual blessings to a person | 31 | |
| 259874429 | Eucharist | a Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine | 32 | |
| 259874430 | Saint | A person who is said to live such a exemplar life that god gave them a special place in heaven | 33 | |
| 259874431 | Capetians | Decendent kings that added resources and land to their ruling state (in france) | 34 | |
| 259874432 | St Scholastica | A version of living for women in midieval Europe | 35 | |
| 259874433 | Elanor of Aquitane | Aristocratic women who supported romantic poet and entertainers (1122-1204) | 36 | |
| 259874434 | Chinggis Khan | "universal ruler" unified Mongol tribes through alliance and conquests | 37 | |
| 259874435 | Sultan | ruler, the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire) | 38 | |
| 259874436 | Khan | ruler; organized vast confederation of individual tribes for expansion | 39 | |
| 259874437 | Shamans | religious specialists who possessed supernatural powers, communicated w/ gods & nature spirits, invoked divine aid on behalf of their communities & informed their companions of the gods' will. | 40 | |
| 259874438 | Mahmud of Ghazni | led Turkish Ghaznavids of Afghanistan in raids in Northern India | 41 | |
| 259874439 | Khubilai Khan | Chinggis Khan grandson, under is reign came the consolidation of Mongol rule in China | 42 | |
| 259874440 | Kamikaze | Japanese term "divine wind" storms that destroyed Mongol invasion fleets | 43 | |
| 259874441 | Khanate of Chaghatai | run under Khubilai, extended rule to all of China | 44 | |
| 259874442 | Khanate of Golden Horde | overran Russia 1237-1241, expeditions into Poland, Hungary & Germany | 45 | |
| 259874443 | Ilkhanate of Persia | Mongol state that ruled Persia after abolitions of the Abbasid empire in the 13th century | 46 | |
| 259874444 | Tamerlane | 1336-1405, conquered an empire ranging from the Black Sea to Samarkand | 47 | |
| 259874445 | Samarkand | capital established by Tamerlane | 48 | |
| 259874446 | Osman | 1299, declared independence from Saljuq sultan and launched campaign to build a state at the expense of the Byzantine empire | 49 | |
| 259874447 | Ottoman empire | powerful Turkish empire that lasted from conquests of Constantinople until 1918 and rached its peak during suleyman the magnificent | 50 | |
| 259874448 | Sultan Mehmed II | Sultan Mehmed II, Ottoman ruler who sacked Constantinople, effectively ending the Byzantine empire. Renamed it Istanbul and then absorbed the lands of Byzantium. | 51 | |
| 259874449 | Pilgrimage | long distance travelled to honor the saints the relics represented | 52 | |
| 259874450 | Dominican | have no personal possessions and would have to beg for their food and other needs from audiences to whom they preached (Mendicants) | 53 | |
| 259874451 | Franciscan | have no personal possessions and would have to beg for their food and other needs from audiences to whom they preached (Mendicants) | 54 | |
| 259874452 | Vinland | named by Lief, Vinland because wild grapes growing in this region; Newfoundland today | 55 | |
| 259874453 | Teutonic Knight | Christians who formed a series of hybrid, military-religious orders; took religious vows and pledged to devote their lives and efforts to the struggle against Muslims and pagans; waged military campaigns against the pagan Slavic peoples | 56 | |
| 259874454 | Templar | Christians who formed a series of hybrid, military-religious orders; took religious vows and pledged to devote their lives and efforts to the struggle against Muslims and pagans | 57 | |
| 259874455 | Reconquista | reconquest of Spain | 58 | |
| 259874456 | Crusade | holy war | 59 | |
| 259874457 | Urban II | launched crusade in 1095; called for Christian knights to take up arms and seize the Holy Land, promising salvation for those who fell during the campaign | 60 | |
| 259874458 | Council of Clermont | where Pope Urban II declared his famous crusade to the Holy Lands | 61 | |
| 259874459 | Bubonic Plague | spread from fleas to rodents to ships to other Italian trading cities & etc. Mongol military campaigns helped spread this easily | 62 | |
| 259874460 | Hundred Years War | the series of wars between England and France, 1337-1453, England claimed French land and over feudal rights versus the emerging claims of national states | 63 | |
| 259874461 | Isabel & Fernando | two wealthiest and most important Iveruab realms; Christians completed the reconquista under the two | 64 | |
| 259874462 | Tsar (Tzar, Czar) | a Russian form of the word caesar | 65 | |
| 259874463 | Renaissance | "rebirth" round of artistic and intellectual creativity that took place from the 14th to the 16th century and that reflected the continuing development of a sophisticated urban society | 66 | |
| 259874464 | Humanist (Humanism) | scholars interest int he humanities: literarture, history, and moral philosophy | 67 | |
| 259874465 | Erasmus | published the first edition of the Greek New Testament along with a revised Latin translation and copious annotations | 68 | |
| 259874466 | Patron | travelled through Europe searching for manuscripts of classical works | 69 | |
| 259874467 | Magna Carta | "Great Charter" confirmed feudal rights against monarchical claims | 70 |
