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| 2865064504 | Compromise of 1850 | (1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas |  | 0 |
| 2865065818 | Fugitive Slave Act | A law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders |  | 1 |
| 2865066763 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | 1854 law that divided the Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska giving each territory the right to decide whether or not to allow slavery. |  | 2 |
| 2865068305 | Popular Sovereignty | political policy that permitted the resident of federal territories to decide on whether to enter the union as free or slave states. |  | 3 |
| 2865069594 | Dred Scott v Sanford | Supreme Court case that decided US Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in federal territories and slaves, as private property, could not be taken away without due process - basically slaves would remain slaves in non-slave states and slaves could not sue because they were not citizens |  | 4 |
| 2865072925 | State's Rights | the rights and powers held by individual US states rather than by the federal government. |  | 5 |
| 2865072926 | Secession | to withdraw formally from a membership in a group or an organization |  | 6 |
| 2865074848 | Emancipation Proclamation 1863 | decree by President Lincoln that freed enslaved people living in Confederate states still in rebellion. |  | 7 |
| 2865074849 | Thirteenth Amendment | an 1865 amendment to the United States Constitution that abolishes slavery throughout the nation |  | 8 |
| 2865076466 | Fourteenth Amendment | A constitutional amendment giving full rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, except for American Indians. |  | 9 |
| 2865077787 | Fifteenth Amendment | The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. |  | 10 |
| 2865077788 | Carpetbagger | negative term for a northern Republican who moved to the South after the Civil War. |  | 11 |
| 2865079887 | Scalawag | negative term for a southern white who supported the Republican Party after the Civil War |  | 12 |
| 2865082791 | Freedmen's Bureau | federal agency used designed to aid freed slaves and poor white farmers in the South after the Civil War. |  | 13 |
| 2865082792 | Sharecropper | system in which a farmer tended a portion of a planter's land in return for a share of the crop. |  | 14 |
| 2865083903 | Tenant Farming | system in which a farmer paid rent to a landowner for the use of the land. |  | 15 |
| 2865085497 | Gettysburg Address | speech by President Lincoln in which he dedicated a national cemetery at Gettysburg and reaffirmed the ideas for which the Union was fighting. |  | 16 |
| 2865086877 | Habeas Corpus | constitutional guarantee that no one can be held in prison without charges being filed. |  | 17 |
| 2865086878 | Reconstruction | program implemented by the federal government between 1865 and 1877 to repair damage to the South caused by the Civil War and restore the southern states to the Union. |  | 18 |
| 2865088995 | Radical Republican | Congressmen who advocated full citizenship rights for African Americans along with a harsh Reconstruction policy toward the South. |  | 19 |
| 2865090617 | Morehouse College | School that taught freedmen education like how to read and write taught by northern abolitionists |  | 20 |
| 2865091662 | Andrew Johnson's Impeachment | Johnson dismissed his secretary of war which causes the house of representatives to issue articles of impeachment calling for his removal from presidency because he fired a cabinet member without the senates approval. Clinton was accused of lying under oath but since the lies had concerned his private life many people thought the questions have been inappropriate. |  | 21 |
| 2865091663 | Black Code | laws that restricted African Americans' rights and opportunities |  | 22 |
| 2865093247 | Ku Klux Klan | organization that promotes hatred and discrimination against specific ethnic and religious groups. |  | 23 |
| 2865094183 | 1876 Presidential Election | Between Democrat Samuel Tilden and Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, the 1876 election marked the end of Reconstruction. Tilden won with 51% of the popular vote. But a handful of republican insiders hatched a plan to nullify the democratic victories in Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida- states where Republicans still controlled the election process- on the grounds that the voting included fraud and intimidation. If the republicans could get Congress to accept these states as republican, than Hayes would win a one-vote electoral victory. Ultimately, it was handled through compromise and bargaining. What exactly was agreed upon is not known. But enough Southern Democrats threw their support to Hayes,who was declared president, effectively ending Reconstruction. |  | 24 |
| 2865094184 | Compromise of 1877 | agreement by which Rutherford B. Hayes won the 1876 presidential election and in exchange agreed to remove the remaining federal troops from the south. |  | 25 |
| 2865097980 | Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address 1865 | Lincoln's second inaugural address definition. A speech given by Abraham Lincoln at his inauguration for a second term as president, a few weeks before the Union victory in the Civil War. |  | 26 |
| 2865100725 | "Bleeding Kansas" | term used to describe the 1854-1856 violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery supporters in Kansas. |  | 27 |
| 2865102358 | Underground Railroad | system that existed before the Civil War, in which black and white abolitionists helped escape slaves travel to safe areas, especially Canada. |  | 28 |
| 2865102359 | Harper's Ferry | town in Virginia (now in West Virginia) where abolitionist John Brown raided a federal arsenal in 1859. |  | 29 |
| 2865104680 | "Know Nothings" | political party of the mid-1800's, officially known as the American Party, that opposed immigration |  | 30 |
| 2865104681 | Anaconda Plan | northern Civil War strategy to starve the south by blockading seaports and controlling the Mississippi River. |  | 31 |
| 2865105652 | Civil Rights Act 1866 | law that established federal guarantees of civil rights for all citizens. |  | 32 |
| 2865105653 | Blockade | military tactic in which a navy presents vessels from entering or leaving its enemy's ports. |  | 33 |
| 2865109393 | Freedman | person who has been freed from slavery. |  | 34 |
| 2865109394 | John C. Calhoun | (1830s-40s) Leader of the Fugitive Slave Law, which forced the cooperation of Northern states in returning escaped slaves to the south. He also argued on the floor of the senate that slavery was needed in the south. He argued on the grounds that society is supposed to have an upper ruling class that enjoys the profit of a working lower class. |  | 35 |
| 2865111644 | Dred Scott | A black slave, had lived with his master for 5 years in Illinois and Wisconsin Territory. Backed by interested abolitionists, he sued for freedom on the basis of his long residence on free soil. The ruling on the case was that He was a black slave and not a citizen, so he had no rights. |  | 36 |
| 2865111645 | John Brown | In 1859, the militant abolitionist John Brown seized the U.S. arsenal at Harper's Ferry. He planned to end slavery by massacring slave owners and freeing their slaves. He was captured and executed. |  | 37 |
| 2865115364 | Ulysses S. Grant | union general who received the nickname "Lincoln's Butcher" because he had no mercy and got the job done |  | 38 |
| 2865115365 | Robert E. Lee | Appointed command of the Confederate Army in 1862 during the Civil War. Despite his skill he was forced to surrender to Ulysses S Grant at Appomattox Courthouse in 1865. |  | 39 |
| 2865115366 | Thomas Jonathon"Stonewall" Jackson | Was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and the best-known Confederate commander after General Robert E. Lee. His military career includes the Valley Campaign of 1862 and his service as a corps commander in the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee. Confederate pickets accidentally shot him at the Battle of Chancellorsville on May 2, 1863. |  | 40 |
| 2865115367 | William T. Sherman | -He commanded the Union army in Tennessee. In September of 1864 his troops captured Atlanta, Georgia. He then headed to take Savannah. This was his famous "march to the sea." His troops burned barns and houses, and destroyed the countryside. His march showed a shift in the belief that only military targets should be destroyed. Civilian centers could also be targets. |  | 41 |
| 2865115368 | Jefferson Davis | An American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865 |  | 42 |
| 2865116666 | Abraham Lincoln | (1809-1865) Sixteenth president of the United States, he promoted equal rights for African Americans in the famed Lincoln- Douglas debates. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation and set in motion the Civil War, but he was determined to preserve the Union. He was assassinated in 1865. |  | 43 |
| 2865116667 | Andrew Johnson | 17th President of the United States, A Southerner from Tennessee, as V.P. when Lincoln was killed, he became president. He opposed radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. The first U.S. president to be impeached, he survived the Senate removal by only one vote. |  | 44 |
| 2865117805 | Harriet Tubman | American abolitionist. Born a slave on a Maryland plantation, she escaped to the North in 1849 and became the most renowned conductor on the Underground Railroad, leading more than 300 slaves to freedom. |  | 45 |
| 2865117806 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | (1811-1896) American author and daughter of Lyman Beecher, she was an abolitionist and author of the famous antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin. |  | 46 |
| 2865118924 | Battle of Fort Sumter | First fired shots of the Civil War. Confederate Victory, fought in South Carolina. |  | 47 |
| 2865118925 | Battle of Antietam | Single bloodiest day of fighting in American history; Tactical draw, but strategic defeat for Confederacy; Kept Lee from directly threatening Northern industry and financial institutions; Prompted Britain and France to abandon plans to grant recognition to the Confederacy; Provided Lincoln with the victory he needed to announce the abolition of slavery, or Emancipation Proclamation |  | 48 |
| 2865120043 | Battle of Vicksburg | (May 18-July 4, 1863); Union took control of the Mississippi River, divided the Confederates; Union won |  | 49 |
| 2865122714 | Battle of Gettsyburg | Robert E. Lee felt confident enough to risk a second invasion and attacked Gettysburg. Robert E. Lee declared an all out charge on the center of the Union troops. The Union defeated the confederacy, but again both armies lost devastating amounts of men. Lee lost a third of his army. |  | 50 |
| 2865123938 | Battle of Atlanta | 1860s,Gen.Sherman(union) & Hood (Confederate); ordered evacuation of the city, Sherman burned most of the buildings in the city, military or not then went to Savannah .Imp.b/c this was the beginning of Sherman's March To The Sea.As a res., union defeated Confederate forces ,defending the city under John B. Hood. |  | 51 |
| 2865125495 | Battle of Appomattox | Official End to the Civil War. Lee surrendered to Grant at this courthouse, after this battle. |  | 52 |
