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| 5015421151 | battle of marathon | 490: greeks defeated persians; persians invaded because of greek revolt in ionia | 0 | |
| 5015421152 | who took over in persia after the battle at marathon and what did he do | xerxes; let out an army that outnumbered greeks but lost because of the strait of thermopoles | 1 | |
| 5015421153 | what are 3 ways the western world was influenced by greeks? | government, architecture, philosophy/teaching | 2 | |
| 5015421154 | cyrus the great | established persian empire 550 bce | 3 | |
| 5015421155 | what former states did persia replace | egypt and hittie (assyrians came before persians) | 4 | |
| 5015421156 | what did cyrus allow persians to keep | cuniform | 5 | |
| 5015421157 | what 3 things did persia emphasize | tolerance, strong authoritarian rule, vital infrastructure | 6 | |
| 5015421158 | which persian emperor worked hard to centralize govt and bureaucracy | darius: after cyrus | 7 | |
| 5015421159 | who developed the first postal service | persia | 8 | |
| 5015421160 | who founded zoroastrianism and when | zoroaster in 630 bce | 9 | |
| 5015421161 | what did zoroastrianism ban | animal sacrifice and intoxicants | 10 | |
| 5015421162 | what idea did zoroastrianism introduce that would influence many other religions | choice of good vs evil | 11 | |
| 5015421163 | herodotus | greek historian | 12 | |
| 5015421164 | how were zoroastrians different from greeks | more spiritual and believed in more abstract god | 13 | |
| 5015421165 | magi | zoroastrian priest | 14 | |
| 5015421166 | was zoroastrian influence great | yes more than greek religion | 15 | |
| 5015421167 | who conquered persia | alexander the great | 16 | |
| 5015421168 | what did the period of peace and prosperity in persia follow | them conquering most of ME | 17 | |
| 5015421169 | was the conquer by alex the great it for persia | no series of persian empires popped up after hellenistic period (competed with romans) | 18 | |
| 5015421170 | how did people spread to greece | ppl from river valley civilizations that went to the peninsula but mainly the islands | 19 | |
| 5015421171 | what year did greeks take over the peninsula | 1700 bce | 20 | |
| 5015421172 | what city did the kingdom in greece develop around and when | mycenae; 1400 bce | 21 | |
| 5015421173 | who toppled mycenae and when was civilization able to resume on the islands | indoneuropeans; 800 bce | 22 | |
| 5015421174 | when was rise of greek civilization and what caused it | 800-600 bce; city states | 23 | |
| 5015421175 | what kinda of rules were most common among city states | tyrants and aristocratic rule | 24 | |
| 5015421176 | why was unified government difficult in greece | mountains | 25 | |
| 5015421177 | what language did greeks derive theirs from | phoenician alphabet | 26 | |
| 5015441976 | what type of govt did sparta have | militantaristocracy | 27 | |
| 5015449673 | what gave reason for the greek city-states to unite | to conquer persia in 500 bce | 28 | |
| 5015461122 | who domintated greek politics in the 5th century and what did he prevent from happenig | pericles; prevented ppl from expanding empire for money | 29 | |
| 5015473546 | peloponnesian wars | war between sparta and athens who wanted control of greece; sparta won but failed to unify greece; ended up being conquered by macedonia | 30 | |
| 5015483858 | phillip II of macedonia | conqured greece for macedon; father of alex the great | 31 | |
| 5015492148 | poltitics of hellenistic kingdom | highly autocratic | 32 | |
| 5015497459 | why did sparta set up such strict military state | to prevent hellots (slaves) from taking over like they almost did when they rebelled | 33 | |
| 5015506697 | paxromana | 200 yrs of roman peace that lasted from octavian to marcus aurelius | 34 | |
| 5015510111 | patricians | roman aristocracy | 35 | |
| 5015512320 | plebians | roman commoners | 36 | |
| 5015514488 | punic wars | fought between rome and carthage to win W. mediterranean | 37 | |
| 5015524240 | when did did rome begin and where | began as a monarchy in italy in 800 BCE | 38 | |
| 5015531144 | what was roman military like at start of republic | strong; ruled by desire to protect land | 39 | |
| 5015539361 | when did the roman republic offically end and why | 45 bce; roman generals engaged in civil war after thoughts of julius ceasar, a general, gaining too much power | 40 | |
| 5015550528 | 1st emporer in rome | augustus ceasar in 27 bce | 41 | |
| 5015561355 | diocletian | roman emporer who improved administration and tax collection | 42 | |
| 5015566785 | pompey | the other counsel present when ceasar was in control | 43 | |
| 5015576233 | polis | city-state form of govt | 44 | |
| 5015581118 | how did greeks feel about politics | they were important | 45 | |
| 5015598690 | how did romans feel about politics | political concerns were restricted by emporer, but some city states maintained autonomy | 46 | |
| 5015608685 | what way was greco roman politics diff from china | greco roman involved citizens more | 47 | |
| 5015619319 | what drawbacks of democracy did athens show | lower class pushed for hasty war strategies eager for spoils of war | 48 | |
| 5015632780 | did athens have aristocracy | yes, pericles was aristocrat | 49 | |
| 5015635562 | consuls | 2 chief executives of roman republic; elected by assemble | 50 | |
| 5015639464 | senate | assembly of roman aristocrats, advised on policy within republic | 51 | |
| 5015650735 | what could senate in rome do in times of crisis | elect tyrant | 52 | |
| 5015698548 | cicero | roman writer who wrote abt pol. theory (resembled confucianism) | 53 | |
| 5015714197 | what happened to roman senate i empire | became meaningless house for debates | 54 | |
| 5015723166 | how much power did roman military officials have | more than emporer | 55 | |
| 5015727645 | how did romans feel about other cultures | tolerant | 56 | |
| 5015730427 | 1st roman law code | 12 tables; meant to restrain upper class 450 bce | 57 | |
| 5015734056 | what were roman laws like | common sense reasoning | 58 | |
| 5015741093 | how did romans feel about accepting new people | granted many non romans citizenship | 59 | |
| 5015752741 | what vast system did romans dvlp | road system | 60 | |
| 5015807319 | why did romans build stadiums ans circuses | to distract subjects and prevent pol. uproar | 61 | |
| 5015829294 | what led to great storytelling in greco roman culture | religion | 62 | |
| 5015834520 | how did g/r relig differ from india | g/r cared more abt what gods could do for humans rather than elevating to higher spiritual field | 63 | |
| 5015847566 | limitations of greco roman relig | lack of spiritual passion, division btween upper and lower class, open to new religs coming in | 64 | |
| 5015858625 | how did relig leave greco/roman elite dissatisified | didnt venture into inquiry about nature and human society, little basis for ethical thought | 65 | |
| 5015872731 | how did greco/roman est ethical thought | used philosephers like aristotle and cicero | 66 | |
| 5015875150 | stoics | hellenistic group of philosophers emphasizing inner moral independance culture by discipline of body and personal behavior | 67 | |
| 5015884477 | aristotle | greek philospher, teacher of alex the great, knowledge based on observation | 68 | |
| 5015890735 | socrates | 5th centure bce, tutored plato, urged rational reflections based on questions, forced to commit suicide | 69 | |
| 5015919354 | how did greeks feel abt nature | questioned order of physical nature | 70 | |
| 5015924283 | what was greek science like | not very practical; focused on theories of planets and math (geometry) | 71 | |
| 5015934647 | what studies went on in hellenistic | anatomy | 72 | |
| 5015937960 | eulicid | discovered widly used element of geometry | 73 | |
| 5015942047 | ptolemy | hellenistic astronomer, theory of sun's mvmt around earth | 74 | |
| 5015951841 | what science contributions did romans have | added little to greek/hellentistic thought | 75 | |
| 5015956464 | what did romans ecxell at | engineering; they were more practical | 76 | |
| 5015963200 | what was art centered around | human form, realism | 77 | |
| 5015969466 | how did greek theater differ from india | more emph on tragedy | 78 | |
| 5015974944 | what kind of literature was famously greek | epic poems | 79 | |
| 5015985954 | 3 greek column styles ( order from most to least ornate) | corinthian, ionic, dorian | 80 | |
| 5016110782 | why was commerical farming so prevalent in medit. | soil was not suitable for grains so they had to grow cash crops to trade for grain; also why tenant farming was so common | 81 | |
| 5016124437 | how did greek city states ensure they would be able to trade for grain | set up colonies in N africa | 82 | |
| 5016131366 | what did medit. trade with china/india | traded animal skins and precious metals for luxury items | 83 | |
| 5016140329 | what was merchant status in rome | higher than china, not as high as india | 84 | |
| 5016146745 | what did philosophers feel about slaver | justified it | 85 | |
| 5016149803 | what were slaves used for | household servants, agriculture, tutors, mines | 86 | |
| 5016160714 | what tech did greeks make advances in? romans? | shipbuiding/navigation; roads | 87 | |
| 5016166138 | why did medit. lag behind in tech | reliance on slaves | 88 | |
| 5016173170 | status of women | inferior but had vital economic status | 89 |
