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Unit 4 Vocab 2 Flashcards

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153098230Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the FemaleA statement of the rights of women written by Olympe de Gouge in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man0
153098231EstatesThe divisions of society in pre-revolutionary France1
153098232FeminismThe movement to achieve women's rights2
153098233Gran ColombiaThe temporary union of the northern portion of South America after independence movements led by Simón Bólivar; ended in 18303
153098234JacobinsExtreme radicals during the French Revolution4
153098235LiberalismAn Enlightenment philosophy that favored civil rights, the protection of private property, and representative government5
153098236Natural RightsRights that belong to every person and that no government may take away6
153098237ProletariatIn Marxist theory, the class of workers in an industrial society7
153098238QueueHair braid worn by Chinese men that was required by the Qing leaders; cutting it off meant execution8
153098239RadicalismWestern European political philosophy during the nineteenth century; advocated democracy and reforms favoring lower classes9
153098240Reign of Terror (1793-1794)The period of most extreme violence during the French Revolution10
153098241Revolutions of 1848Democratic and nationalistic revolutions, most of them unsuccessful, that swept through Europe11
153098242Self-Strengthening MovementA late nineteenth century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways12
153098243Separation of PowersThe division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the government13
153098244Seven Years War (1756-1763)Conflict fought in Europe and its overseas colonies; in North America, known as the French and Indian War14
153098245Social ContractEnlightenment concept of the agreement made by the people living in a state of nature to give up some of their rights in order for governments to be established15
153098246SocialismEconomic and political philosophy based on the idea that the benefits of economic activity should be equitably distributed throughout a society16
153098247System of Checks and BalancesConstitutional system in which each branch of government places limits on the power of other branches17
153098248Taiping Rebellion (1853-1864)Revolt in southern China against the Qing Empire18
153098249Universal Male SuffrageThe right of all males within a given society to vote19
153098250Berlin Conference (1884-1885)Meeting of European imperialist powers to divide Africa among them20
153098251BoersSouth Africans of Dutch descent21
153098252Boer War (1889-1902)War between the British and Dutch over Dutch independence in South Africa; resulted in a British victory22
153098253DumaThe Russian parliament23
153098254Economic ImperialismControl of a country's economy by the businesses of another nation24
153098255Great TrekThe emigration of some 12,000 to 14,000 Boers from Cape Colony in South Africa between 1835 and the early 1840s, in rebellion against the policies of the British government and in search of fresh pasturelands. The Great Trek is regarded by Afrikaners as a central event of their 19th-century history and the origin of their nationhood.25
153098256ImperialismThe establishment of colonial empires26
153098257Indian National CongressPolitical party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement27
153098258Manifest DestinyConcept of U.S. territorial expansion westward to the Pacific Ocean that saw the occupation of the rest of the continent as a divine right of the American people. The term was used to justify the U.S. annexation of Oregon, New Mexico, and California and later U.S. involvement in Alaska, Hawaii, and the Philippines.28
153098259RajIn many Indian languages, it literally means Prince or Royalty though is often used to mean something more like the English term of empire and as such is often used in reference to the Mughal Raj and the British Raj: the period of direct colonial rule of India by the British Empire.29
153098260Revolution of 1905Strikes by urban workers and peasants in Russia; prompted by shortages of food and by Russia's loss to Japan in 190530
153098261Sepoy Rebellion (1857)Revolt of Indian soldiers against the British; caused by a military practice in violation of the Muslim and Hindu faiths31
153098262SepoysSouth Asian soldiers who served in the British army in India32
153098263Social DarwinismThe application of Darwin's philosophy of natural selection to human society33
153098264Spanish-American War (1898)Conflict between the U.S. and Spain that began the rise of the U.S. as a world power. The U.S. gained possession of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as a result.34

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