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Unit 4 Vocab #2 Flashcards

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149271101Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the FemaleA statement of the rights of women written by Olympe de Gouge in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man0
149271102EstatesThe divisions of society in pre-revolutionary France1
149271103FeminismThe movement to achieve women's rights2
149271104Gran ColombiaThe temporary union of the northern portion of South America after independence movements led by Simón Bólivar; ended in 18303
149271105JacobinsExtreme radicals during the French Revolution4
149271106LiberalismAn Enlightenment philosophy that favored civil rights, the protection of private property, and representative government5
149271107Natural RightsRights that belong to every person and that no government may take away6
149271108ProletariatIn Marxist theory, the class of workers in an industrial society7
149271109QueueHair braid worn by Chinese men that was required by the Qing leaders; cutting it off meant execution8
149271110RadicalismWestern European political philosophy during the nineteenth century; advocated democracy and reforms favoring lower classes9
149271111Reign of Terror(1793-1794) The period of most extreme violence during the French Revolution10
149271112Revolutions of 1848Democratic and nationalistic revolutions, most of them unsuccessful, that swept through Europe11
149271113Self-Strengthening MovementA late nineteenth century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways12
149271114Separation of PowersThe division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the government13
149271115Seven Years' War(1756-1763) Conflict fought in Europe and its overseas colonies; in North America, known as the French and Indian War14
149271116Social ContractEnlightenment concept of the agreement made by the people living in a state of nature to give up some of their rights in order for governments to be established15
149271117SocialismEconomic and political philosophy based on the idea that the benefits of economic activity should be equitably distributed throughout a society16
149271118System of Checks and BalancesConstitutional system in which each branch of government places limits on the power of other branches17
149271119Taiping Rebellion(1853-1864) Revolt in southern China against the Qing Empire18
149271120Universal Male SuffrageThe right of all males within a given society to vote19
149271121Berlin Conference(1884-1885) Meeting of European imperialist powers to divide Africa among them20
149271122BoersSouth Africans of Dutch descent21
149271123Boer War(1889-1902) War between the British and Dutch over Dutch independence in South Africa; resulted in a British victory22
149271124DumaThe Russian parliament23
149271125Economic ImperialismControl of a country's economy by the businesses of another nation24
149271126Great TrekThe emigration of some 12,000 to 14,000 Boers from Cape Colony in South Africa between 1835 and the early 1840s, in rebellion against the policies of the British government and in search of fresh pasturelands. The Great Trek is regarded by Afrikaners as a central event of their 19th-century history and the origin of their nationhood.25
149271127ImperialismThe establishment of colonial empires26
149271128Indian National CongressPolitical party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement27
149271129Manifest DestinyConcept of U.S. territorial expansion westward to the Pacific Ocean that saw the occupation of the rest of the continent as a divine right of the American people. The term was used to justify the U.S. annexation of Oregon, New Mexico, and California and later U.S. involvement in Alaska, Hawaii, and the Philippines.28
149271130RajIn many Indian languages, it literally means Prince or Royalty though is often used to mean something more like the English term of empire and as such is often used in reference to the Mughal Raj and the British Raj: the period of direct colonial rule of India by the British Empire.29
149271131Revolution of 1905Strikes by urban workers and peasants in Russia; prompted by shortages of food and by Russia's loss to Japan in 190530
149271132Sepoy Rebellion(1857) Revolt of Indian soldiers against the British; caused by a military practice in violation of the Muslim and Hindu faiths31
149271133SepoysSouth Asian soldiers who served in the British army in India32
149271134Social DarwinismThe application of Darwin's philosophy of natural selection to human society33
149271135Spanish-American War(1898) Conflict between the U.S. and Spain that began the rise of the U.S. as a world power. The U.S. gained possession of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as a result.34

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