States of Consciousness
Terms : Hide Images
| 6782710839 | consciousness | our awareness of ourselves and our environment | 0 | |
| 6782710840 | circadian rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle | 1 | |
| 6782710841 | REM sleep | rapid eye moment sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active | 2 | |
| 6782710842 | alpha waves | the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state | 3 | |
| 6782710843 | sleep | periodic, natural loss of consciousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation | 4 | |
| 6782710844 | hallucinations | false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus | 5 | |
| 6782710845 | delta waves | the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep | 6 | |
| 6782710846 | NREM sleep | non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep | 7 | |
| 6782710847 | insomnia | recurring problems in falling or staying asleep | 8 | |
| 6782710848 | narcolepsy | a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times | 9 | |
| 6782710849 | sleep apnea | a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings | 10 | |
| 6782710850 | night terrors | a sleep disorder characterized by a high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered | 11 | |
| 6782710851 | dream | a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it | 12 | |
| 6782710852 | manifest content | according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content) | 13 | |
| 6782710853 | latent content | according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content) | 14 | |
| 6782710854 | REM rebound | the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep) | 15 | |
| 6782710855 | hypnosis | a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings thoughts or behaviors will spontaneously occur | 16 | |
| 6782710856 | posthypnotic suggestions | a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors | 17 | |
| 6782710857 | dissociation | a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others | 18 | |
| 6782710858 | psychoactive drug | a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods | 19 | |
| 6782710859 | tolerance | the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect | 20 | |
| 6782710860 | withdrawal | the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug | 21 | |
| 6782710861 | physical dependence | a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued | 22 | |
| 6782710862 | psychological dependence | a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions | 23 | |
| 6782710863 | addiction | compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences | 24 | |
| 6782710864 | depressants | drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce activity and slow body functions | 25 | |
| 6782710865 | barbiturates | drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment | 26 | |
| 6782710866 | opiates | opium and its derivatives, (such as morphine and heroin); they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety | 27 | |
| 6782710867 | stimulants | drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up the body functions | 28 | |
| 6782710868 | amphetamines | drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes | 29 | |
| 6782710869 | methamphetamine | a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels | 30 | |
| 6782710870 | ecstasy (MDMA) | a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition | 31 | |
| 6782710871 | hallucinogens | psychedlic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perception and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input | 32 | |
| 6782710872 | LSD | a powerful hallucigenic drug; also known as acid | 33 | |
| 6782710873 | near-death experience | an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations | 34 | |
| 6782710874 | THC | the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations | 35 | |
| 6782710875 | homeostasis | a state of psychological equilibrium obtained when tension or a drive has been reduced or eliminated | 36 | |
| 6782710876 | activation-synthesis theory | theory that dreams reflect inputs from brain activation originating in the pons, which the forebrain then attempts to weave into a story | 37 | |
| 6782710877 | biofeedback | a training program in which a person is given information about physiological processes (heart rate or blood pressure) that is not normally available with the goal of gaining conscious control of them | 38 | |
| 6782710878 | meditation | the act of deep thinking or reflection | 39 | |
| 6782710879 | William Dement | Sleep researcher who discovered and coined the phrase "rapid eye movement" (REM) sleep. | 40 | |
| 6782710880 | Sigmund Freud | considered dreams the key to understanding our inner conflict | 41 | |
| 6782710881 | Ernest Hilgard | believed hypnosis invovles not only social influences but also a special state of dissociation | 42 |
