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Unit 5 Flashcards

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319840633Revoutionan overthrow or repudiation and the through replacement of an established government or political system by the people governed0
319840634ImperialismA policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.1
319840635SepoysTroops that served the British East India Company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India.2
319840636Monopolyexclusive control or possession of something3
319840637ModernizationThe process of reforming political, military, economic, social, and cultural traditions in imitation of the early success of Western societies, often with regard for accommodating local traditions in non-Western societies.4
319840638Political Reformsa reform in the political structure of a country/state/entity5
319840639CapitulationsAgreements with European powers that gave European bankers and merchants unfair advantages in the Empire6
319840640Humanitarian valuesvalues that promote better conditions for people throughout the world.7
319840641"Effective Occupation"a principle in international law that territory and other property remains with its possessor at the end of a conflict, unless provided for by treaty8
319840642Concessions in coloniesColonies yielding the argument against them. conceding for the imperialists9
319840643ColonialismAttempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.10
319840644Cash cropscrops, such as tobacco, sugar, and cotton, raised in large quantities in order to be sold for profit11
319840645Business cyclerecurring fluctuations in economic activity consisting of recession and recovery and growth and decline12
319840646ExtraterritorialityRight of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation.13
319840647Treatiesformal agreements between the governments of two or more countries14
319840648Abolitionthe act of abolishing a system or practice or institution (especially abolishing slavery)15
319840649Industrializationthe development of industries for the machine production of goods16
319840650Social DarwinismThe application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion.17
319840651Sanitation Systemslate nineteenth century; the advances of the Industrial Revolution and the discovery of the germ theory of disease brought about public health measures that, building upon the importance of good hygiene and sanitation, culminated in the rise of the scientific era of medicine18
319840652Nation-stateA state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality19
319840653Liberalisman economic theory advocating free competition and a self-regulating market and the gold standard20
319840654Middle ClassA social class usually made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers21
319840655Victorianof or relating to Queen Victoria of Great Britain or to the age in which she ruled22
319840656Indentured ServantsPeople who could not afford passage to the colonies could become indentured servants. Another person would pay their passage, and in exchange, the indentured servant would serve that person for a set length of time (usually seven years) and then would be free.23
319840657Laissez-faire capitalisman economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and operated for profit with minimal or no government interference24
319840658Socialisma political theory advocating state ownership of industry25
319840659Labor unionan organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members26
319840660Marxismthe economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will untimately be superseded27
319840661Free-trade imperialismEconomic dominance of a weaker country by a more powerful one, while maintaining the legal independence of the weaker state. In the late nineteenth century, free-trade imperialism characterized the relations between the Latin American republics.28
319840662SuffrageThe legal right to vote, extended to African Americans by the Fifteenth Amendment, to women by the Nineteenth Amendment, and to people over the age of 18 by the Twenty-sixth Amendment.29
319840663Natural Rightsthe idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property30

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