Terms : Hide Images
| 331726052 | Great Depression | the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s | 0 | |
| 331726053 | Buying on Margin | Purching stock with a little money down with the promise of paying the balance at sometime in the future | 1 | |
| 331726054 | The New Deal | The programs and policies to promote economic recovery and social reform introduced during the 1930s by President Franklin D. Roosevelt | 2 | |
| 331726055 | Economic Nationalism | is a term used to describe policies which emphasize on domestic control of the economy, labor and capital formation, even if this requires the imposition of tariffs and other restrictions on the movement of labor, goods and capital. | 3 | |
| 331726056 | John Maynard Keynes | British economist who argued that for a nation to recovery fully from a depression, the govt had to spend money to encourage investment and consumption | 4 | |
| 331726057 | New Economic Policy | Policy proclaimed by Vladimir Lenin in 1924 to encourage the revival of the Soviet economy by allowing small private enterprises. Joseph Stalin ended the N.E.P. in 1928 and replaced it with a series of Five-Year Plans. (See also Lenin, Vladimir.) (p. 766) | 5 | |
| 331726058 | Joseph Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition | 6 | |
| 331726059 | 5 Year Plans | Stalin outlined the first of several Five-Year Plans for the development of the Soviet Union's economy. The Five-Year Plans set impossibly high quotas, or numerical goals, to increase the output of steel, coal, oil, and electricity. To reach these targets, the government limited production of consumer goods. As a result, people faced severe shortages of housing, food, clothing, and other necessary goods. | 7 | |
| 331726060 | Collectivization | combining small farms into large, factory-like farms run by the government. | 8 | |
| 331726061 | The Great Purge | Josef Stalin's rein of terror on the Soviet Union, Time period when all opposition to the communist government under Stalin were sent to labor camps. | 9 | |
| 331726062 | Fascism | a political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition | 10 | |
| 331726063 | Adolf Hitler | This dictator was the leader of the Nazi Party. He believed that strong leadership was required to save Germanic society, which was at risk due to Jewish, socialist, democratic, and liberal forces. | 11 | |
| 331726064 | Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. (p. 786) | 12 | |
| 331726065 | Anti-Semitism | prejudice against Jews | 13 | |
| 331726066 | India National Congress | a political association formed in 1885 by educated Indians to work for Indian self-gov't; they wanted to be treated as equally as the British treated their own white settlers; they wanted complete independence | 14 | |
| 331726067 | Mohandas Gandhi | A philosopher from India, this man was a spiritual and moral leader favoring India's independence from Great Britain. He practiced passive resistance, civil disobedience and boycotts to generate social and political change. | 15 | |
| 331726068 | The India Act | was created so that people could gather across the country and talk about problems or things that need fixing (only british approved ppl) | 16 | |
| 331726069 | Three Principles of the People | sun yixian 1. nationalism (end foreign domination) 2. democracy (create a democratic govt.) 3.livelihood (jobs) | 17 | |
| 331726070 | Mao Zedong | This man became the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and remained its leader until his death. He declared the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and supported the Chinese peasantry throughout his life. | 18 | |
| 331726071 | Chiang Kai-shek | General and leader of Nationalist China after 1925. Although he succeeded Sun Yat-sen as head of the Guomindang, he became a military dictator whose major goal was to crush the communist movement led by Mao Zedong. (p. 788) | 19 | |
| 331726072 | Nationalism | love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it | 20 | |
| 331726073 | Imperialism | A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically. | 21 | |
| 331726074 | Self-determination | the ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will | 22 | |
| 331726075 | Gavrilo Princip | Member of a terrorist organization called The Black Hand. Helped to end the optimistic Progressive era in America. Murdered Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife. Wanted to set Bosnia free from Austria-Hungary | 23 | |
| 331726076 | Schlieffen Plan | Attack plan by Germans, proposed by Schliffen, lightning quick attack against France. Proposed to go through Belgium then attack France, Belgium resisted, other countries took up their aid, long fight, used trench warfare. | 24 | |
| 331726077 | Western Front | In WWI, the region of Northern France where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other. | 25 | |
| 331726078 | No man's Land | A strip of land beween the trenches of opposing armies along the Western Front during WW1 | 26 | |
| 331726079 | Total War | the channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort | 27 | |
| 331726080 | Propaganda | information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause | 28 | |
| 331726081 | 21 Demands | Japan also took advantage of the war to advance its imperialist designs on China. On January 18, 1915, the Japanese presented to the Chinese government the Twenty-One Demands, which would have turned china into Japan's political and economic protectorate. In effect, Japan insisted on virtually direct control over Manchuria, eastern Inner Mongolia, and the Shantung Peninsular and demanded a monopoly of iron ore and coal mining in the Yantze valley. Japan also "requested" the right to build railroads in the southern China and to share control over Chinese police units and arsenals. China capitulated on nearly all points on May 15, 1915. | 29 | |
| 331726082 | Treaty of Versailles | the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans | 30 | |
| 331726083 | Vladimir Lenin | Founder of the Russian Communist Party, this man led the November Revolution in 1917 which established a revolutionary soviet government based on a union of workers, peasants, and soldiers. | 31 | |
| 331726084 | Bolsheviks | Led by Vladimir Lenin it was the Russian communist party that took over the Russian goverment during WWI | 32 | |
| 331726085 | The October Revolution | The October Revolution in Russia also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, is traditionally dated to November 6 and 7, 1917, (some sources say october 25th, 1917) The October Revolution was the second phase of the overall Russian Revolution of 1917, after the February Revolution of the same year. The October Revolution overthrew the Russian Provisional Government and gave the power to Bolsheviks. It was followed by the Russian Civil War (1917-1920) and the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922. | 33 | |
| 331726086 | Mandate System | Allocation of former German colonies and Ottoman possessions to the victorious powers after World War I, to be administered under League of Nations supervision. (p. 770) | 34 | |
| 358897416 | Mukden incident | a "Chinese" attack on a Japanese railway near the city of Mukden (had actually been carried out by Japanese soldiers disguised as Chinese); used by Japan as an excuse to seize Manchuria | 35 | |
| 358897417 | Rape of Nanjing | Japanese attack on Chinese capital from 1937-1938 when Japanese aggressorts slaughtered 100,000 civilians and raped thousands of women in order to gain control of China | 36 | |
| 358897418 | Battle of Britain | an aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. | 37 | |
| 358897419 | Operation Barbarossa | codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II. | 38 | |
| 358897420 | Holocaust | A methodical plan orchestrated by Hitler to ensure German supremacy. It called for the elimination of Jews, non-conformists, homosexuals, non-Aryans, and mentally and physically disabled. | 39 | |
| 358897421 | The Truman Doctrine | Truman's attempt to contain communism to Russia and places already occupied by the Red Army. This doctrine included the Marshall Plan as well as asking congress for military aid in Greece and Turkey. | 40 | |
| 358897422 | The Marshall Plan | (HT) , 1947, by George Marshall, against "hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos" a massive aid package offered by US they gave food and economic assistance to europe to help countries rebuild | 41 | |
| 358897423 | NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries | 42 | |
| 358897424 | Warsaw Pact | treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania | 43 | |
| 358897425 | Yalta Conference | FDR, Churchill and Stalin met at Yalta. Russia agreed to declare war on Japan after the surrender of Germany and in return FDR and Churchill promised the USSR concession in Manchuria and the territories that it had lost in the Russo-Japanese War | 44 | |
| 358897426 | Mikhail Gorbachev | Head of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His liberalization effort improved relations with the West, but he lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe. (p. 863) | 45 | |
| 358897427 | Perestroika | a policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society | 46 | |
| 358897428 | Glasnost | Policy of openness initiated by Gorbachev in the 1980s that provided increased opportunities for freedom of speech, association and the press in the Soviet Union. | 47 | |
| 358897429 | Global Barbie | feelings differ around the world about Barbie, Iran found the American Barbie immoral and created their own with robes and veils and portrayed her to be a submissive mother. | 48 | |
| 358897430 | Pan-American Cultures | a movement which, through diplomatic, political, economic and social means, seeks to create, encourage and organize relationships, associations and cooperation between the states of the Americas in common interests. | 49 | |
| 358897431 | Migrant Communities | groups who move to jobs | 50 | |
| 358897432 | Nongovernmental Organizations | Nonprofit international organizations devoted to investigating human rights abuses and providing humanitarian relief. Two NGOs won the Nobel Peace Prize in the 1990s: International Campaign to Ban Landmines (1997) and Doctors Without Borders (1999). | 51 | |
| 358897433 | Cold War | A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted eachother on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years. | 52 | |
| 358897434 | Iron Curtain | a political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eatern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region | 53 | |
| 358897435 | Containment Policy | established by the Truman administration in 1947 to contain Soviet influence to what it was at the end of World War II. | 54 | |
| 358897436 | Nikita Khrushchev | ruled the USSR from 1958-1964; lessened government control of soviet citizens; seeked peaceful coexistence with the West instead of confrontation | 55 | |
| 358897437 | Divided Germany | At first, Germany was divided into four zones of occupation: France, US, Britain, and USSR. Eventually it split into west and east germany, democratic and communist, respectively. | 56 | |
| 358897438 | Arms Race | Cold war competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union to build up their respective armed forces and weapons | 57 | |
| 358897439 | Korean War | The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea. | 58 | |
| 358897440 | Bay of Pigs | In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure. | 59 | |
| 358897441 | Cuban Missile Crisis | an international crisis in October 1962, the closest approach to nuclear war at any time between the U.S. and the USSR. When the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba, President John F. Kennedy demanded their removal and announced a naval blockade of the island; the Soviet leader Khrushchev acceded to the U.S. demands a week later. | 60 | |
| 358897442 | Fidel Castro | Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927) | 61 | |
| 358897443 | Nonalignment | policy that did not favor either the united states or the soviet union during the cold war | 62 | |
| 358897444 | Black Nationalism | a belief in the separate identity and racial unity of the African American community | 63 | |
| 358897445 | Civil Rights Movement | a social movement in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s, in which people organized to demand equal rights for African Americans and other minorities. People worked together to change unfair laws. They gave speeches, marched in the streets, and participated in boycotts. | 64 | |
| 358897446 | Partition | A division into parts, like the 1947 division of the British colony of India into nations of India and Pakistan. | 65 | |
| 358897447 | Globalization | The trend toward increased cultural and economic connectedness between people, businesses, and organizations throughout the world. | 66 | |
| 358897448 | Berlin Airlift | airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin | 67 | |
| 358897449 | Jawaharlal Nehru | Indian statesman. He succeeded Mohandas K. Gandhi as leader of the Indian National Congress. He negotiated the end of British colonial rule in India and became India's first prime minister (1947-1964). | 68 | |
| 358897450 | Feminist Movement | Sought various legal and economic gains for women, including equal access to professions and higher education; came to concentrate on right to vote; won support particularly from middle-class women; active in Western Europe at the end of the 19th century; revived in light of other issues in the 1960s. | 69 | |
| 358897451 | The Feminine Mystique | written by Betty Friedan, journalist and mother of three children; described the problems of middle-class American women and the fact that women were being denied equality with men; said that women were kept from reaching their full human capacities | 70 | |
| 358897452 | Frantz Fanon | Earliest significant theorist of black identity - Justifies black revolution vs. white society on basis of Existentialism and Marxism | 71 | |
| 358897453 | Charles de Gaulle | French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970) | 72 | |
| 358897454 | Marshal Tito | Yugoslav statesman who led the resistance to German occupation during World War II and established a communist state after the war (1892-1980) | 73 | |
| 358897455 | Juan Peron | President of Argentina (1946-1955, 1973-1974). As a military officer, he championed the rights of labor. Aided by his wife Eva Duarte Per?n, he was elected president in 1946. He built up Argentinean industry, became very popular among the urban poor. | 74 | |
| 358897456 | Apartheid | a social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites | 75 | |
| 358897457 | Iranian Revolution | Mullahs (religious leaders) overthrow the US backed Shah and establish a theocracy (religious government) that hated the US | 76 | |
| 358897458 | Iran-Iraq War | The war began when Iraq invaded Iran on September 22 1980 following a long history of border disputes and fears of Shia insurgency among Iraq's long suppressed Shia majority influenced by Iran's Islamic revolution. | 77 | |
| 358897459 | Mao Zedong | This man became the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and remained its leader until his death. He declared the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and supported the Chinese peasantry throughout his life. | 78 | |
| 358897460 | Little Tigers | Massive postwar economic expansion, slowed in 1990s: Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan imitate Japanes strategies | 79 | |
| 358897461 | OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; international cartel that inflates price of oil by limiting supply; Venezuela, Saudi Arabia and UAE are prominent members | 80 | |
| 358897462 | GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; international trade organization ehtat encourages free trade by lowering tariffs and other trade restrictions | 81 | |
| 358897463 | Potsdam Conference | The final wartime meeting of the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union was held at Potsdamn, outside Berlin, in July, 1945. Truman, Churchill, and Stalin discussed the future of Europe but their failure to reach meaningful agreements soon led to the onset of the Cold War. | 82 | |
| 358897464 | Appeasement | Satisfying the demands of dissatisfied powers in an effort to maintain peace and stability. (Hitler & the Nazis) | 83 | |
| 358897465 | Nazi-Soviet Pact | A secret agreement between the Germans and the Russians that said that they would not attack each other | 84 | |
| 358897466 | Blitzkrieg | "Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland n 1939 | 85 | |
| 358897467 | Kamikaze | a fighter plane used for suicide missions by Japanese pilots in World War II | 86 | |
| 358897468 | Atomic Bombs | The United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; the led the Japanese to surrender and helped bring and end to WWII | 87 | |
| 358897469 | Final Solution | final solution of the Jewish question-murder of every single Jew-had begun-mass arresting, and trafficking of Jews to the concentration camps-mass killings occurred as well in the gas chambers | 88 |
