Unit 8 Evolution, Natural Selection, and Speciation
Terms : Hide Images
| 726210651 | Charles Darwin | "Father of Evolution" He suggested the theory of Natural Selection | |
| 726210652 | Natural Selection | The process by which those organisms best suited to their environment will survive and reproduce | |
| 726210653 | Evolution | Change in a population over time | |
| 726210654 | Theory | A scientifically acceptable general principle or body of principles offered to explain phenomena | |
| 726210655 | 3 Factors that Cause Natural Selection to Take Place | 1. Overpopulation 2. Survival of the Fittest 3. Variation | |
| 726210656 | Artificial Selection | A technique in which a breeder selects particular traits; can cause divergent evolution to occur | |
| 726210657 | Divergent Evolution | When related populations or species become more and more dissimiliar (example different breeds of dogs) | |
| 726210658 | Adaptation | Anything that helps an organism to survive and preproduce in its environment | |
| 726210659 | Mimicry | The resemblance of one organism to another or to an object in its surroundings to be hidden and protected from predators (Example: Bird poop Catepillar) | |
| 726210660 | Camouflage | Favorable coloration which helps many organisms escape predation (Example: Owl that is the same color as a tree) | |
| 726210661 | Structural Adaptations | Physical trait thats helps an organism survive and reproduce | |
| 726210662 | Behavioral Adaptations | Specific behaviors that helps an organism survive and reproduce | |
| 726210663 | Examples of Structrual Adaptations | Mimicry and Camouflage | |
| 726210664 | Examples of Behavioral Adaptations | Hibernation, Estivation, Migration and mating rituals | |
| 726210668 | Examples of Evidences of Evolution | Fossils, Embryology, Homologuous Body Structures, Vestigial Organs and Biochemistry | |
| 726210669 | Fossil | Remains of organism or their imprint that have been preserved by natural processes | |
| 726210670 | Relative Age Dating | Events are placed in their proper sequence or order without knowing their absolute age in years | |
| 726210671 | Law of Superposition | Younger rocks are deposited on top of older rocks | |
| 726210672 | Absolute Age Dating | The age of a rock can be estimated by analyzing the element it contains | |
| 726210673 | Embryology | The study of the formation , early growth and development of living organisms | |
| 726210674 | Homologous Body Structure | Sturcture looks and functions differently but comes from the same part of the embryo (Example: Arm, wing and fin) | |
| 726210675 | Vestigial Organs | Structure with no useful purpose (Example: Appendix) | |
| 726210676 | Biochemistry | Most orgnaims have exact same chemical compounds (Examples DNA and ATP) | |
| 726210677 | Adaptive Radiation | Different species have traits with different structures and functions that allow them to live in many different environments (Example: Darwin's Finches) | |
| 726210678 | Cladogram | Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms | |
| 726210679 | Species | Organisms that have the ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature | |
| 726210680 | Speciation | The evolution of a new species | |
| 726210682 | Types of Isolation | Geographic, Reproductive, Behavioral and Temporal | |
| 726210683 | Geographic Isolation | Occurs if a physical barrier separates a population into groups which prevents interbreeding and gene exchange | |
| 726210684 | Reproductive Isolation | Inability of a speices to breed succesfully with related species due to geographical, behavior, physiological or genetic barriers or differences | |
| 726210685 | Behavior Isolation | Isolating mechansim in which two speices living in the same area do not mate because of differences in courtship behavior | |
| 726210686 | Temporal Isolation | Populations may mate or flower at different seasons or different times of day | |
| 726210687 | Jean Lamarck | Suggested the selective use or disuse of organs; organisms acqured or lost certain traits during their lifetime and then pass trait onto their offspring. |
