1900-1917
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| 138765856 | Henry Street Settlement | women settlement house in NY that works to create a community of reform. nurse in public schools, purity of milk, tuberculosis treatment. full ofeducated women who support eachother in political and cultural activities | |
| 138765857 | Jane Addams | settlement house pioneer. said that dorms are solution to social and industrial problems. founded Hull House | |
| 138765858 | Florence Kelley | leader of settlement house movement and influencial political figure in progressive era. published "Hull House Maps and Papers" which was the first scientific study of urban poverty in Am. inspires Illinois law that limits women to 8hrs/day, kids under 14 cant work, and abolished tenement labor | |
| 138765859 | Progressivism | believed that Am needed new social consciousness to deal with problems from economic and social change in post-civil war decades. reform communities. it fought to end corruption in government and business, and worked to bring equal rights of women and other groups that had been left behind during the industrial revolution. | |
| 138765860 | Hull House | one the the 1st settlement houses. founded by Jane Addams in chicago. had day nursery, dispensary for medicine, boarding house, art gallery and musical school. its main purposes were to provide social and educational opportunities for working class people in the neighborhood | |
| 138765861 | Dem Party Machines | dominated by first and second generation Irish. controlled political life of most large american cities. organization and delivery of essential services to immigrant communities an business elite in exchange for votes | |
| 138765862 | Honest Graft | making money from inside infor on public improvements. defended by George Washinton Plunkitt who was a stallwart of Tammany Hall | |
| 138765863 | Timothy "Big Tim" Sullivan | invested in Vaudeville and movie business. embodied the popluar machine style. informally taxed saloons, theaters, and restaurants in NYs lower E Side to give away shoes and feed families for free during winter | |
| 138765864 | Robert M. La Follette | forged coalition of angry farmers, small businessmen, and workers w/ attacks on RRs and other large corportations. aka "Fighting Bob". came up with Wisconsin Idea-> amke state govnt more professional | |
| 138765865 | Muckraking | urban poverty, political corruption, plight of industrial workers, and immoral business practices stories were uncovered. Jacob Riis "How the other half lives" pictures of NYs poor had a powerful impact on urban reformers | |
| 138765866 | Lincoln Steffen | "Shame of the Cities" series in 1902 revealed graft at center of urban politics. fueled reform campaigns. showed how big-city bosses worked with businessmen seeking municipal contracts | |
| 138765867 | Ida Tarbell | "History of Standard Oil Company" showed how Rockafeller squeezed out competitors with unfair business practices | |
| 138765868 | Upton Sinclair | "The Jungle" exposed filthy sanitation and bysmal working condition ins stockyards and meat packing industry | |
| 138765869 | Roosevelt | coined term muckrakers referring to David Phillips who wrote " Treason of Senate". McKinley assassinated so now he's president. during spanish-am war, led rough riders in Cuba. said rich should serve, guide, and inspire less fortunate. loved outdoors. good at guiding public opionion. | |
| 138765870 | Lester Frank Ward | sociologist who wrote "Dynamic Sociology" which offered cirtique of social darwinism. sad it was wrongly applied to human affairs. said that they confused organic evolution with social evolution. | |
| 138765871 | John Dewey | philosopher who criticized formal approach to eduation. "School and sociaty" and "Democracy and education". prooted creative intelligency in students which could improce society | |
| 138765872 | Lochner v NY | court struck down a state law setting 10hr work day for bakers. Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr said constitution doesnt embody a praticular theory. pragmatic views influenced lawyers to practice sociological jurisprudency | |
| 138765873 | Muller v Oregon | courtr upheld Oregon law limiting maximum hrs for working women | |
| 138765874 | Gemeinschaft to Gesellschaft | from static, closeknit, morally unified community to a dynamic, impersonal, morally fragmented society. described, by German social theorist Ferdinand Tonnies, the evolution of W society | |
| 138765875 | eugenics | biological theories of english scientist Francis Galton. study of inherited traits more than environmental conditions. human society is bettered by breeding best and limiting the worst | |
| 138765876 | WCTU | appealed to women angered by men who drank and then abused their wives and kids. wanted to end production. sale, and consumption of alcohol. provides women a political forum | |
| 138765877 | Pietists | viewed world from position of moral absolutism. native born, middleclass protestants. opponents of alcohol. | |
| 138765878 | ritualists | less arbitrary notions of personal morality. opponents of prohibiton. wokring class catholic an jew immigrants | |
| 138765879 | white slave traffic | dozens of books. articles, and motion pictues alleged international conspiracy to seduce nd sell girls into prostitution | |
| 138765880 | Mann Act | federal offense to trasnport women across state lines for "immoral purposes" | |
| 138765881 | nickelodeon | theaters that offered programs with slapstick comdey, western, travelogue, and melodrama for 5-10 cents. attracted tenement and immigrant districts, kids, and middleclass | |
| 138765882 | Smith-Huges Act of 1917 | provides federal grants to support the HS prgrams and set up federal board for vocational edcation | |
| 138765883 | barrios | distinct community of Mexicans throughout TX, cali, new mexico, AZ, and CO. El Paso is an example. higher rates of disease and infant mortality | |
| 138765884 | The Uprising | 20,000 striked garment industry. manufacturers hired thugs and prositutues to beat up pickets. dramatic meeting at cooper union hall. strikers demanded union recognition, better wages, and safer sanitary conditions. after 3 months w/out union recognition, they returned to work. opened doors to women involvement | |
| 138765885 | Triangle Shirtwaist Company | fire spread. dorrs locked from outside so workers cant escape. 146 dead. Kelley and Big Tim Sullivan created a NY state factory investigation commission which led to laws improvin safety and limited hrs of women and kids | |
| 138781392 | soldiering | slowing down. newcomers learned that this spread out the work | |
| 138781393 | united mine workers | led strike in colorado coal fields and called for safety, better wages, adn recognition of union. national guard sent to keep order. strike bankrupted the state. LUDLOW MASSACRE: guardsmen surrounded tent colonies where the strikers lived at Ludlow. shots fired. miners ran out of ammunition. troops burned village and killed 14. aroused protests against policies of colrado fuel and iron | |
| 138781394 | Openshop | new name for work place where unions werent allowed. national association of manufacturers launched open shop campaign to eradicate unions | |
| 138781395 | Danbury Hatter's Case | Loewe v Lawler. ruled that secondary boycotts, aimed by strikers at other companies doing business with their employer, were illegal under Sherman Anit-trust Act | |
| 138781396 | Industrial wokers of the world (IWW) | leaders of western federation of miners(socialist party) and various radical groups gathered in chicago and said workers and employers have nothin gin common and need to abolish wage system | |
| 138781397 | Willima D "Big Bill" Haywood | most infulencial spokesemen for IWW. denounced AFT for conservative emphasis on organizing skilled workers by trade | |
| 138781398 | Village Bohemians | challenged double standard of victorian morality, rejected marriage, adn advocated birth control. national symbol for rebellion and merger of political and cultural radicalism. anyone with artistic/ intellectual aspirations and rejected norms | |
| 138781399 | Margaret Sanger | birth control activist who found audiance at "Village" parties and events. "women rebel" magazine. "Family limitation" pamphlet. | |
| 138781400 | Emma Gouldman | anarchist and feminist. magazine "Mother Earth".was imprisoned several times in the years that followed, for "inciting to riot" and illegally distributing information about birth control | |
| 138781401 | birthcontrol | contraceptives and info about it. margaret sanger coined the term | |
| 138781402 | voluntary motherhood | right to say no to a husbands secual demands | |
| 138781403 | Benjamin Tillman | denounced Af Ams as wild beasts. US Senator from SC | |
| 138781404 | "The Clansman" | thomas dixon's novel. described af ams in degrading way | |
| 138781405 | Booker T Washington | most infulencial black leader of the day. born slave, educated at Hampton Institute. Founded Tuskegee Institute(black school devoted to industrial and moral education). stressed self-reliance. | |
| 138781406 | "Up From Slavery" | booker t washinton. narrative autobiography of self-made man | |
| 138781407 | W. E. B. Du Bois | 1st af am to receive a PhD. "Philadelphia Negro"- argued against black stereotypes. "Souls of Black Folks"- said racism is problem of century. said balcks have double soncience: african heritage and assimilate to ams. didnt like booker t washinton's ideas | |
| 138781408 | NAACP | interracial organization emerged at National Negro Conference. includes white progressives sympathetic to challenging washington's ideas. "Crisis" monthly journal. lead struggles to overturn legal and economic barriers to = opportunity | |
| 138781409 | trustbusting | Roosevelt's reputation est'd by N securities v US(Sherman anti-trust act) | |
| 138781410 | Hempburn Act | strengthened ICC by setting max RR rates and inspected financial records. expanded regulatory power of govnt | |
| 138781411 | Pure Food and Drug Act | est'd FDA(food and drug admin. tested and apporved drugs before they went on the market). | |
| 138781412 | John Muir | founder of modern environmentalist movement. defended value of wilderness. drivin force behind Yosemite Act of 1890. President of Sierra Club which fought to protext wilderness and Yellowstond National Park | |
| 138781413 | Square Deal | Rooselelt supported it for all people. restrictions on use of injunctions against labor strikes, 8hr day for federal emplyees, and federal income and inheritant taxes | |
| 138781414 | William Howard Taft | secretary of war for Roosevelt. won 1908 election. gulf between "insurgent" progrewssives and stand pat wing split Rep party wide open. supported guaduated income tax, safety codes for mines and RRs, adn creation of choldrens bureau. but not tariff, anitrust, and conservation policies | |
| 138781415 | New Nationalism | presented strong vision of national govnt regulation and protecting various interests. by roosevelt. called for women suffrage, 8hr day, prohibiton of child labor, minimum wage for women, and stricter regulation of large corporations | |
| 138781416 | Woodrow Wilson | Dem nominee for 1912 election.. spent early coreer in academics. new freedom campaign. ambiguous. restore free competiton and =ity of economic opportunity. won election bc split in reps | |
| 138781417 | Eugene V. Debs | socialist party nominee who was the most radical choice. maily supported in trans-mississippi W. strong orator | |
| 138781418 | Underwood-Simmons Act of 1913 | lower tariff duties on varity of raw materials and maunfactured goods. wool, sugar, agricultural machinery, shoes, iron, and steel | |
| 138781419 | 16th Amendment | gave congress power to levy taxes on income. imposed 1st graduated tax on personal incomes up to 6% | |
| 138781420 | Clayton Antitrust act of 1914 | replaced Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 as nation's basic antitrust law. exempted unions from being illegal combinations in restraint of trade. forbade federal courts to issue injuntions against strikers | |
| 138781421 | Federal Trade Commission (FTC) | gave federal govnt same reguatory control over corportaions as ICC had on RRs |
