U.S History Test Chpt 10-12 Study Q
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| 243561662 | Wilmot Proviso | Bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the War with Mexico | 0 | |
| 243561663 | Popular Sovereignty | People hold the final authority in all matters of government Slave or Free State | 1 | |
| 243561664 | Conscience Whigs | Whigs, usually in the north, who opposed slavery | 2 | |
| 243561665 | Cotton Whigs | Opposed Conscience Whigs; Whigs for slavery | 3 | |
| 243561666 | Compromise of 1850 | Includes California admitted as a free state, the Fugitive Slave Act, Made popular sovereignty in most other states from Mexican- American War | 4 | |
| 243561667 | Henry Clay | Senator of KY, tried to get Cali in Union, wanted Missouri Compromise | 5 | |
| 243561668 | Stephen Douglas | Big supporter of popular sovereignty | 6 | |
| 243561669 | Fugitive Slave Act | a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders | 7 | |
| 243561670 | Transcontinental Railroad | California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west | 8 | |
| 243561671 | Gadsden Purchase | purchase of land from mexico in 1853 that established the present U.S.-mexico boundary | 9 | |
| 243561672 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | Undo Missouri Compromise and make Kansas slave and Missouri free | 10 | |
| 243561673 | Charles Sumner | Fiery abolitionist accusing pro-slavery senators of forcing Kansas slave | 11 | |
| 243561674 | Republican Party | Those mad at Kansas-Nebraska act and antislavery | 12 | |
| 243561675 | Dred Scott | Slave brought into free territory and brought to court, but lost because he was black | 13 | |
| 243561676 | Lecompton Constitution | Would accept Kansas as a slave state but was vetoed by HOR | 14 | |
| 243561677 | Freeport Doctrine | Said people can keep out slavery by refusing to pass laws needed to enforce it | 15 | |
| 243561678 | John Brown | Antislavery man who led rebellion and killed many. Tried and hanged | 16 | |
| 243561679 | Crittenden Compromise | Would divide north and south into sections for slavery | 17 | |
| 243561680 | Fort Sumter | Beginning of civil war. No casualties. | 18 | |
| 243561681 | Martial law | When military takes over local | 19 | |
| 243561682 | Robert E. Lee | First and only Confederate president | 20 | |
| 243561683 | Tredegar Iron Works | Only Southern factory that could make weapons | 21 | |
| 243561684 | Thaddeus Stevens | Leader of the radical republicans who didn't want to reconcile with South | 22 | |
| 243561685 | Radical Republicans | Did not want southerners to regain power or be able to be reconciled | 23 | |
| 243561686 | Andrew Johnson | Lincoln's vice-president who took over his assassination and tried restoration | 24 | |
| 243561687 | Wade-Davis Bill | Plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office for anyone who had fought for the Confederacy | 25 | |
| 243561688 | Freedmen's Bureau | Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War | 26 | |
| 243561689 | Black Codes | Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves | 27 | |
| 243561690 | 14th Amendment | Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws | 28 | |
| 243561691 | Military Reconstruction Act | It divided the South into five military districts that were commanded by Union generals. It was passed in 1867. It ripped the power away from the president to be commander in chief and set up a system of Martial Law | 29 | |
| 243561692 | Tenure of Office Act | 1866 - enacted by radical congress - forbade president from removing civil officers without senatorial consent - was to prevent Johnson from removing a radical republican from his cabinet | 30 | |
| 243561693 | 15th Amendment | citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude | 31 | |
| 243561694 | Carpetbagger | Northerners who sold goods to southerners after the war | 32 | |
| 243561695 | Scalawag | Southerner supporting Reconstruction policies after the Civil War usually for self-interest | 33 | |
| 243561696 | Ku Klux Klan | Anti black klan | 34 | |
| 243561697 | Whiskey Ring | A group of officials were importing whiskey and using their offices to avoid paying the taxes on it, | 35 | |
| 243561698 | Enforcement Acts | Three acts passed by Congress allowing the government to use military force to stop violence against southern African Americans. | 36 | |
| 243561699 | Sin taxes | taxes imposed on products that many people consider "sinful," such as liquor, cigarettes, and gambling. | 37 | |
| 243561700 | Rutherford B. Hayes | Republican nomination in election of 1877 who wasn't affiliated with Grant | 38 | |
| 243561701 | Samuel Tilden | Democratic nomination in election of 1877 | 39 | |
| 243561702 | Compromise of 1877 | Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river | 40 | |
| 243561703 | New South | New plan for South that had industrial economy | 41 | |
| 243561704 | Tenant farmers | A poor farmer who did not own land and had to live on and work the land of others, either for wages or a share of the crop they produced | 42 | |
| 243561705 | Sharecroppers | People who rent a plot of land from another person, and farm it in exchange for a share of the crop | 43 | |
| 243561706 | Greenbacks | Name for Union paper money not backed by gold or silver. Back was green | 44 | |
| 243561707 | War Democrats | Wanted to restore pre-war America and keep slavery | 45 | |
| 243561708 | Copperheads | Peace Democrats who didn't want a war | 46 | |
| 243561709 | Conscription | Forcing of people into military service | 47 | |
| 243561710 | Trent Affair | In 1861 the Confederacy sent emissaries James Mason to Britain and John Slidell to France to lobby for recognition. A Union ship captured both men and took them to Boston as prisonners. | 48 | |
| 243561711 | Attrition | Total war where you force the enemy to lose all their provisions. | 49 | |
| 243561712 | Winfield Scott | General in chief of US who developed Anaconda Plan | 50 | |
| 243561713 | 1st Manassas | Union defeat that showed North that they need more training | 51 | |
| 243561714 | Thomas J. Jackson | Confederate commander who helped the South win Bull Run. Nicknamed the "Stonewall" and soldiers under his command were called "foot calvary" | 52 | |
| 243561715 | David G. Farragut | Union commander who captured New Orleans | 53 | |
| 243561716 | U.S. Grant | Union general who wanted to take control of Cumberland and Tennessee River | 54 | |
| 243561717 | George McClellan | Lead Union in East on Peninsula and didn't do very well | 55 | |
| 243561718 | Antietam | Bloodiest battle in Civil War, crucial win for Union | 56 | |
| 243561719 | Emancipation Proclamation | Freeing all enslaved persons in states in rebellion | 57 | |
| 243561720 | 54th Massachusetts | First officially recognized African American regiment | 58 | |
| 243561721 | Florence Nightingale | British nurse that inspired women in war | 59 | |
| 243561722 | U.S. Sanitary Commission | It also funneled medicine and supplies to badly overtaxed hospitals during the Civil War. It also helped spread ideas about the importance of sanitary conditions in hospitals and clinics. | 60 | |
| 243561723 | Andersonville | Most infamous prison in south | 61 | |
| 243561724 | Henry Wirz | Only person executed for war crimes in Civil war because of Andersonville | 62 | |
| 243561725 | Vicksburg | Important Union victory that cut the Confederacy in two | 63 | |
| 243561726 | Gettysburg | Turning point in the war that knocked out 1/3 of Confederacy | 64 | |
| 243561727 | Pickett's Charge | Southern attack that destroyed the Confederate army | 65 | |
| 243561728 | William T. Sherman | Union general who took a march to the sea and destroyed all in the way | 66 | |
| 243561729 | Petersburg | Union reached this city and decided to siege it because it was heavily guarded | 67 | |
| 243561730 | 13th Amendment | Abolished slavery - What Amendment. | 68 | |
| 243561731 | John Wilkes Booth | Guy who killed Abraham Lincoln | 69 | |
| 243561732 | Reconstruction | Rebuilding America after the war | 70 | |
| 243561733 | Amnesty | Pardon to the southerners after the war | 71 |
