Pearson U.S History Textbook
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| 551681731 | Wilmot Proviso | "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any" lands won from Mexico | 0 | |
| 551681732 | Free-Soil Party | Led by Martin Van Buren, this party's main goal was to keep slavery out of the western territories | 1 | |
| 551681733 | Popular Sovereignty | A policy stated that voters in a territory- not Congress- should decide whether or not to allow slavery there | 2 | |
| 551681734 | Secede | To break away | 3 | |
| 551681735 | Compromise of 1850 | Political agreement that allowed California to be admitted as a free state by allowing popular sovereignty in the territories and enacting a structure fugitive slave law | 4 | |
| 551681736 | Fugitive Slave Act | Law that required all citizens to aid in apprehending runaway slaves | 5 | |
| 551681737 | Personal Liberty Laws | These statuses nullified the Fugitive Slave Act and allowed the state to arrest slave catchers for kidnapping | 6 | |
| 551681738 | Underground Railroad | A loosely organized network which Northern abolitionists and free black people risked their lives and safety to help enslaved people escape to freedom | 7 | |
| 551681739 | Harriet Tubman | One of the most courageous Underground Railroad conductors who was a Maryland-born fugitive slave | 8 | |
| 551681740 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | Publisher of Uncle Toms Cabin who was the "little woman who started the big war" | 9 | |
| 551681741 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | Created potential for slavery in Kansas and Nebraska territories by allowing for popular sovereignty. This caused further division and led to the creation of the Republican Party. | 10 | |
| 551681742 | John Brown | A New York abolitionist who carried out a midnight execution of 5 southerners . Other abolitionists condemned the massacre | 11 | |
| 551681743 | Bloody Kansas | This place was named because of the fall of 1856, when violent outbreaks occurred in various locales around Lawrence because of the slavery issue | 12 | |
| 551681744 | Know-Nothings | A political party strongly against immigration. Called this because members responded "I know nothing"when questions about were asked about the organization | 13 | |
| 551681745 | Republican Party | Founded in 1854, this party opposed slavery and opposed the Kansas-Nebraska act | 14 | |
| 551681746 | Dred Scott | A Missouri slave who had sued for his freedom. The court ruled against his reasoning which sharply divided the country | 15 | |
| 551681747 | Roger B. Taney | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in 1857 who made the final decision in the Dred Scott issue | 16 | |
| 551681748 | Abraham Lincoln | "Honest Abe"A Republican who ran against Stephen A. Douglas to be the head of the U.S Senate but lost | 17 | |
| 551681749 | Stephen A. Douglas | "Little Giant" Had characteristics opposite of Lincoln and his critiques questioned his motives | 18 | |
| 551681750 | Harpers Ferry | John Brown picked this location because it was a hub of trains and canals. He hoped that slaves would join a revolution that would destroy slavery - but this failed | 19 | |
| 552627131 | Jefferson Davis | A Mississippi senator who convinced Congress to adopt resolutions restricting federal control over slavery in the territories | 20 | |
| 552627132 | John C. Breckinridge | A Southern Democrat who was committed to expanding slavery into the territories | 21 | |
| 552627133 | Confederate States of America | The seven seceding states who formed their own Constitution in February 1861 | 22 | |
| 552627134 | Crittenden Compromise | A failing compromise made by John Crittenden to allow slavery in western territories south of the Missouri Compromise line and have federal funds reimburse slaveholders for unreturned fugitives | 23 | |
| 552627135 | Fort Sumter | This Union fort guarded the harbor at Charleston, S.C. It was attacked by Confederates which started the Civil War | 24 | |
| 556097254 | Blockade | Sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering. The South was vulnerable to a blockade since they did not have a navy like the north did. | 25 | |
| 556097256 | Robert E. Lee | The Confederate general from Virginia who actually opposed secession and slavery | 26 | |
| 556097258 | Anaconda Plan | The Union plan created by General Winfield Scott to suffocate the South by blockade on the East Coast and the Mississippi River | 27 | |
| 556097260 | Border State | States such as Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, and Maryland which allowed slaves but had not joined the Confederacy | 28 | |
| 556097262 | Stonewall Jackson | A Confederate general who refused to yield to the Union armies at the Battle of Bull Run or the Battle of Manassas | 29 | |
| 556097264 | George B. McClellan | The Union commander who was cautious and careful with taking action | 30 | |
| 556097267 | Ulysses S. Grant | A general who pursued the Mississippi Valley wing of the Anaconda Plan - his part was successful | 31 | |
| 556097269 | Shiloh | This battle horrified both the North and the South because so many soldiers died. It also damaged Grant's rising reputation | 32 | |
| 561714424 | Contraband | Captured war supplies - a northern general called fugitive slaves this instead of taking them as people | 33 | |
| 561714425 | Antietam | This battle marked the bloodiest single day of the civil war | 34 | |
| 561714426 | Emancipation Proclamation | This military decree freed all enslaved people in states still in rebellion after January 1, 1863 | 35 | |
| 561714427 | Militia Act | Congress passed this which mandated black soldiers be accepted into the military | 36 | |
| 561714428 | 54th Massachusetts Regiment | This was an all black military group which was established in Boston | 37 | |
| 563915147 | Siege | A military tactic in which an army surrounds, bombards, and cuts of all supplies to an enemy position in order to force its surrender | 38 | |
| 563915148 | Vicksburg | The siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi was a Union victory in 1863 | 39 | |
| 563915149 | Gettysburg | A battle that lasted three days and was the bloodiest battle ever fought on American soil. Lee's battered men ultimately lost the battle because they went back to VA | 40 | |
| 563915150 | George Pickett | A Confederate general whose name refers to the failure of "Pickett's Charge," the strategy used by the South which led to the end of Gettysburg | 41 | |
| 563915151 | Gettysburg Address | Lincoln's speech which described the Civil War as a struggle to fulfill the Declaration of Independence | 42 | |
| 563915152 | Total War | Involves striking civilian as well as military targets | 43 | |
| 563915153 | William Tecumseh Sherman | The Union total-war strategist who took Atlanta and Savannah Georgia | 44 | |
| 563915154 | Mathew Brady | A journalist and photographer who was famous for his work called "The Dead at Antietam," which showed graphic images of the effects of war | 45 | |
| 577945722 | Reconstruction | The federal government struggled with how to return the eleven southern states to the Union, rebuild the South's ruined economy, and promote the rights of former slaves | 46 | |
| 577945723 | Radical Republican | Including Thaddeus Stevens and Senator Charles Sumner who insisted that the Confederates had committed crimes- by enslaving African Americans and by entangling the nation in war | 47 | |
| 577945724 | Wade-Davis Bill | This bill which was passed in 1864, required that a majority of a state's prewar voters swear loyalty to the Union before the process of restoration could begin | 48 | |
| 577945725 | Freedmen's Bureau | Provided food, clothing, health care, and education for both the black and white refugees in the South | 49 | |
| 577945726 | Andrew Johnson | Lincoln's vice president who assumed presidency after his death. He had no sympathy for African Americans, and just wanted to restore the Union. | 50 | |
| 577945727 | Black Codes | Laws that sought to limit the rights of African Americans and keep them as landless workers | 51 | |
| 577945728 | Civil Rights Act of 1866 | Grants citizenship to African Americans and outlaws black codes | 52 | |
| 577945729 | Fourteenth Amendment (1868) | Guarantees citizenship to African Americans and prohibits states from passing laws to take away a citizen's rights | 53 | |
| 577945730 | Impeach | To charge a president with wrongdoing in office | 54 | |
| 577945731 | Fifteenth Amendment (1870) | States that no citizen can be denied the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" | 55 | |
| 578121174 | Scalawag | White men who had been locked out of pre-Civil War politics by their wealthier neighbors | 56 | |
| 578121175 | Carpetbagger | Northerners who came seeking to improve their economic or political situations or to help make life better for freedman. They're named for their carpet-cloth suitcases | 57 | |
| 578121176 | Segregation | Separation of the races especially in the public school system | 58 | |
| 578121177 | Integration | Combining races especially in schools | 59 | |
| 578121178 | Sharecropping | A landowner dictated the crop and provided the sharecropper with a place to live, as well as seeds and tools, in return for a "share," of the harvested crop | 60 | |
| 578121179 | Share-Tenancy | The farmworker chose what crop he would plant and brought his own supplies, then gave a share of the crop to the landowner | 61 | |
| 578121180 | Tenant Farming | The most independent arrangement of farming where the tenant paid cash rent to a landowner and then was free to choose and manage his own crop | 62 | |
| 578121181 | Ku Klux Klan | A group of white southerners which formed in Tennessee in 1866 that terrorized African Americans | 63 | |
| 578121182 | Enforcement Acts | This act made it a federal offense to interfere with a citizen's right to vote | 64 |
