US History II American Pageant 7th ed Chapter 22
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| 308640705 | Andrew Johnson _______all "rebel" leaders | pardoned in 1868 Congress removed civil disabilities 1898 (30 years later) Davis only in prison 2 years, no treason trial held. | |
| 308640706 | South after war | Broken Economic life creaked to halt. Transportation system broken down completely. Agriculture-crippled Slave-labor system collapsed | |
| 308640707 | Attitude of many southerns | View of secession was correct and "lost cause" was a just war. | |
| 308640708 | Many blacks found selves | Freed and then re-enslaved when union troops left | |
| 308640709 | 1863 | Lincoln announces 10 percent reconstruction plan | |
| 308640710 | 1864 | Lincoln vetoes Wade-Davis bill | |
| 308640711 | 1865 | Lincoln assassinated Johnson issues Reconstruction proclamation. Congress refuses to seat Southern Congressmen. Freedmen's Bureau established Southern states pass Black Codes. | |
| 308640712 | 1866 | Congress passes Civil Rights bill over Johnson's veto. Cognress passes 14th amendment Johnson backed candidates lose congressional election. Ex parte Milligan case. Ku Klux Klan formed | |
| 308640713 | 1867 | Reconstruction Act Tenure of Office Act. US purchases Alaska from Russia | |
| 308640714 | 1868 | Johnson impeached and acquitted. Johnson pardons confederate leaders | |
| 308640715 | 1870 | 15th amendment | |
| 308640716 | 1870-1871 | Force Acts | |
| 308640717 | 1872 | Freedmen's Bureau ended | |
| 308640718 | 1877 | Reconstruction ends | |
| 308640719 | Tens of thousands of emancipated blacks | Took to roads to test freedom, some searching for family Whole communities moved together in search of opportunity. 1878-1880 about 25k blacks from Lousiania, Texas, and Mississippi surged in a mass exodus to Kansas | |
| 308640720 | Church became | Focus of black community life in years following emancipation. | |
| 308640721 | Black churches | Grew robustly | |
| 308640722 | Mutual aid societies | Self-help groups to aid sick or injured workers Rose from black churches | |
| 308640723 | Former slaves skills | Woefully inadequate to deal with every day life No education Could not handle financies Solution: Congress created Freedmen's Bureau 1865 | |
| 308640724 | Freedmen's Bureau 1865 | Intended to be a kind of primitive welfare agency. Provide food, clothing, education to freedmen and to white refugees. Authorized to distribute up to 40 acres of abandoned or confiscated land to black settlers. Headed by General O. O Howard (founder of Howard Univ) Taught 200k blacks how to read Little confiscated Confederate land actually passed into black hands. Andrew Johnson tried to kill Bureau many times. | |
| 308640725 | Women from North | Were enthusiastic to be teachers in south and teach in Freedmen's Bureau schools | |
| 308640726 | Andrew John | -Born to impoverished parents in N Carolina, orphaned early -Apprenticed to tailor at 10 -Taught self school -Elected to Congress, refused to secede with Tennessee. -Appointed war governor of Tennessee after it was partially liberated by army -Southerner who did not understand North. Not trusted by South. -Democrat pushed into Republican White House. | |
| 308640727 | 10% Plan | This was Lincoln's reconstruction plan for after the Civil War. Written in 1863, it proclaimed that a state could be reintegrated into the Union when 10% of its voters in the 1860 election pledged their allegiance to the U.S. and pledged to abide by emancipation, and then formally erect their state governments. This plan was very lenient to the South, would have meant an easy reconstruction. | |
| 308640728 | 1864 Wade-Davis bill | Congress's reaction -South occupied with military government -50% oath & for office, 2nd iron-clad oath -Accept Black suffrage & 13th Amendment Lincoln pocket vetoed Episode revealed differences among Moderate and Radical Republicans | |
| 308640729 | John granted | pardons in abundance | |
| 308640730 | Black Codes | -forbade black to serve on jury or vote -Some barred blacks from renting or leasing land | |
| 308640731 | Sharecropper | A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops. | |
| 308690542 | Johnson speeches | Inept, yelled at crowds. Led to 2/3 Republican representation in congress. | |
| 308690543 | Reconstruction Act | -Congress passed in 1867 -Divided South into 5 military districts, each commanded by Union General -States had to ratify 14th Amendment to get into Union. | |
| 308690544 | Women after reconstruction | Did not get right to vote | |
| 308690545 | Scalawag | A white Southerner who supported Republican reconstruction after the Civil War | |
| 308690546 | Carpetbagger | A Northerner who moved to the South after the Civil War; hence, any politician who relocates for political advantage. -Most were former Union soldiers and Northern businessmen and professionals who wanted to play a role in modernizing the "New South" | |
| 308690547 | Union League | Organized by Southern Black men -Network of political clubs that educated members in their civic duties and campaigned for Republican candidates. -Expanded to building churches and schools. -Representing black grievances before employers and governments, and recruiting militias to protect black communities from white retaliation. | |
| 308690548 | Ku Klux Klan | "Invisible Empire of the South" Founded in Tennessee 1866 | |
| 308690549 | Tenure of Office Act | Required President to secure consent of Senate before removing cabinet members -Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, holdover from Lincoln. Stanton was secretly serving as a spy and informer for the radicals. Johnson removed Stanton which allowed radicals to impeach him. Senate did not get 2/3 votes it needed to successfully impeach. Margin 1 vote. 7 Republicans did not vote against him. | |
| 308690550 | Secretary of State William Seward | Bought Alaska for 7.2 million from Russia Northerners felt obliged to buy it. | |
| 308690551 | After Reconstruction in South | bitterness Almost no republican presence for 100 years. |
