flashcards for ms cowart
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| 209995981 | Legalism | 1) In China, a political philosophy 2) that emphasized the unruliness of human nature and justified state oppression and control. The Qin elites ( 4th century BCE) used it to validate their repressive rule. The Han dynasty replaced it with a more benevolent (kind) Confucian doctrine of government moderation. | 0 | |
| 209995982 | Daoism | 1) Chinese philosophy, originated during the Warring States period with Laozi (604-531 BCE). 2) Daoism offered an alternative to Confucian emphasis oh hierarchy and duty. Daoists believed that the world is ever changing, there is no absolute morality or meaning. 3) Daoism taught to accept the world as you find it, avoid futile struggles, and deviate as little as possible from the Dao, or "path" of nature. | 1 | |
| 209995983 | Kush | 1) Egyptian name for Nubia. Kingdom south of Egypt in the early 2 millennium BCE. Deeply influenced by Egyptian culture, at times under the control of Egypt. 2) Had large deposits of gold, also traded luxury items received through Sub-Saharan Trade | 2 | |
| 209995984 | Hierarchy | a system of ranking, where each rank is subordinate to the one above it. (e.g. church hierarchy, government hierarchy, family hierarchy | 3 | |
| 209995985 | Aristocracy | 1) is an upper class; wealth is based on land ownership 2) and power is passed on from one generation to another. | 4 | |
| 209995986 | Bureaucracy | government officials. (non-elective, have specialized functions, adhere to fixed rules and a hierarchy of authority) | 5 | |
| 209995987 | Hittites | a people from central Anatolia. 1) Established an empire in Anatolia and Syria in the 2 millennium BCE. 2) Wealth based on traded metals, military power was based on chariot forces. 3) Competed with Egypt for control of Syria-Palestine. 4) Fell to unidentified invaders ca. 1200 BCE | 6 | |
| 209995988 | First Temple | 1) monumental sanctuary built in Jerusalem 2) by the King Solomon 3) in the 10th century BCE 4) to be the religious center for Israelites | 7 | |
| 209995989 | Phonicians | 1) People from the coast of Lebanon and Syria, in the first millennium BCE. 2) Phoenician merchants and sailors explored the Mediterranean, 3) engaged in long-distance trade, 4) established colonies (Carthage | 8 | |
| 209995990 | Carthage | 1) city located in present-day Tunisia, founded by Phoenicians ca. 800 BCE. 2) Major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean 3) until destroyed by the Romans in 146 BCE | 9 | |
| 209995991 | Neo-Babylonian kingdom | 1) Babylon AGAIN became a major political and cultural center in the 7-6th centuries BCE. 2) King Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem and deported Jews to Babylon | 10 | |
| 209995992 | satrap | the governor of a province in the Persian Empire, often a relative to the king. Responsible for protection of the province and forwarding tribute to the central administration. Satraps in outlying provinces enjoyed considerable autonomy (self-rule). | 11 | |
| 209995993 | tyrant | term used by the Greeks to describe someone who seized and held power in violation of the normal procedures and traditions of the community, 6-7th centuries BCE. Weakened old elites, reflected interests of the emerging middle class | 12 | |
| 209995994 | democracy | 1) system of government 2) in which all "citizens" (however defined) have equal political and legal rights, privileges and protections. E.g. Greek city-state of Athens, 5th-4th centuries BCE. | 13 | |
| 209995995 | Herodotus | 1) Greek historian in the 5th century BCE. Traveled in western Asia and the Mediterranean, 2) recorded causes, events and the results of the Persian Wars between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire. 3)Started the Western tradition of historical writing | 14 | |
| 209995996 | Alexander the Great | 1) King of Macedonia in northern Greece, 4th century BCE. 2)Conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, 3) founded many Greek-style cities and spread Greek culture across western Asia. After his death, his massive empire broke into many kingdoms ruled by his former generals. | 15 | |
| 209995997 | Hellenistic Age | 1) period from 323 to 30 BCE, 2) in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great. The period ended with the fall of the last major Hellenistic Kingdom to Rome, but Greek cultural influence remained until the spread of Islam in the 7th century | 16 | |
| 209995998 | Hellenistic Synthesis | 1) blending of Greek and local cultures (Persian, Egyptian, Assyrian) on the territories conquered by Alexander's armies. 2) As a result a distinct new culture emerged. (Hellenistic culture) | 17 |
