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| 385598900 | Samurai | a Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy | 0 | |
| 385598901 | Sassanian Empire | Persian Empire which continued Persian traditions but instituted the Zoroastrian religion as the state religion. | 1 | |
| 385598902 | Self Determination | the ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will | 2 | |
| 385598903 | Seleucid | This Empire began in 281 BC, from the eastern conquests of Alexander the Great. This new empire controlled much of the inland territory of the Persian kings. The Empire was never able to exploit the potential manpower resources of their vast territory. Key strength in the Army during the Third Syrian War was the arrangement of soldiers who got land from the king and owed military service in return. | 3 | |
| 385598904 | Serfdom | Lords in Eastern Europe revived serfdom to combat increasing economic challenges. Lords demanded that kings and princes issue laws restricting or eliminating peasants' right of moving freely | 4 | |
| 385598905 | Shogun | the head of the military government of Japan in the era of the samurai | 5 | |
| 385598906 | Siddhartha Guatma | Founder of Buddhism. Sat under the budhai tree | 6 | |
| 385598907 | Silk Roads | the most famous of the trading routes established by pastoral nomads connecting the European, Indian, and Chinese; transmitted goods and ideas among civilizations | 7 | |
| 385598908 | Simon Bolivar | The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. | 8 | |
| 385598909 | Simone de Beauvoir | French author of The Second Sex. She argued for women's rights and was also a prominent figure in the existentialist movement. She died in 1986. | 9 | |
| 385598910 | Socrates | philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong; asked students pointed questions to make them use their reason, later became Socratic method | 10 | |
| 385598911 | Song Dynasty | (960 - 1279 AD); this dynasty was started by Tai Zu; by 1000, a million people were living there; started feet binding; had a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); first to have paper money, explosive gun powder; *landscape black and white paintings | 11 | |
| 385598912 | Songhay | successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Niger valley; formed as independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali | 12 | |
| 385598913 | Sparta | Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts | 13 | |
| 385598914 | Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) | 14 | |
| 385598915 | Sui Dynasty | The short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China | 15 | |
| 385598916 | Surrealism | a 20th century movement of artists and writers (developing out of Dadaism) who used fantastic images and incongruous juxtapositions in order to represent unconscious thoughts and dreams | 16 | |
| 385598917 | Swahili | a Bantu language with Arabic words spoken along the East African coast | 17 | |
| 385598918 | Taj Mahal | beautiful mausoleum at Agra built by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan (completed in 1649) in memory of his favorite wife | 18 | |
| 385598919 | Tang Dynasty | dynasty often referred to as China's Golden age that reigned during 618 - 907 AD; China expands from Vietnam to Manchuria | 19 | |
| 385598920 | Tenochtitlan | Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Its population was about 150,000 on the eve of Spanish conquest. Mexico City was constructed on its ruins. (p. 305) | 20 | |
| 385598921 | Teotihuacan | A powerful city-state in central Mexico (100-75 C.E.). Its population was about 150,000 at its peak in 600. | 21 | |
| 385598922 | Tokugawa Japan | shoguns retained power trough a hostage system, the spouses and children of important families were kept at the capital, society was organized into four social classes, time known as great peace. | 22 | |
| 385598923 | Trans Saharan Trade Route | Trade routes through the Saharan desert, from West Africa to North Africa, where further trading could take place in other countries (once again mainly Europe). The quickest way of traveling from W. Africa to N. Africa, but dangerous if you did not know your way. | 23 | |
| 385598924 | Treaty of Brest Litovsk | treaty in which Russia lost substantial territory to the Germans. This ended Russian participation in the war. | 24 | |
| 385598925 | Treaty of Versailles | Created by the leaders victorious allies Nations: France, Britain, US, and signed by Germany to help stop WWI. The treaty 1)stripped Germany of all Army, Navy, Airforce. 2) Germany had to rapair war damages(33 billion) 3) Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causing WWI 4) Germany could not manefacture any weapons. | 25 | |
| 385598926 | Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology | 26 | |
| 385598927 | Umayyad Empire | 661-750 *Beginning of Golden Age of Islam; conquered Sind & Indus River Valley; incorporated it as province to expand empire | 27 | |
| 385598928 | Untouchables | LOWEST LEVEL OF INDIAN SOCIETY; not considered a real part of the caste system; often given degrading jobs; their life was extremely difficult | 28 | |
| 385598929 | Vasco de Gama | A Portugese sailor who was the first European to sail around southern Africa to the Indian Ocean | 29 | |
| 385598930 | Velvet Revolution | A peaceful protest by the Czech people that led to the smooth end of communism in Czechoslovakia. | 30 | |
| 385598931 | Versailes Palace | built during the reign of Louis XIV is the quintessential baroque structure | 31 | |
| 385598932 | VOC | The Dutch East India Co. in 1602. was felt in Southeast Asia, where spices, Cofee, tea, and teak were attempted to be monopolized by the Dutch to challenge Spanish and Portuguese authority and trade. | 32 | |
| 385598933 | War Communism | in World War I Russia, government control of banks and most industries, the seizing of grain from peasants, and the centralization of state administration under Communist control | 33 | |
| 385598934 | World Bank | A specialized agency of the United Nations that makes loans to countries for economic development, trade promotion, and debt consolidation. Its formal name is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. | 34 | |
| 385598935 | Xia Dynasty | This was the earliest known dynasty. There is no written evidence of this early time period, but artifacts have been found. The people of this time were farmers and made pottery. | 35 | |
| 385598936 | Yasser Arafat | Palestinian statesman who is chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (born in 1929) | 36 | |
| 385598937 | Yellow Turban Rebellion | A major Chinese peasant revolt that began in 184 C.E. and helped cause the fall of the Han dynasty. | 37 | |
| 385598938 | Young Turks | Young rebellious people in the Ottoman Empire who forced the Sultan to reform | 38 | |
| 385598939 | Yuan Dynasty | Dynasty in China set up by the Mongols under the leadership of Kublai Khan, replaced the Song (1279-1368) | 39 | |
| 385598940 | Zheng He | An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa. (pp. 355, 422) | 40 | |
| 385598941 | Zhou Dynasty | the imperial dynasty of China from 1122 to 221 BC; notable for the rise of Confucianism and Taoism | 41 | |
| 385598942 | Zoroaster | a Persian prophet, lived around 600 B.C. taught that the earth is a battleground where a great struggle if fought between the spirit of good and the spirit of evil, founder of Zoroasterianism | 42 |
