The Post-Classical World, 500-1450
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| 8392149897 | Bedouin | nomadic pastoralists of the Arabian peninsula with a culture based on herding camels and goats | 0 | |
| 8392149898 | Mecca | Arabian commercial center; dominated by the Quraysh; the home of Muhammad and the future center of Islam | 1 | |
| 8392149899 | Medina | town northeast of Mecca; asked Muhammad to resolve its intergroup differences; Muhammad's flight to Medina, the hijra, in 622 began the Muslim calendar | 2 | |
| 8392149900 | Umayyad | clan of the Quraysh that dominated Mecca; later an Islamic dynasty | 3 | |
| 8392149901 | Muhammad | (570-632); prophet of Allah; originally a merchant of the Quraysh | 4 | |
| 8392149902 | Qur'an | the word of god as revealed through Muhammad; made into the holy book of Islam | 5 | |
| 8392149904 | Five Pillars | the obligatory religious duties for all Muslims; confession of faith, prayer, fasting during Ramadan, zakat, and hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) | 6 | |
| 8392149905 | Caliph | the successor to Muhammad as head of the Islamic community | 7 | |
| 8392149907 | Abu Bakr | succeeded Muhammad as the first caliph | 8 | |
| 8392149908 | Jihad | Islamic holy war | 9 | |
| 8392149909 | Sunnis | followers of the majority interpretation within Islam; included the Umayyads | 10 | |
| 8392149910 | Shi'a | followers of Ali's interpretation of Islam | 11 | |
| 8392149913 | Abbasids | dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads in 750; their capital was at Baghdad | 12 | |
| 8392149916 | Dhows | Arab sailing vessels; equipped with lateen sails; used by Arab merchants | 13 | |
| 8392149917 | Seljuk Turks | nomadic invaders from central Asia; staunch Sunnis; ruled from the 11th c. in the name of the Abbasids | 14 | |
| 8392149920 | Sufis | Islamic mystics; spread Islam to many Afro-Asian regions | 15 | |
| 8392149921 | Mongols | central Asian nomadic peoples; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed the last Abbasid caliph | 16 | |
| 8392149922 | Chinggis Khan | (1162-1227); Mongol ruler; defeated the Turkish Persian kingdoms | 17 | |
| 8392149924 | Arabic numerals | Indian numerical notation brought by the Arabs to the West | 18 | |
| 8392149926 | Malacca | flourishing trading city in Malaya; established a trading empire after the fall of Shrivijaya | 19 | |
| 8392149927 | Mali | state of the Malinke people centered between the Senegal and Niger rivers | 20 | |
| 8392149928 | Mansa | title of the ruler of Mali | 21 | |
| 8392149929 | Ibn Battuta | Arab traveler throughout the Muslim world | 22 | |
| 8392149931 | Songhay | successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of the Niger valley; capital at Gao | 23 | |
| 8392149932 | East African trading ports | urbanized commercial centers mixing African and Arab cultures; included Mogadishu, Mombasa, Malindi, Kilwas, Pate, and Zanzibar | 24 | |
| 8392149933 | Great Zimbabwe | with massive stone buildings and walls, incorporates the greatest early buildings in sub-Saharan Africa | 25 | |
| 8392149934 | Greek Fire | Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when exposed to water; used to drive back the Arab fleets attacking Constantinople | 26 | |
| 8392149935 | Icons | images of religious figures venerated by Byzantine Christians | 27 | |
| 8392149936 | Iconoclasm | the breaking of images; religious controversy of the 8th c; Byzantine emperor attempted, but failed, to suppress icon veneration | 28 | |
| 8392149938 | Cyril and Methodius | Byzantine missionaries sent to convert eastern Europe and Balkans; responsible for creation of Slavic written script called Cyrillic | 29 | |
| 8392149939 | Kiev | commercial city in Ukraine established by Scandinavians in 9th c; became the center for a kingdom that flourished until 12th c | 30 | |
| 8392149941 | Vladmir I | ruler of Kiev (980-1015); converted kingdom to Orthodox Christianity | 31 | |
| 8392149942 | Russian Orthodoxy | Russian form of Christianity brought from Byzantine Empire | 32 | |
| 8392149973 | Southern Song | smaller surviving dynasty (1127-1279); presided over one of the greatest cultural reigns in world history. Fell to the Mongols in 1276 and eventually taken over in 1279. | 33 | |
| 8392149974 | Grand Canal | great canal system begun by Yangdi; joined Yellow River region to the Yangtze basin | 34 | |
| 8392149975 | Junks | Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, stern-post rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula | 35 | |
| 8392149976 | Flying money | Chinese credit instrument that provided vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of a venture; reduced danger of robbery; an early form of currency | 36 | |
| 8392149977 | Footbinding | male imposed practice to mutilate women's feet in order to reduce size; produced pain and restricted movement; helped to confine women to the household; seen a beautiful to the elite. | 37 | |
| 8392149978 | Taika reforms | attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolutist Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army | 38 | |
| 8392149980 | Bushi | regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies | 39 | |
| 8392149981 | Samurai | mounted troops of the bushi; loyal to local lords, not the emperor | 40 | |
| 8392149985 | Shoguns | military leaders of the bakufu | 41 | |
| 8392149987 | Sinification | extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions | 42 | |
| 8392149989 | Trung Sisters | leaders of a rebellion in Vietnam against Chinese rule in 39 CE; demonstrates importance of women in Vietnamese society | 43 | |
| 8392149992 | Chinggis Khan | born in 1170s; elected supreme Mongol ruler (khagan) in 1206; began the Mongols rise to world power; died 1227 | 44 | |
| 8392149993 | Shamanistic religion | Mongol beliefs focused on nature spirits | 45 | |
| 8392149995 | Golden Horde | one of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after death of Chinggis Khan; conquered and ruled Russua during the 13th and 14th c | 46 | |
| 8392149996 | Ilkhan khanate | one of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol empire after the death of Chinggis Khan; eventually included much of Abbasid empire | 47 | |
| 8392149999 | Kubilai Khan | grandson of Chinggis Khan; conquered China; established Yuan dynasty in 1271 | 48 | |
| 8392150000 | White Lotus Society | secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty | 49 | |
| 8392150002 | Ming Dynasty | replaced Mongal Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted large trade expeditions to southern Asia and Africa; later concentrated on internal development within China | 50 | |
| 8392150005 | Silk Road Trade system |  | 51 | |
| 8392150006 | Kingdom of Mali |  | 52 | |
| 8392150009 | Champa Rice | tributary gift from Vietnam to China, led to population increase | 53 | |
| 8392150010 | Diasporic communities | merchant communities that introduced their own cultures into other areas | 54 | |
| 8392150011 | Trans Saharan trade | Dominated my Muslims in 13th century after rise of Islamic caliphates.. |  | 55 |
| 8392150012 | Effect of Muslim conquests | collapse of other empires, mass conversion | 56 | |
| 8392150013 | Tang Dynasty | followed Sui, established tributary states in Vietnam and Korea, influence Japan, Established strong Buddhist and Confucian presence | 57 | |
| 8392150015 | Indian Ocean Maritime Trade |  | 58 | |
| 8392150016 | Cities that rose during this time due to increased trade | Novgorod, Constantinople, Timbuktu | 59 | |
| 8392150017 | Timbuktu | trade center of Mali, cosmopolitan city that saw the blending of many different cultures and people | 60 | |
| 8392150018 | New forms of monetization | Checks, Bills of Exchange | 61 | |
| 8392150019 | Bantu Migrations |  | 62 | |
| 8392150020 | footbinding | began during Tang/Song era, demonstrates objectification and oppression of women, abolished during Yuan and brought back during Ming |  | 63 |
| 8392150021 | Marco Polo | traveler/merchant from Europe who spend 17 years at court of Kublai Khan | 64 |
