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Weiten's Chapter 1: The Evolution of Psychology Flashcards

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1603598231psychologythe study of the mind0
1603598232G.Stanley Hall-brief student of Withelm Wundut -First research lab on psychology at Johns Hopkins university, launched Americas first psychology journal, first president of the APA1
1603598233natural selectionCharles Darwin -heritable characteristics that provide a survival or reproduction advantage are more likely than alternative characteristics to be passed on to subsequent generations and thus come to be selected over time2
1604625702stream of consciousnessWilliam James -unbroken and continuous thoughts despite constant shifts and changes.3
1604625703James McKeen Cattell and John Deweybegan to investigate mental testing, patterns of development in children, the effectiveness of educational practices, and behavioral differences between the sexes.4
1604625704Lea Stetter Hollingworth-did pioneering work on adolescent development, mental retardation, and gifted children -first person to use "gifted" as a youngster with high intelligence -forced scientist to think about women as equal and not inferior to men with her expirements5
1604625705Nature vs nuturean argument that tells wether behavior is determined mainly by genetic inheritance or by environment and expirence6
1604625706stimulis-response(S-R) psychologya view of psychology to relate behaviors to observable events in the enviorement7
1604625707B.F Skinner-influenced by Ivan Palvov and John B. Watson -insisted internal mental activity could not be studied scientifically -organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes but not responses that led to neutral or negative outcomes8
1604625708person-centered therapy-Carl Rogers -identifies that each person has the capacity and desire for personal growth and change.9
1604625709applied psychologyfocuses on everyday, practical problems10
1604625710clinical psychologyfocuses on the diagnosis and treatments of psychological problems and disorders11
1604625711Association for Psychological Science (APS)advocates for the science of psychology12
1604625712Cognitionmental process involved in acquiring knowledge13
1604625713positive psychology movement-started by Martin Seligman inspired by his daughter -augured that psychology in the past dedicated too much of its time to pathology, weakness, and damage which yielded valuable insights and progress. Also said that it resulted in people forgot how make life worth living.14
1604625714positive psychologythe theory and research to better understand the positive,adaptive,creative,and fulfilling aspects of human existence15
1604625715positive subjective expirencespositive emotions16
1604625716positive individual traitspersonal strengths and virtues17
1604625717positive institutions and communitiesfocuses on how societies can have civil discourse, strong families, healthful work environments, and supportive neighborhood communities.18
1604625718developmental psychology (areas of psych.)focuses on human development across the life span such as from child development to old age19
1604625719social psychology(areas of psych.)focuses on how society affects behavior20
1604625720educational psychology(areas of psych.)focuses on how people learn and the best ways to teach them21
1604625721health psychology(areas of psych.)focuses on how psychological factors relate to physical health and the causation, prevention, and treatment of an illness.22
1604625722physiological psychology(areas of psych.)focuses on how genetic factors influence behavior and the role of the brain23
1604625723experimental psychology (areas of psych.)focuses on the traditional core topics that psychology focused heavy on when it first started24
1604625724cognitive psychology(areas of psych.)focuses on "higher" mental processes: memory, reasoning, creativity, etc.25
1604625725psychometric(areas of psych.)focuses on the measurement of behavior and capacities through psychological test; development of new techniques for statical analysis26
1604625726personality(areas of psych.)describing and understanding and individuals consistency in behavior27
1604625727epiricismthe premise knowledge should be acquired through observations28
1604625728multifactorial causation of behaviorbehavior is governed by a complex network of interacting factors29
1604625729culturerefers to customs, beliefs, values, norms, institutions, and other products of a community that are transmitted socially across generations30

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