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| 122367220 | Ivan III | 1440-1505 aka Ivan the Great prince of Duchy of Moscow claimed descent from Rurk responsible for freeing Russia from Mongols after 1462 took title of tsar or Caesar-equivalent of emperor | 0 | |
| 122367221 | Ivan IV | 1530-1584 aka Ivan the Terrible confirmed power of tsarist autocracy by attacking authority of boyars (aristocrats) continued poicy of Russian expansion est. contacts with western European commerce and culture | 1 | |
| 122367222 | cossacks | peasants recruited to migrate to newly seized lands in Russia, particularly in South conbined agriculture with military conquests spurred additional frontier conquests and settlements | 2 | |
| 122367223 | Time of Troubles | followed death of Russian tsar Ivan IV w/o heir early in 17th century boyars attempted to use vacuum of power to reestablish their authority ended with selection of Michael Romanov as tsar in 1613 | 3 | |
| 122367224 | Romanov dynasty | dynasty elected in 1613 at end of Tiem of Troubles ruled Russia until 1917 | 4 | |
| 122367225 | Alexis Romanov | second Romanov tsar (r. 1645-1676) abolished assemblies of nobles gained new powers over Russian Orthodox church | 5 | |
| 122367226 | Old Believers | Russians who refused to accept the ecclesiastical reforms of Alexis Romanov (1600s) many exiled to Siberia or sourthern Russia-became part of Russian colonization | 6 | |
| 122367227 | Peter I | aka Peter the Great son of Alexis Romanov ruled from 1689-1725 continued growth of absolutism and conquest included more definite interest in changing selected aspects of economy and culture through imitation of western European models | 7 | |
| 122367228 | Catherine the Great | German-born Russian tsarina in 18th century ruled after killing of husband gave appearance of enlightened rule accepted Western cultural influence maintained nobility as service aristocracy by granting them new power over peasantry | 8 | |
| 122367229 | Pugachev rebellion | during 1770s in reign of Catherine the Great led by cossack Emelian Pugachev-claimed to be legit tsar eventually crushed typical of peasant unrest during the 18th century and thereafter | 9 | |
| 122367230 | partition of Poland | division of Polish territory among Russia, Prussia, and Austrea in 1772, 1793, 1795 eliminated Poland as independent state part of expansion of Russian influence in eastern Europe | 10 | |
| 122367231 | Third Rome | Russian claim to be successor state to Roman and Byzantine empires; based in part no continuity of Orthodox church in Russia following fall of Constantinople in 1453 | 11 |
