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| 346968922 | ejidos | communist buildings | 0 | |
| 346968923 | Proletarian | Class of working people without access to producing property; typically manufacturing workers, paid laborers in agricultural economy, or urban poor; in Europe, product of economic changes of 16th and 17th centuries | 1 | |
| 346968924 | Anschluss | Hitler's union of Germany with the German-speaking population of Austria; took place in 198, despite complaints of other European nations | 2 | |
| 346968925 | Totalitarian | A new kind of government in the 20th century that exercised massive, direct control over virtually all the activities of its subjects; existed in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union. | 3 | |
| 346968926 | Syndicalism | Economic and political systems based on the organization of labor; imported Latin America from European political movements; militant force in Latin American politics. | 4 | |
| 346968927 | Kulaks | Agricultural entrepreneurs who utilized the Stolypin and later NEP reforms to increase agricultural production and buy additional land. | 5 | |
| 346968928 | Collectivization | Creation of large, state-run farms rather than individual holdings; allowed more efficient control over peasants; part of Stalin's economic and political planning; often adopted in other Communist regimes. | 6 | |
| 346968929 | Five-year Plan | Stalin's communist plan; goal of building up heavy industry in Russia, complete economic plan; production levels set in agriculture and industry, wages, prices, employment, and resources were controlled by the government; Stalin wanted to reform Russian agriculture without foreign capital and create a working state | 7 | |
| 346968930 | Communist Party | One class would evolve, property would all be held in common, and there would be no need for government; the central government directs all major economic decisions (based on Marx's ideas) | 8 | |
| 346968931 | "Socialist Realism" | Attempt within the USSR to relate formal culture to the masses in order to avoid the adoption of Western European cultural forms; begun under Joseph Stalin; fundamental method of Soviet fiction, art, and literary criticism. | 9 | |
| 346968932 | Cristeros | Conservative peasant movement in Mexico during the 1920s; most active in central Mexico; attempted to halt slide toward secularism; movement resulted in armed violence. | 10 | |
| 346968933 | Warlords or Military Commanders | A military commander exercising civil power in a region, whether in nominal allegiance to the national government or in defiance of it. | 11 | |
| 346968934 | Sun Yat-sen | Head of Revolutionary Alliance, organization that led 1911 revolt against Qing dynasty in China; briefly elected president in 1911, but yielded in favor of Yuan Shikai in 1912; created Nationalist party of China (Guomindang) in 1919; died in 1925 | 12 | |
| 346968935 | Germany | The Great Depression hit Germany hard; millions of people unemployed and the economy teetered on the edge of collapse; government controlled press, religion, and schools; the Germans rallied Adolf Hitler, who gained popularity by using the people concerns about employment and inflation against them. He also played on the bitterness over the Treaty of Versailles. Became the chairman of Nazi Party or National Socialist German Worker Party. Openly racist, Hitler and Nazi's took their anger out on the Jews, gypsies, and communists, disabled Anti-Semitism of the Jews would later lead to unspeakable horrors; became chief minister, in 1933 and ended democracy and established a totalitarian rule. Germany neighbor's watched uneasily as he rebuilt Germany's military strength. Formed an alliance with Italy in 1936 powerful speaker and skillful leader. Nuremburg Laws: laws against Jews Military Buildup: League of Nations does nothing....take Rhineland. | 13 | |
| 346968936 | Members of May Fourth movement | students, nationalist politicians, intellectuals, urban youth; Protests included marches, petitions, and mass boycotts of things Japanese along with pamphlets, speeches, and novels. Movement wanted to turn China into liberal democracy. (they failed) | 14 | |
| 346968937 | Allies with the Nationalist Party | Together they were known as "The Axis Powers". Major Axis powers were Germany, Japan, Italy and Minor powers: Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia | 15 | |
| 346968938 | Mao Zedong | Communist leader in revolutionary China; advocated rural reform and role of peasantry in Nationalist revolution; influenced by Li Dazhao; led Communist reaction against Guomindang purges in 1920s, culminating in Long March of 1934; seized control of all of mainland China by 1949; initiated Great Leap Forward in 1958. | 16 | |
| 346968939 | St. Petersburg | voters in Leningrad decided to change its name back to St. Petersburg at the same time that Boris Yeltsin was elected in order to return to its roots before Communism; this was the city's name before 1914 when it became Petrograd - then Leningrad after Lenin's death. | 17 | |
| 346968940 | Alexander Kerensky | Liberal revolutionary leader during the early stages of the Russian Revolution of 1917; sought development of parliamentary rule, religious freedom | 18 | |
| 346968941 | England | Allowed Canada, Australia, and New Zealand to become separate; recovered from Depression slower because of this. | 19 | |
| 346968942 | Ethiopia | Mussolini was intent on building an African empire comparable to those of the European nations. In 1935, Mussolini invaded Ethiopia which did not have a way of stopping him from invading because Ethiopia was such a weak nation without a strong army and a supply of ammunition. | 20 | |
| 346968943 | Juan D. Peron | Military leader in Argentina who became dominant political figure after militiary coup in 1943; used position as Minister of Labor to appeal to working groups and the poor; became President in 1946, forced into exile in 1955, returned and won presidency in 1973 | 21 | |
| 346968944 | Lazaro Cardenas | President of Mexico from 1934 to 1940; responsible for redistribution of land, primarily to create ejidos, or communal farms; also began program of primary and rural education. | 22 | |
| 346968945 | Korekiyo Takahashi | Minister of finance in Japan during the 1930s; increased government spending to provide jobs; created export boom and elimination of military purchasing. | 23 | |
| 346968946 | Tojo Hideki | Japanese army officer who initiated the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor; dictator of Japan in WWII, tried and executed as war criminal | 24 | |
| 346968947 | Iran | British and Soviet forces occupied Iran. American troops later entered Iran to handle the delivery of war supplies to the USSR. At the Tehran Conference in 1943 the Tehran Declaration, signed by the United States, Great Britain, and the USSR, guaranteed the independence and territorial integrity of Iran. However, the USSR, dissatisfied with the refusal of the Iranian government to grant it oil concessions, fomented a revolt in the north which led to the establishment of the People's Republic of Azerbaijan and the Kurdish People's Republic, headed by Soviet-controlled leaders. When Soviet troops remained in Iran following the expiration of a wartime treaty that also allowed the presence of American and British troops, Iran protested to the United Nations. The Soviets finally withdrew after receiving a promise of oil concessions from Iran subject to approval by the parliament. The Soviet-established governments in the north, lacking popular support, were deposed by Iranian troops late in 1946, and the paiament subsequently rejected the oil concessions | 25 | |
| 346968948 | Kellogg-Briand Pact | A treaty coauthored by American and French leaders in 1928; in principle outlawed war forever; ratified subsequently by other nations. | 26 | |
| 346968949 | New Deal | President Franklin Roosevelt's precursor of the modern welfare state (1933-1939); programs to combat economic depression enacted a number of social insureance measures and used government spending to stimulate the economy; increased power of the state and the state's intervention in U.S. social and economic life. | 27 | |
| 346968950 | May Fourth Movement | Resistance to Japanese encroachments in China began on this date in 1919; spawned movement of intellectuals aimed at transforming China into a liberal democracy; rejected Confucianism. | 28 | |
| 346968951 | Chinese Nationalist Party | established in 1912 by Sun Yat-sen.When the party was suppressed in 1913, Sun Yat-sen and his military commander escaped to Japan. In 1924, it adopted the "Three Principles of the People" (nationalism, democracy and social reform). | 29 | |
| 346968952 | Popular Front | Combination of Socialist and Communist political parties in France; won election in 1936; unable to take strong of social reform because of continuing strength of conservatives; fell from power in 1938 | 30 | |
| 346968953 | Western Europe in the mid 1920's | WWI. Everything is pretty much ruined. Was the roaring 20s; the mid 20s; interwar period. | 31 | |
| 346968954 | State of Mexican Political Organization | Dictatorship → Democracy → Fascist/Communist | 32 | |
| 346968955 | Primary Goal of Zapata's forces within the Mexican Revolution | Overthrow the current government and put himself in power; Sweeping land reforms; Education reforms | 33 | |
| 346968956 | Date of the Mexican Revolution | 1910 | 34 | |
| 346968957 | Dominant foreign power in Latin America after WW1 | USA | 35 | |
| 346968958 | Two events set in motion trends that would determine much of Latin America's history | World War I and the Mexican Revolution | 36 | |
| 346968959 | Foreign Power that was a major factor in Chinese history from the mid 1800's to 1945 | Japan | 37 | |
| 346968960 | Impact of Russian revolution of 1917 | Communism; no more tsar | 38 | |
| 346968961 | Early Chinese Marxist philosophy differed from Lenin's | China saw the peasants as the vanguard (a group of people leading the way in new developments or ideas) for communist change; Lenin looked to the working class | 39 | |
| 346968962 | Long March | Initiated by Mao Zedong; Marched 90,000 people in 1924 to go start a communist country In response to an attack on communist stronghold in south-central China | 40 | |
| 346968963 | Government actions in 1929 | Depression hit; Stock crash in NYC;Tried to cut government spending and created tariffs and also wanted debts that were owed to them repaid | 41 | |
| 346968964 | Stock Market Crash | 1929 on Black Tuesday, in New York City; On one day, many MANY investors pulled all of their money out of the stock market, plummeting the value of nearly the entire nation's economy; The effects of this spread nationwide and, eventually, worldwide, igniting the Great Depression | 42 | |
| 346968965 | Government Economic Planning under Hitler | Turned economy entirely into a command economy; Government controlled the means of production and distribution. | 43 | |
| 346968966 | Hitler's foreign and military policies | Would take small pieces of neighboring countries at a time, claiming they were rightfully part of germany. other countries let him get away with it at first because they didn't want to start another war, but then hitler decided to roll tanks and troops into Poland and goosestepping all over Europe so they declared war; Hitler built up his military big time. Reassuring other countries (Neville Chamberlain, English Prime Minister) that he would be fine with just portions of places like Czechoslovakia. = "appeasement" but then actually going and taking over the whole place anyways. | 44 | |
| 346968967 | Downfall of the first Peronist government | Holding interests of a broad base became difficult as the economy fell. Democrats dislike Peron control of press and violation of civil liberties, Industrialist were afraid of labor organization and military worried Peron would give arms to workers and cut back on military gains. The party then became more radical and turn against the Catholic church. | 45 | |
| 346968968 | The Great Depression | NYC stocks crashed; the depression was really just a huge reverse psychology, cause everything everybody did to try to fix it were the things that made it worse. It arose because of inflation and overproduction after WWI. Because people were losing money because the market got worse, people kept their money which is what caused the stocks to crash and everything just plummeted from there. If people kept spending money, the market wouldn't have failed so badly. Also affected socially as well as economically. It pretty much sucked for the whole world. | 46 | |
| 346968969 | Events in Latin America between 1914 and 1930 | Immigrants brought new political ideas, such as anarchism (to bring down the state down by general strikes to gain power) and syndicalism (want to use the organization of labor to finish their goals) Tragic Week - Argentina. Middle class entered politics. Vargas comes into power in Brazil- 1929.(Peron takes some on his ideas later on- usage of press, radio, and speeches) | 47 | |
| 346968970 | Stalin's agricultural policies | Collectivization was the creation of large state-run farms, peasants were allowed small plots of their own but were pressed to join and most were unmotivated workers which made production numbers were not as good as they should have been. Led to famine and oppression (killing or deportation) of Kulaks (wealthy large landowners). Agricultural production was a weakness in Soviet economy. | 48 |
