Wilson, James Q. "Federalism." American Government. 12th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. 50-75. Print.
Terms : Hide Images
| 1100068068 | Federalism | Government authority shared by national and local governments | 1 | |
| 1100068069 | "Necessary and Proper" Clause | section of the Constitution allowing Congress to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to its duties, and which has permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated) by the Constitution | 2 | |
| 1100068070 | Nullification | the doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution | 3 | |
| 1100068071 | Dual Federalism | doctrine holding that the national government is supreme in its sphere, the states are supreme in theirs, ad the two spheres should be kept separate | 4 | |
| 1100068072 | Police Power | state power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals | 5 | |
| 1100068073 | McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) | the Constitution's "necessary and proper" clause permits Congress to take actions (in this case, to create a national bank) when it is essential to a power that Congress has (in this case, managing the currency) | 6 | |
| 1100068074 | Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) | the Constitution's commerce clause gives the national government exclusive power to regulate interstate commerce | 7 | |
| 1100068075 | Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railroad v. Illinois (1886) | the states may not regulate interstate commerce | 8 | |
| 1100068076 | United States v. Lopez (1995) | the national government's power under the commerce clause does not permit it to regulate matters not directly related to interstate commerce (in this case, banning firearms in a school zone) | 9 | |
| 1100068077 | Initiative | process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot | 10 | |
| 1100068078 | Referendum | procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature | 11 | |
| 1100068079 | Recall | procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office | 12 | |
| 1100068080 | Grants-In-Aid | money given by the national government to the states | 13 | |
| 1100068081 | Categorical Grants | federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport | 14 | |
| 1100068082 | Conditions of Aid | terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds | 15 | |
| 1100068083 | Mandates | terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants | 16 | |
| 1100068084 | Waiver | a decision by an administrative agency granting some other part permission to violate a law or rule that would otherwise apply to it | 17 |
