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| 4976716140 | Taika reforms | Attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army. | 0 | |
| 4976716141 | Tale of Genji | Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; relates life history of prominent and amorous son of the Japanese emperor; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society. | 1 | |
| 4976716142 | Fujiwara | Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power. | 2 | |
| 4976716143 | Bushi | Regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the laws, supervised public woks projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies. | 3 | |
| 4976716144 | Samurai | Mounted troops of Japanese warrior leaders (bushi); loyal to local lords, not the emperor. | 4 | |
| 4976716145 | Seppuku | Ritual suicide or disembowelment in Japan; commonly known in West as hara-kiri; demonstrated courage and a means to restore family honor. | 5 | |
| 4976716146 | Taira | Powerful Japanese family in 11th and 12th centuries; competed with Minamoto family; defeated after Gempei Wars. | 6 | |
| 4976716147 | Minamoto | Defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei Wars and established military government (bakufu) in 12th-century Japan. | 7 | |
| 4976716148 | Gempei Wars | Waged for five years from 1180, on Honshu between Taira and Minamoto families; resulted in destruction of Taira. | 8 | |
| 4976716149 | Bakufu | Military government established by Minamoto following the Gempei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai. | 9 | |
| 4976716150 | Shoguns | Military leaders of the bakufu (military government in Japan). | 10 | |
| 4976716151 | Hojo | Warrior family closely allied with Minamoto; dominated Kamakura regime and manipulated Minamoto rulers who claimed to rule in name of Japan emperor at Kyoto. | 11 | |
| 4976716152 | Ashikaga Takuaji | Members of Minamoto family; overthrew the Kamakura regime and established the Ashikaga Shogunate from 1336-1573; drove emperor from Kyoto to Yoshino. | 12 | |
| 4976716153 | Ashikaga Shogunate | Replaced the Kamakura regime in Japan; ruled from 1336 to 1573; destroyed rival Yoshino center of imperial authority. | 13 | |
| 4976716154 | Daimyos | Warlord rulers of 300 small states following civil war and disruption of Ashikaga Shogunate; holding consolidated into unified and bounded mini-states. | 14 | |
| 4976716155 | Choson | Earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by Han emperor in 109 B.C.E. | 15 | |
| 4976716157 | Silla | Independent Korean kingdom in southeastern part of peninsula; defeated Koguryo along with their Chinese Tang allies; submitted as a vassal of the Tang emperor and agreed to tribute payment; ruled united Korea by 668. | 16 | |
| 4976716159 | Sinification | Extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions; typical of Korea and Japan; less typical of Vietnam. | 17 | |
| 4976716160 | Yi | Korean dynasty that succeeded Koryo dynasty following period of Mongol invasion; established in 1392; ruled Korea to 1910; restored aristocratic dominance and Chinese influences. | 18 | |
| 4976716161 | Khmers | Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; moved into Mekong River delta region at time of Vietnamese drive to the south. | 19 | |
| 4976716162 | Trung Sisters | Leaders of one of the frequent peasant rebellions in Vietnam against Chinese rule; revolt broke out in 39 C.E.; demonstrates importance of Vietnamese women in indigenous society. | 20 | |
| 4976716163 | Chams | Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; driven into highlands by the successful Vietnamese drive to the south. | 21 | |
| 4976716164 | Nguyen | Rival Vietnamese dynasty that arose in southern Vietnam to challenge traditional dynasty of Trinh in northern at Hanoi; kingdom centered on Red and Mekong rivers; capital at Hue. | 22 | |
| 4976716165 | Trinh | Dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi, 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in south | 23 | |
| 4977301064 | Shintoism | Religion of early Japanese culture; devotees worshipped numerous gods and spirits associated with the natural world | 24 | |
| 4977340965 | Baibars | Commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut in 1260; originally enslaved by the Mongols and sold to Europeans | 25 | |
| 4977355998 | Kubilai Khan | Grandson of Chinggis Khan; commander of Mongol forces responsible for conquest of China; established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271 | 26 | |
| 4977380516 | Chabi | Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; promoted interest in Buddhism in China; indicative of refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions | 27 | |
| 4977402579 | Hulegu | Ruler of Iikhan Khanate; grandson of Chinggis Khan; responsible for destruction of Baghdad | 28 | |
| 4977448585 | Mamluks | Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut and halted Mongol advancement | 29 | |
| 4977465455 | Prester John | In legends, a mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom was cut off from Europe by Muslim conquest; Chinggis Khan was originally believed to be this ruler. | 30 | |
| 4977507998 | Golden Horde | one of the four subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan death; covered modern central Russia; ruled by his grandson Batu | 31 | |
| 4977547338 | Chinggis Khan | elected Khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of Northern China; | 32 | |
| 4977564923 | Kuriltai | Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected | 33 | |
| 4977579425 | Ming Dynasty | Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China; initially mounted large trade expeditions in Asia; | 34 | |
| 4977605385 | Timur-i Lang | leader of Turkic nomads; series of attacks in Persia, the fertile crescent; | 35 | |
| 4977616044 | Mongols | Central Asian nomadic peoples; smashed Turko-Persian kingdoms; captured Baghdad and killed Abbasid Caliph | 36 | |
| 4977629943 | Karakorum | Capital of the Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan; | 37 | |
| 4977646577 | Ogedei | Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded Chinggis Khan as Khagan | 38 | |
| 4977662576 | White Lotus Society | Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty; | 39 | |
| 4977670720 | Ju Yuanzhang | Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan | 40 | |
| 4977685235 | The Romance of the West Chamber | Chinese novel written during the Yuan period; indicative of the continued literary vitality of China during Mongol Rule | 41 | |
| 4977716461 | marco polo | Italian traveler. With his father and uncle he traveled to China and the court of Kublai Khan via central Asia (1271-75). He eventually returned home (1292-95) via Sumatra, India, and Persia. His account of his travels spurred the European quest for the riches of the East. | 42 | |
| 4977716462 | yuan | a dynasty that ruled China ad 1259-1368, established by the Mongols under Kublai Khan. It preceded the Ming dynasty. | 43 | |
| 4977733447 | Ilkhan Khanate | formed the southwestern sector of the Mongol Empire, ruled by the Mongol House of Hulagu. | 44 | |
| 4977733448 | Khanates | formed the southwestern sector of the Mongol Empire, ruled by the Mongol House of Hulagu. | 45 | |
| 4977735567 | Muhammad Shah II | was the Shah of the Khwarezmian Empire from 1200 to 1220. His ancestor was a Turkic slave who eventually became a viceroy of a small province named Khwarizm. | 46 | |
| 4977765699 | Pavilions | a usually highly decorated projecting subdivision of a building | 47 | |
| 4977772673 | Kamakura Shogunate | was a Japanese feudal military government that ruled from 1185-1333. The heads of the government were the shoguns. The first three were members of the Minamoto clan. The next two were members of the Fujiwara clan. The last six were minor Imperial princes. | 48 | |
| 4977772674 | Onin War | was the catalyst that sparked the century long period of Japanese history known as the Sengoku Jidai, the "Age of the Country at War". | 49 | |
| 4977772675 | Kami | a divine being in the Shinto religion. | 50 | |
| 4977775161 | Son of Heaven | imperial title originating from the ancient Han Chinese emperors and subsequently adopted by other East Asian monarchs that was founded on the theoretical principle of the cosmic Mandate of Heaven. | 51 | |
| 4977775162 | Le Dynasty | the greatest and longest lasting dynasty of traditional Vietnam. . | 52 | |
| 4977777193 | Hue | a color or shade | 53 | |
| 4977777194 | Middle Kingdom | example: is what the Chinese Empire was known as historically by the Chinese, and the period of Egyptian history 2000-1785 B. C. | 54 | |
| 4977777236 | Viets | People of Vietnam | 55 | |
| 4977782172 | Heian | period, in Japanese history, the period between 794 and 1185, named for the location of the imperial capital, which was moved from Nara to Heian-kyō (Kyōto) in 794. | 56 | |
| 4977782173 | Zen Monasteries | 1. A school of Mahayana Buddhism that asserts that enlightenment can be attained through meditation, self-contemplation, and intuition rather than through faith and devotion and that is practiced mainly in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. | 57 | |
| 4977783939 | Tribute System | was the network of trade and foreign relations between China and its tributaries that helped to shape much of East Asian affairs. | 58 |
