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World Civilizations Chapter 19 Study Guide {listing} Flashcards

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679927944Which two Iberian nations created empires in Latin America during the 15th and 16th centuries?Spain and Portugal0
679927945Which European nations created plantations in the Americas?England, France, Spain, Dutch, and Portugal1
679927946What is the oldest city in the US?St. Augustine, FL2
679927947What three diseases wreaked havoc on the American Indian population?small pox, measles, and influenza3
679927948What kind of domesticated animals flourished on Spanish farms or unclaimed land in Latin America?horses, cattle, and sheep4
679927949List three Catholic religious orders that carried out the widespread conversion of Native Americans, established churches in sedentary Indian villages, and setup missions in frontier areas around nomadic peoples.Dominicans, Franciscans, and Jesuits5
679927950What was the main tropical crop grown in Brazil?sugar6
679927951What resource was first exploited by the Portuguese in Brazil?dyewood trees7
679927952Where was a royal capital established by the Portuguese in Brazil during 1549?Salvador8
679927953Where did other European nations use Brazil's model of plantation colonies in the 18th century?the Caribbean9
679927954Which hardy backwoodsmen from Sao Paulo spent the 17th century exploring Brazil's interior, capturing Indians, and searching for precious metals?Paulistas10
679927955Which port was associated with the discovery of gold in Brazil and subsequently became the capital of the colony?Rio de Janeiro11
679927956Where did much of Portugal's gold to to purchase manufactured goods?England12
679927957Which term refers to people with a mixed racial background / racial origin?castas13
679927958What was the name given to white Spaniards born in Spain?Peninsulares14
679927959What name was given to white Spaniards born in the New World?Creoles15
679927960What nation took Jamaica from Spain in 1654?England16
679927961What was causing population growth in the Americas in the late 18th century?declining mortality rate, increasing fertility levels, increased immigration from Europe, and thriving slave trade17
679984051Which large animals, that roamed the Americas had disappeared by 1942?mastadons, horses, and camels18
679984052Which animals had Native Americans domesticated by 1492?dogs, guinea pigs, fowl, and llamas19
679984053What were the beasts or burden in the Old and New World?New World - llamas, Old World - cattle20
679984054What animals did the Spanish introduce in the Caribbean during the first years of settlement?horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, goats, and pigs21
679984055Which crops did Columbus introduce to the New World on his second voyage in 1499?wheat, peas, melons, onions, grapes, olives, and sugar cane22
679984056Which crops, that Europeans had discovered in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific were brought to the Americas?bananas, coconut trees, coffee, and breadfruit23
679984057Which New World crops became essential foods in Europe?tomatoes, squash, sweet potatoes, types of beans, and peppers24
679984058Which New World luxuries became widely distributed throughout the New World?tobacco and chocolate25
679984059Which New World crops yielded more calories per acre than all the Old World grains except for rice?potatoes, maize, and manioc26
679984060Which two crops had supported the high population densities of the American civilizations?maize and potatoes27
679984061Which New World crop was well-known from Ireland to Russia by the 18th century?potato28
679984062Which New World crop became a staple across the globe?maize29
679984063Which two European diseases caused disastrous losses throughout the Americas?measles and small pox30

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