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| 7427467846 | Empire | 600BCE; Empires are states, political systems that exercise coersive power, but the term is usually reserved for large amd conquering empires who take and pillage resources from other peoples and states. It is significant, because many current day countires could technically be empires, like the united states, and a lot of major countries are based of this | 0 | |
| 7427467847 | Achaemenid Dynasty | 553-330 BCE; this was the first major Persian empire, drawing their imperial system from Babylonia and Assyria, having a gigantic empire stretching from Egypt to India, containing a population from 35-50 million people, and having governors called satraps helping lead. Their first emperor was Cyrus Significance: they were so significant, because their idea of satraps provided the basis for many empires afterwards, and their allowing of multiple cultures provided much support which was also later used. | 1 | |
| 7427467848 | Alexander the Great | (333-323 BCE) Alexander the Great was a Macedonian king/general who was able to conquer A territory stretching from Egypt to India, defeat gn the Persian empire and having his empire eventually split into 3 Significance: his conquering was able to spread and create a Hellenistic culture, which combined many cultures and helped shape many cultures still alive today. | 2 | |
| 7427467849 | Hellenistic period | (323-30 BCE) This was the mixture and contact of Greek, Indian, Egyptian, Persian, and many other cultures coming into contact with one another in cities, due to Alexander's conquering. In these areas Greek and Macedonians were about 10% of the population and were at the top of the social hierarchy eventually causing many problems. Significance: this was the first time we see a major blending of many peoples and cultures in one area, coming into constant contact with one another and having an extremely diverse population, which greatly affected the modeling of many current day societies. Also, it was the spread of Greek culture into other cultures. | 3 | |
| 7438236628 | WuDi | 124 BCE He was the first emperor or who truly fully supported the ideals of Confucius, believing highly in the civil service exam, he made the first imperial academy for people studying for the civil service exam, eventually graduated 30,000 people Significance: this civil service exam and civil service school implementation is the first time we see political officials being selected based upon their merit, ability, and morality | 4 | |
| 7531074491 | Republican government | 400 BCE The government formed by the Romans which included multiple ruling parties, with a senate, and two consuls representing the higher class, and tribunes representing the lower class Significance: this form of republican government has been the basis of many governments today, especially seen in the United States where we see the senate, as well as elected officials by the people. | 5 | |
| 7531074492 | Augustus | 27BCE-14CE The first Roman emperor who came after Julius Caesar, he unified all of Rome, but even though he was the first emperor to keep peace in the empire he kept forms of government like the senate and tribunes. Significance: this is the first time we see an imperial form of government in Rome, and this imperial for, of government will be the only form of government Rome has for the rest of it's existence. It also has great influences on Rome's future such as the government instability when there are 26 emperor in 75 years, and only 1 dies of natural causes | 6 | |
| 7531086648 | Qin Shi Huangdi | 230 BCE He was the first Chinese emperor to successfully unify China from a series of warring states to one empire. Qin Shi Huangdi was able to keep the empire unified through a new form of government called legalism which imposed harsh punishments. Also, he tried to take away power from nobles and scholars Significance: This is the first time we see an imperial China, which has great lasting affects on China as this is the form of government we see for the next 2000+ years. This establishment of imperial China also allows Chinese imperial system to be able to make resurgences after empire's collapse. | 7 | |
| 7531086649 | Legalism | 220 BCE This is the form of government used by the Qin emperor Shi Huangdi which uses strict punishment to keep everyone on line, and keep nobles and scholars in line Significance: This form of government is key, because it was one of the main reasons why the Qin empire fell and the Confucian Han dynasty rose due to anger from the nobles, peasants, and scholars | 8 | |
| 7531086650 | Han | 200 BCE- 200 CE This is the biggest Chinese empire in their history, they believed in Confucianism, were a very patriarchal and imperial state. They were able to make a lot of advancements, the golden age in Chinese history, and are the main empire China is remembered for. Significance: this is the empire which China is most remembered for, as it was the golden age. They also created the Mandate of Heaven where Ruler are believed to have descended from God. They also believed in a heavily patriarchal state which had great influence on later Chinese culture | 9 | |
| 7531086652 | Mauryan Empire | 320-190 BCE This was the first and one of the only imperial empires on India's history, ruling most of southern and central India. They were able to bind India together through an imperial system, and their most famous emperor was Asoka. Significance: This empire was one of only two imperial empires to be able to take over large parts of India, which shows the struggle of ruling which the caste system and Hinduism imposed. Since both of those set their rules it was hard for a ruler to set their rules as well. | 10 | |
| 7531086653 | Asoka | 268-232 BCE He was the major and most know emperor of the Mauryan Empire. He was Buddhist and was known for his tolerant and accepting rules which he put on pillars throughout his empire. Significance: This is one of the first times we see a complete 180 in a ruler and a ruler be very tolerant and accepting to all people. Also, it's one of the first times we see religion greatly affect a ruler, something we see a lot in later times | 11 | |
| 7531086654 | Gupta | 320-550CE This was the second of two major Indian empires. They were known for the golden age of Indian technology making many advancements in mathematics, art, literature, science, and medicine Significance: This Gupta empire developed many technologies in math, art, literature, science, and medicine which had many great affects on modern tech, especially epics. | 12 | |
| 7531086655 | Caste system | 500 BCE to current day This system was the system in India which separated people based on their occupation and didn't allow them or their future generations to change their occupation and move up the social latter, using karma, dharma and reincarnation to support that, as well as the brahma model body to support that. They split up it, highest to lowest, in Brahmans, priests, couldn't eat meat, Kshatriyas, warriors and rulers, vaishyas, farmers(later to go to Sudra then this became businessmen), and Sudras or laborers like servnats or farmers, and then last untouchables who dealt with dead animals/bodies. They also included Jatis within jobs. Significance: This system greatly affected all of Indian history, as it greatly divided all peoples on India, didn't really allow for imperialism, was the first time we see people be discriminated based on something about them which had great implications on later societies. | 13 | |
| 7531086656 | Varna, Karma, dharma, and reincarnation | 500 BCE to current day This is a key concept in Hinduism where these four key words are the keys to living a successful life. Varna is the different castes which one can be in, dharma is how one performs his deed that he is supposed to do, karma is how many good deeds one does compared to bad deeds, and reincarnation is what life you will the next and when you will get to heaven depending on how they lived Significance: This has had great repercussions on India as it shaped the way everyone in India lived, how people were treated based on their caste, how people lived out their lives, and the overall culture of India as it is a major piece of Indian culture | 14 | |
| 7531086657 | Daoism | 200 BCE to current day This is a Chinese religion/ideal which believed and focused in on nature, and had a weaker patriarchy than Confucianism. This grew in China after the Han dynasty fell and before the Sui dynasty rose, wearing the hold of Confucianism on China. Significance: This is the first time we see a weakening of patriarchy in China. Also, this is the first time we see multiple cultures in China form problems and rifts between people | 15 |
