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| 5711607470 | Neolithic revolution - characteristics, other names | People learned and developed farming and domestication of animals. Also called the Agricultural Revolution. | 0 | |
| 5711607471 | Basic characteristics of a civilization | Organized government, complex religion, job specialization, social classes, arts and architecture, public works, and writing. | 1 | |
| 5711607472 | Prehistory - define. | Period in the past before written records | 2 | |
| 5711607473 | Results of farming in Neolithic Revolution | Led to increased production of food, allowing people to remain in one place. This switch led to the development of civilizations and cities. | 3 | |
| 5711607474 | Who was Hammurabi? | King of Babylon that developed one of the first law codes ever written. Called the Code of Hammurabi. | 4 | |
| 5711607475 | Leaders of the Persian Empire - accomplishments | Cyrus- Laid the the foundation of the first Persia Empire(Achaemenid Empire) organized the states by Clans. After 20 years hit empire stretch from India to the boater of Egypt. Darius-Extended the Empire east and west, establish lines of communication with all parts of the empire. Established Satrapies, t | 5 | |
| 5711607476 | Satrapies of the Persian Empire | The governors of the provinces of the ancient Median and Achaemenid (Persian) Empires and in several of their successors, such as the Sassanid Empire and the Hellenistic empires. He leadership of this Satrapies were in check by the Imperial spies, build the "Persian Royal Road" With Break stations. | 6 | |
| 5711993240 | Persian Wars | Ionian Greeks rebelled against the Achaemenids | 7 | |
| 5711607477 | Define theocracy, monarchy, democracy, republic, and totalitarian | Theocracy - a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god. Monarchy - a form of government with a monarch at the head. Democracy - a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives. Republic - a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch. Totalitarian - of or relating to a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state. | 8 | |
| 5711607478 | 1st writing system invented | Sumerians developed cuniform, a system of writing based on wedge shaped symbols. | 9 | |
| 5711607479 | Impact of the Phoenician alphabet | An alphabet based on sounds and not words, would lead to a quick and flexible system of writing that aided in recording business transactions. Greeks would later adapt this alphabet and that in turn lead to the languages we have today. | 10 | |
| 5711607480 | Judaism | Judaism - Belief in one God. Believed that God had made a covenant, or agreement with them making them the ―chosen people.‖ Holy book called the Torah. Belief in set of laws called the Ten Commandments. | 11 | |
| 5711607481 | Hinduism | Hinduism - belief systems based on the Aryan created caste system. Ultimate goal is to achieve moksha, or union with Brahman. To do so people must free themselves from selfish desires. Must follow their karma, which refers to all the actions of a person's life that affect his fate in the next life. People must also follow their darma, which is a person's religious and moral duties that vary depending on that person's class. Believe in reincarnation, or rebirth of the soul, which allows them to continue to try and achieve moksha over several lifetimes. | 12 | |
| 5711607482 | Zoroastrianism | Zoroastrianism - Created by Persian thinker Zoroaster. He rejected the old Persian gods, instead teaching that a single, wise god named Ahura Mazda ruled the world. Ahura Mazda was in constant battle with Ahriman, the prince of evil. According to Zoroaster, each person had to choose which side to support. In the end each person would be judged for his actions. | 13 | |
| 5711607483 | Buddhism | Buddhism - Founded by Siddhartha Gautama, a high caste prince. He spent many years wandering in meditation. Claimed he knew the reason and cure for life's sorrow and suffering. Was later called Buddha meaning ―the Enlightened One.‖ Spent the rest of his life teaching others the reason and process to reach nirvana, or spiritual perfection and union with the universe. People had to know and the Four Noble Truths to reach this state. To follow the Four Noble Truths a person must follow the Eightfold Path. | 14 | |
| 5711607484 | Who created the caste system? | Created by the Aryans in the Indus Valley first based on occupation. Would later develop into a social and economic division of people in this area. | 15 | |
| 5711607485 | What was the silk road? | Trade route linking China to the Middle East. | 16 | |
| 5711607486 | How did the caste system in India function as a political institution? | Enforcing rules about social behavior | 17 | |
| 5711607487 | What was the result of the Aryan invasion of India? | They brought the first civilization | 18 | |
| 5711607488 | What was the Mandate of Heaven? | Idea that a ruler had permission from god/heaven to be the emperor or king. Ruler could remain in power as long as he remained a wise guardian of the people. | 19 | |
| 5711607489 | Describe Confucianism - the philosophy, principles, beliefs | Emphasized the country was parallel to the family, avoidance of violence, emphasizing the goodness of human nature (and promoting it through education, especially of public officials), 5 relationships. He taught that social order, harmony, and government could be achieved if all people lived by the five basic relationships: 1) ruler and subject 2) father and son, 3) husband and wife, 4) older brother and younger brother, 5) friend and friend These relationships stressed respect for each other. | 20 | |
| 5711607490 | Describe Daoism -philosophy, beliefs | Accepting the world as you find it, avoiding useless struggles, adhering to the ―path‖ of nature. Stressed that natural order was most important. People should search for understanding and knowledge through nature. | 21 | |
| 5711607491 | Describe Buddhism - founder, beliefs (including Four Noble Truths) | Founder was Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha). People suffered in life because of a desire for happiness and riches. Four Noble Truths: all life is full of suffering, cause of suffering is desire, solution is to overcome desire, desire overcome through following 8-fold path. | 22 | |
| 5711607492 | What is Nirvana? | Ultimate spiritual reward in Buddhism. Buddhist idea of a release from suffering, selfishness, and pain. | 23 | |
| 5711607493 | What happened to Buddhism in India? | Buddhism never gained a foothold in India. It was absorbed back into Hinduism. | 24 | |
| 5711607494 | Describe the Gupta Empire of India - rulers, government structures, social structure, etc. | Founded by Chandra Gupta I, started in the year 320. Most Indian families were farmers that lived in small villages. India reached a golden age during this time with many developments in are, literature, and science. | 25 | |
| 5711607495 | Describe the government under the Shang Dynasty | Kings used their power to maintain control over large areas of land | 26 | |
| 5711607496 | Describe the contributions of Gupta India mathematicians | They developed the Arabic number system and the concept of zero. | 27 | |
| 5711607497 | What common geographic feature isolated both India and China from the rest of the world? | Himalaya Mountains | 28 | |
| 5711607498 | Know the order of the Chinese dynasties we have covered so far - up to the Ming Dynasty | Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming | 29 | |
| 5711607499 | Describe the leadership qualities of Ghenghis Khan. What made him so effective in ruling the Mongol Empire? | Fought with his army instead of watching, ruled in favor of his people and prioritized them. He earned the favor of his subjects, making it easy for him to unite the Mongolian tribes. | 30 | |
| 5711607500 | What impact did the Mongol Empire have on trade through Asia? Explain what is meant by the term Pax Mongolia | In China, the Mongols increased the amount of paper money in circulation and guaranteed the value of that paper money in precious metals. They also built many roads — though this was only partly to promote trade — these roads were mainly used to facilitate the Mongols' rule over China. Pax Mongolia - The stabilizing effects of the conquests of the Mongol Empire on the social, cultural, and economic life of the inhabitants of the vast Eurasian territory that the Mongols conquered in the 13th and 14th centuries. | 31 | |
| 5711607501 | Describe the aspects of each of the Mongol Khanates. | 32 | ||
| 5711607502 | Describe and list the achievements of the Tang and Song dynasties. | Advances in agriculture, improved irrigation, increased farmland, new crops, increased trade, inventions (woodblock printing, gunpowder, clock) | 33 | |
| 5711607503 | Explain the governing style of the Tang. Explain what a tributary state is and how China treated them. How does this align with Confucian beliefs? | 34 | ||
| 5711607504 | Explain bushido and the honor code that samurai live by. | 35 | ||
| 5711607505 | Explain what was significant about Marco Polo's journey to China. | 36 | ||
| 5711607506 | How did the geography of Greece help form city-states? | The mountainous terrain kept villages isolated, leading to the development of many small city-states. | 37 | |
| 5711607507 | What was Alexander the Greats' most lasting achievement? | The spreading of Greek and Hellenistic culture around the world. | 38 | |
| 5711607508 | What city was the center of the Hellenistic world? | Alexandria | 39 | |
| 5711607509 | Who were the main combatants of the Peloponnesian War? | This was a war between Athens and Sparta | 40 | |
| 5711607510 | What geographic features of Greece would help to connect it to the outside world? | Its location next to the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas. | 41 | |
| 5711607511 | Sparta - what did spartans emphasize? | Military achievement and athleticism | 42 | |
| 5711607512 | Which leader of Athens led it to its "Golden Age"? | Pericles | 43 | |
| 5711607513 | Who established an empire from Greece, to Egypt, to India? | Alexander the Great | 44 | |
| 5711607514 | What was Greek politics known for creating? | A true democracy and democratic city-states | 45 | |
| 5711607515 | What is the Socratic Method? | Emphasizes the importance of questioning to find knowledge and ideas. | 46 | |
| 5711607516 | Hellenistic Culture - What cultures did it blend? | Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian | 47 | |
| 5711607517 | Who greatly influenced Rome in the fields of art and literature? | Greeks | 48 | |
| 5711607518 | What did the Roman legal system do to the Empire? What precedents did that set? | Unity and Stability | 49 | |
| 5711607519 | What was Rome's attitude towards the Jews living in Palestine? | Romans tolerated Jews | 50 | |
| 5711607520 | What was Jesus' mission? | Bring salvation to believers | 51 | |
| 5711607521 | To what city did Constantine move his center of power to? | Constantinople | 52 | |
| 5711607522 | What contributed to Rome's fall? | Heavy taxes, invaders, corrupt officials | 53 | |
| 5711607523 | When was a dictator chosen to rule the Roman Republic? | In events of crisis | 54 | |
| 5711607524 | Who did the Senate of Republic of Rome mainly represent? | The aristocracy | 55 | |
| 5711607525 | Who was Constantine? Why is he important? | Constantine was the last Roman emperor, and he was important because he established the new capitol at Constantinople (Istanbul) for the Byzantine empire. | 56 | |
| 5711607526 | Explain why Islam is considered a way of life. | Muslims do not separate their personal life from their religious life. It is part of their everyday life, including how people dress, when they pray, what they eat and drink. Prayer five times a day shows discipline. | 57 | |
| 5711607527 | What are the Five Pillars of Faith? | 1) Profession of faith, 2) Prayer five times a day, facing Mecca, 3) Giving of alms to charity and the poor, 4) Fasting during the month of Ramadan, 5) Pilgrimage to Mecca | 58 | |
| 5711607528 | What was Muhammad's teaching on other monotheistic faiths? | He taught that both Christianity and Judaism were true religions, but that his teachings were the final refinement of God's word. | 59 | |
| 5711607529 | Name the two sects of Islam that resulted from the division of the Muslim community? | Sunni and Shiite | 60 | |
| 5711607530 | Why did a division of the Muslim community occur? Be sure to know the key people. | - It grew because there were people that believed only a direct descendant of Muhammad should be Caliph. They wanted Ali to become caliph. - The martyrdom of Hussain marks the beginning of the Shiite sect of Islam. - Sunni Muslims believe that the first three Caliphs were properly chosen. | 61 | |
| 5711607531 | Know the religious texts for each of the major religions (Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam) | Buddhism - The Tripitaka (Pali Canon), Mahayana Sutras and the Tibetan Book of the Dead Hinduism - The Vedas Judaism - The Tanach, Mishnah, Talmud and Midrash Christianity - The Bible Islam - The Quran and the Hadith | 62 | |
| 5711607532 | Know the major rules of each of the major religions (Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam) | Buddhism - 8 fold path Hinduism - truth, dharma, karma Judaism - 13 Articles of Faith Christianity - 10 Commandments Islam - 5 pillars | 63 | |
| 5711607533 | Why is mathematics and science considered a major contribution to the Golden Age of Islam? | Ideas in Math and Science were developed during this time that are still used today. | 64 | |
| 5711607534 | Create a list of contributions from the Muslim world to our society that we still use today? | - The idea of writing a check for money at any location. - The concept or use of algebra in math. - The use of hospitals. - The game of chess was used to train and educate people. | 65 | |
| 5711607535 | How are the Ummayyads and Abbasids similar? Different? | Both followed Islam, Ummayyads conquered north Africa and Spain, Abbasids mainly stay in the Middle East, Ummayads focused more on military while Abbasids were more focused on education. The Mongols take over the Abbasids, the Abbasids take over the Ummayads, | 66 | |
| 5711607536 | What is "cultural diffusion"? | The exchange of ideas, goods, and beliefs among different cultures. | 67 | |
| 5711607537 | Who conquered the former Roman province of Gaul? | A group called the Franks. | 68 | |
| 5711607538 | Under feudalism, lords granted land to vassals in exchange for what? | Military service and protection. | 69 | |
| 5711607539 | New agricultural technologies in the Middle Ages led to what? | Increased food production. | 70 | |
| 5711607540 | What group made up the largest part of the population in feudal society? | Peasants or serfs | 71 | |
| 5711607541 | The Church had great power over people during the Middle Ages because | Priests and the church determined who would achieve salvation and therefore go to heaven. | 72 | |
| 5711607542 | How did the three-field system contribute to the agricultural revolution that took place during the Middle Ages? | It allowed peasants to produce more crops. | 73 | |
| 5711607543 | What responsibilities did the peasants have toward the lord of a manor? What about the lord toward the peasant? | According to feudalism, peasants promised to provide protection and labor to the lord in exchange for the use of land. They also had to pay rent. The lord promised protection from invasion for the peasants. | 74 | |
| 5711607544 | Why was the pope a powerful figure in medieval Europe? | He was the head of the Catholic Church, which was the most powerful entity in the world. | 75 | |
| 5711607545 | What are the key characters of feudalism? | Mutual agreement between lord and peasants where the lord provided protection in exchange for loyalty, labor, and rent. | 76 | |
| 5711607546 | Why was the location of Constantinople important? | Constantinople was the largest and richest urban center in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during the late Eastern Roman Empire, mostly as a result of its strategic position commanding the trade routes between the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea. | 77 | |
| 5711607547 | What are the major accomplishments of Justinian? | The emperor Justinian I ruled the Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire from 527 until 565. He is significant for his efforts to regain the lost provinces of the Western Roman Empire, his codification of roman law, and his architectural achievements. | 78 | |
| 5711607548 | Know the order of the major monotheistic religions (Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam) | Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam | 79 | |
| 5711607549 | Diocletian | Split the Roman Empire into western and eastern | 80 | |
| 5711607550 | 12 Tables | The original Roman law, sets precedents for other European law codes. | 81 | |
| 5711607551 | Great Schism | 1054 A.D. | 82 |
