Terms : Hide Images
| 285318200 | Copernicus | Earth orbits the Sun and rotates on its axis | |
| 285318201 | The Social Contract | Work written by Jean- Jacques Rousseau | |
| 285318202 | William Harvey | Determined that heart pumps blood, which circulates through body | |
| 285318203 | Ptolemy | Ancient scientist who said earth was center of the universe | |
| 285318204 | Enlightenment | Intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought, a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason to rethink previously accepted ideas and social institutions | |
| 285318205 | Isaac Newton | Discovered gravity, laws of motion, calculus | |
| 285318206 | Social contract | An agreement between rulers and the people, the notion that society is based on an agreement between government and the governed in which people agree to give up some rights in exchange for the protection of others | |
| 285318207 | Leviathan | work written by John Locke, Written by English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, maintained that sovereignty is ultimately derived from the people, who transfer it to the monarchy by implicit contract. | |
| 285318208 | heliocentric theory | Planets revolve around the sun | |
| 285318209 | Thomas Hobbes | Believed that people are born selfish and need a strong central authority | |
| 285318210 | Baron de Montesquieu | Believed government should have separation of powers, wrote The Spirit of the Laws : developed the idea of the separation of powers into three branches of government | |
| 285318211 | Mary Wollstonecraft | Believed natural rights of the Enlightenment should extend to women | |
| 285318212 | Voltaire | Believed in freedom of religion; separation of church and state; he admired the English freedom of the press, and religious toleration. He criticized France because of its royal absolutism and lack of freedom of thought. | |
| 285318213 | geocentric theory | Earth centered view of the universe | |
| 285318214 | Thomas Jefferson | Believed that men have inalienable rights, which government cannot abuse | |
| 285318215 | Galileo | Built the first telescope; determined that other planets have moons | |
| 285318216 | natural law | A law based on reason that applies to all people | |
| 285318217 | Jean- Jacques Rousseau | Government should be a contract between rulers and people | |
| 285318218 | John Locke | Believed all people have a right to life, liberty, and property | |
| 285318219 | Beccaria | Believed in reform of the criminal justice system | |
| 285318220 | Catherine II | Greatly influenced by Western European thinkers, banned torture considered freeing serfs, significantly expanded borders to the south and secured a warm-water port on the Black Sea | |
| 285318221 | Joseph II | most aggressive reformer of his era; radical royal reformer of Austria; introduced legal reforms, freedom of the press, supported freedom of worship (even Protestants, Orthodox Christians, and Jews); ordered that peasants be paid for their labor with cash. | |
| 285318222 | stamp act | A tax that the British Parliament placed on newspapers and official documents sold in the American Colonies | |
| 285318223 | federal republic | government in which the power is divided between the national government and the states | |
| 285318225 | popular sovereignty | The concept that political power rests with the people who can direct their government. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government | |
| 285318227 | laissez faire | idea promoted by adam smith of free market economy where the government is not involved | |
| 285318229 | Boston Massacre | began as a snowball fight against British troops quartered in town publicized in an engraving by Paul Revere | |
| 285318231 | Bill of Rights | first 10 amendments to the constitution | |
| 285318232 | Treaty of Paris 1783 | ended the American revolution |
