Glencoe World History
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| 365865752 | capital | money available for investment | |
| 365865753 | Enclosure movment | in Great Britain during the 1700s, Parlamentary decree that allowed fencing off of common lands, forcing many peasants to move to town | |
| 365865754 | Entrepreneur | person interested in finding new business opprotunities and new ways to make profits | |
| 365865755 | Cottage Industry | method of production in which tasks are done by individuals in their rural homes | |
| 365865756 | Puddling | process in which coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron to produce high quality iron | |
| 365865757 | Industrial capitalism | economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing | |
| 365865758 | Socialism | system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production | |
| 365865759 | conservatism | political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to political authority and organized religion | |
| 365865760 | Principle of intervention | idea that great powers have the right to send armies into countries where there are revolutions to restore legitimate governments | |
| 365865761 | Liberalism | a political philosophy originally based largely on Enlightenment principles, holding that people should be as free as possible from government restraint and that civil liberties - the basic rights of all people - should be protected | |
| 365865762 | universal male suffrage | the right of all males to vote in elections | |
| 365865763 | multinational state | a state in which people of many nationalities live | |
| 365865764 | militarism | reliance on military strength | |
| 365865765 | kaiser | German for "caesar," the title of the emperors of the Second German Empire | |
| 365865766 | plebiscite | a popular vote | |
| 365865767 | emancipation | the act of setting free | |
| 365865768 | abolitionism | a movement to end slavery | |
| 365865769 | secede | Withdraw | |
| 365865770 | romanticism | an intellectual movement that emerged at the end of the eighteenth century in reaction to the ideas of the Enlightenment; it stressed feelings, emotion, and imagination as sources of knowing | |
| 365865771 | secularization | indifference to or rejection of religion or religious consideration | |
| 365865772 | organic evolution | the principle set forth by Darwin that every plant or animal has evolved, or changed, over a long period of time from earlier, simpler forms of life to more complex forms | |
| 365865773 | natural selection | the principle set forth by Darwin that some organisms are more adaptable to the environment than others, in popular terms, survival of the fittest | |
| 365865774 | realism | mid-nineteenth century movement that rejected romanticism and sought to portray lower- and middle-class life as it actually was | |
| 365865775 | James Watt | Scottish engineer who, in 1782, made changes to the steam engine which enabled it to drive machinery to spin cotton, thus improving production | |
| 365865776 | Manchester | rich cotton-manufacturing city in England | |
| 365865777 | Liverpool | thriving port in England | |
| 365865778 | Robert Fulton | American inventor who built the first paddle-wheel steamboat in 1807 | |
| 365865779 | Robert Owen | Utopian socialist who set up a flourishing community in New Lanark, Scotland | |
| 365865780 | Congress of Vienna | Peace Treaty designed by heads of European powers in 1814 (Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia) which rearranged territories after Napoleon's defeat to form a new balance of power | |
| 365865781 | Klemens von Metternich | Austrian foreign minister; most influential leader at the Congress of Vienna | |
| 365865782 | Vienna | city in Austria that hosted the Congress of Vienna in 1814 | |
| 365865783 | Bill of Rights | American written statement of fundamental rights and privileges for an individual | |
| 365865784 | Louis-Napoleon | elected president of France's Second Republic in 1848 after the French Revolution; the nephew of Napoleon | |
| 365865785 | German Confederation | Thirty-eight independent German states recognized by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 of which Austria and Prussia had the greatest powers | |
| 365865786 | Prague | city in Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) | |
| 365865787 | Piedmont | northern Italian state | |
| 365865788 | Giuseppe Garibaldi | Italian patriot who unified Italy | |
| 365865789 | Otto von Bismarck | Prussian prime minister in 1860s who governed Prussia without parliament's approval and forced war first with the Austrians and then the French (Franco-Prussian War in 1870) where France was forced to relinquish Alsace and Lorraine. Prussia was then the strongest power in Europe. | |
| 365865790 | Alsace | province of France turned over to Prussia after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871 | |
| 365865791 | Lorraine | province of France turned over to Prussia after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871 | |
| 365865792 | Queen Victoria | British queen from 1837-1901 with the longest reign in English history who helped to stabilize the economy with continued improvements as a result of the Industrial Revolution. In 1876, she also assumed the title of Empress of India. | |
| 365865793 | Budapest | capital of Hungary | |
| 365865794 | Czar Alexander II | ruler of Russia who freed the serfs in 1861 | |
| 365865795 | Ludwig van Beethoven | German composer known for his classical symphonies; considered one of the greatest composers who continued to compose after he became deaf | |
| 365865796 | Louis Pasteur | French biologist whose discovery of microorganisms in fermentation led to pasteurization and who also proposed the germ theory of disease which advanced modern scientific medical practices | |
| 365865797 | Charles Darwin | British scientist who formulated the theory of evolution by natural selection | |
| 365865798 | Charles Dickens | famous British novelist who wrote realistic novels focusing on the lower and middle classes of England's early Industrial Age; wrote Oliver Twist and David Copperfield |
