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| 110929875 | Failure of the Schlieffen Plan | *Aug 3, 1914- Germans move toward Paris through Belgium- early Sep, are 3 miles away *First battle of the mame- Sep 5-9, 1914- France victory and guaranteed failure of the Schlieffen Plan *Trench warfare- defensive war- barbed wire and concrete pillboxes- 4yrs-rifles, heavy artillery, gas *Eastern front- One German Army- Russians launch major offensive in Aug into Eastern Pussia *Germans win Tannenburg- 100,000 Russian casualties *Battle of Masurian Lakes- Russian retreat *Austrians fail in Balkans- Russia and Serbia *Russia takes Galicia | 0 | |
| 110929876 | Military Stalemate | *Little movement on Western, Eastern and Balkan fronts from 1915-1916 *Germans concentrate on Russians -Occupy Galicia and Poland in 1915- enter Baltic frontier- indecisive victories -Russians suffer over 2 million *Italy joins GB, Fr, Russ in 1915 (want land) *Bulgaria joins Germ and Aus-Hung- Italian entry unimportant (just want land)- Bulgarians help Austria defeat Serbia in 1915 | 1 | |
| 110930761 | Major Military Offensives | *Three(3) in 1916 *Feb- Novem - Verdun -Germ effort to win war in west -indecisive - Fr lose 540,000; Germ- 430,000 *Battle of the Somme- June-Sept- Brit & FR; offensive along 30 mile Somme front -British acquire 125 square miles (7 miles)- tanks used -Brit lose 400,000; Fr lose -200,000; Germ-500,00-650,000 -indecisive *Brusilov offensive- June-Sept 1916- Russians attack Aus initially -German reinforcement sent -Russians pushed back -1million casualties -indecisive | 2 | |
| 110952183 | Leadership Changes | *David Lloyd George replaces Herbert Asquithas as Prime Minister of GB in 1916 *Georges Clemenceau becomes Fr, premier in 1917 *Germany- William II appoints Paul Von Hindenburg as Commander in Chief of German armies -wants way to win war other than land -convince William to use unrestricted Submarine warfare- designed to knock Brit out of war- domino effect *Surround Brit and starve her *Very risky- U.S. supplied Britain | 3 | |
| 110955645 | Leadership Changes (cont) | *First used in 1815 - Lusitania- 1200 ppl-139 Americans- Wilson speaks- Germans temporarily stop *William issues German intention of using unrestricted submarine warfare again in 1917- U.S. breaks relations immediately *Zimmerman Telegraph- Germans propose alliance w/ Mexico- Brit recepted and gave to U.S. *U.S. Public Opinion wants war- April 6, 1917- U.S. enters war against Germans *Hindenburg realizes only German hope for victory is in 1st months PRIOR to U.S. mobilization | 4 | |
| 110955646 | End of the Great War (WWI) | * Germans launch one more huge offensive against Fr & Brit March 1918 *With U.S. troops, Br and Fr push Germans back *GErmany's allies surrender one by one -Sept 1918- Bulgaria -Oct 1918- Ottoman Empire (Turkey) -Nov 1918- Aust-Hung *German socialist party overthrown gov't & proclaim Germany a democratic republic (Weimar republic) | 5 | |
| 110957036 | End of the Great War (WWI) (cont) | *William II flees to Netherlands till his death in 1940 *Nov 11, 1918- German army signs truce- Armistice(agreement for peace) w/ Br, Fr &U.S.- unofficial end of war *STATISTICS- 37.5 million casualties, 8million dead, total cost =$180 billion *FOUR empires destroyed: Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary & Otto. Emp *Severely weakens Br & Fr- decline *U.S. on European stage for 1st time *Incredible psychological scar-esp. in Brit & Fr | 6 |
