SHSID 9H class review
The Essential World History Volume II Since 1500
Chapter 25 World War II, Dictatorial Regimes, the Path to War, and World War II.
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| 758908946 | fascism | a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism. | 1 | |
| 758908947 | totalitarian state | a nation in which a single party controls the government and every aspect of people's lives: no limited government power, no individual freedoms. | 2 | |
| 758908948 | militarist regimes | regimes which involve the belief that their nation or government should possess a large amount of military power in order to gain power and influence | 3 | |
| 758908949 | Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. | 4 | |
| 758908950 | League of Combat | political group led by Mussolini, also known as the Black Shirts, supported by the middle class industrialists | 5 | |
| 758908951 | King Victor Emmanuel | appointed Mussolini as Prime Minister after capitulating in 1922. | 6 | |
| 758908952 | Il Duce | the Leader; Benito Mussolini | 7 | |
| 758908953 | "Mussolini is always right" | Only truly successful fascist propaganda in Italy | 8 | |
| 758908954 | the basic foundation for the family | women (Mussolini) | 9 | |
| 758908955 | the pillar of the state | family (Mussolini) | 10 | |
| 758908956 | German Workers' Party | Munich based party that promised German national socialism that would abolish capitalism; Hitler joined in 1919 and controlled it by 1921 transforming it into National Socialists German Workers' Party; used mass rallies and propaganda | 11 | |
| 758908957 | Storm Troops | the "SA" organization. A semi-military group formed to protect Nazi meetings, which evolved to a group that terrorized civilians without police interference. Sturmabteilung | 12 | |
| 758908958 | Beer Hall Putsch | In 1923 the Nazis attempted to overthrow the government in Munich. It was a total failure, and Hitler received a brief prison sentence during which time he wrote Mein Kampf. | 13 | |
| 758908959 | Mein Kampf | My struggle, autobiography of Hitler and his beliefs | 14 | |
| 758908960 | Lebensraum | Hitler's expansionist theory that the stronger and superior nations deserved living space, so it was rightful that they could expand and conquer. | 15 | |
| 758908961 | Weimar Republic | Was the democratic government which ruled over Germany form 1919 to 1933. Was Germany's first democracy and it failed miserably. It had leaders such as Hindenburg. | 16 | |
| 758908962 | nationalism and militarism | Hitler's appeal... | 17 | |
| 758908963 | Enabling Act | the government could ignore the constitution for four years, and create laws to solve the country's problems (gave Hitler absolute dictatorial power for those years) | 18 | |
| 758908964 | Aryan Racial State | Hitler's goal was... | 19 | |
| 758908965 | Nuremberg | Annual party rallies held here, including mass demonstrations and spectacles. | 20 | |
| 758908966 | public work projects | everyone working is a soldier, equally important, help your country, lower unemployment rates | 21 | |
| 758908967 | Schutzstaffeln | "SS"; guard squadrons, under the total control of Adolf Hitler. Responsible for many of the crimes against humanity done by the Nazis during World War II. | 22 | |
| 758908968 | terror, repression, murder, police, concentration camps, execution squads, death camps | SS used... | 23 | |
| 758908969 | Warriors and Political Leaders | Men (Hitler) | 24 | |
| 758908970 | Wives and Mothers | Women (Hitler) | 25 | |
| 758908971 | Kristallnacht | "night of the shattered glass", (Night of the Broken Glass) mobs throughout Germany destroyed Jewish property and terrorized Jews. | 26 | |
| 758908972 | Josef Stalin | was general secretary of the Communist party, became the leader and dictator of Russia after Lenin's death. Dictator, brought Russia out of recession and made Russia an industrial superpower in WW2, followed Lenin. | 27 | |
| 758908973 | Stalin's five-year plan | impressive progress in industrial production (coal, oil, steel) | 28 | |
| 758908974 | Duty, Discipline, Hard Work | Stalin's family values | 29 | |
| 758908975 | Asia for the Asians | The Japanese conquest of Southeast Asia had been accomplished under this slogan. Many Japanese sincerely believed that their government was bringing about the liberation of Asians from European colonial rule. | 30 | |
| 758908976 | Rome-Berlin Axis | The alliance between Italy and Germany, Mussolini and Hitler (later also Japan) | 31 | |
| 758908977 | Anti-Comintern Pact | treaty between Germany and Japan promising a common front against communism | 32 | |
| 758908978 | Anschluss | The union of Austria with Germany, resulting from the occupation of Austria by the German army in 1938. | 33 | |
| 758908979 | Munich Conference | 1938 conference at which European leaders attempted to appease Hitler by turning over the Sudetenland to him in exchange for promise that Germany would not expand Germany's territory any further | 34 | |
| 758908980 | D-Day | June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II. | 35 | |
| 758908981 | Operation Overlord | D-Day's Code Name | 36 | |
| 758908982 | Poland | Britain and France began reacting to Hitler's conquests- they agreed to protect this country in case of war, and did when Germany invaded them. | 37 | |
| 758908983 | Marco Polo Bridge | in 1937, Japan militarists touched off an explosion here that led to an all-out invasion of China. Caused hostilities between the two countries in WW2. | 38 | |
| 758908984 | China Incident | incident in which Japan invaded China, and America stood by the side and watched it happen remaining neutral. | 39 | |
| 758908985 | New Order in East Asia | The idea that Japan will throw off foreign imperialism from Asia and form and autarktic bloc run by Japan. This leads to deterioration in US Japanese relations. | 40 | |
| 758908986 | Monroe Doctrine for Asia | Japan would guide Asian neighbors to development and prosperity (capture its neighbors) | 41 | |
| 758908987 | Co-Prosperity Sphere | Japan's goal and organization to help all Asians escape Western colonial rule; but real goal was a Japanese empire in Asia | 42 | |
| 758908988 | Surprise Attack on American and European colonies in South Asia | Solution to Japan's "retaliation-supplies" problem from America | 43 | |
| 758908989 | Marshal Henri Petain | This aging leader of France accepted defeat to the Germans, which allowed him to keep a very small portion of the south of France to himself under the puppet government of Vichy France | 44 | |
| 758908990 | Vichy France | this portion of France was the portion that was not occupied with Germany but followed Germany's every command: puppet government | 45 | |
| 758908991 | Soviet | The first nation in which Germany's advance had been stopped | 46 | |
| 758908992 | Pearl Harbor | United States military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, bringing the United States into World War II. December 7, 1941. | 47 | |
| 758908993 | loss in morale | expected result of Pearl Harbor | 48 | |
| 758908994 | won broad support for Roosevelt's war policy | actual result of Pearl Harbor | 49 | |
| 758908995 | Battle of the Coral Sea | A battle between Japanese and American naval forces that stopped the Japanese advance on Australia. | 50 | |
| 758908996 | Battle of Midway Island | turning point of the war in Asia; US planes destroyed four attacking Japanese aircraft carriers; defeated the Japanese navy and established naval superiority in the Pacific | 51 | |
| 758908997 | island hopping | the American navy attacked islands held by the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean. The capture of each successive island from the Japanese brought the American navy closer to an invasion of Japan. | 52 | |
| 758908998 | Battle of Normandy | The Allies gained a foothold on the French coast during this battle. Eventually they were able to drive the Germans back and liberate Western Europe. Greatest naval invasion in history. Led to D-Day | 53 | |
| 758908999 | Battle of Kursk | German forces are soundly defeated by the Soviets, greatest tank battle of WWII | 54 | |
| 758909000 | Pacific Strategy | Island Hopping and Submarine Warfare: did not trust Chiang Kai Shek, used this strategy instead to slowly sweep across something. | 55 |
