Dr. Skypala's Zoology exam 1 study guide
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| 1672851203 | Zoology | The scientific study of animal life. | 0 | |
| 1672851204 | Reproduction | Creation of a cell (asexual) or a child (sexual) | 1 | |
| 1672851205 | Chemical uniqueness | Living systems demonstrate a unique and complex molecular organization | 2 | |
| 1672851206 | Development | characteristic changes that an organism undergo's from its origin. | 3 | |
| 1672851207 | Metabolism | Living organisms maintain themselves by acquiring nutrients from their environment. | 4 | |
| 1672851208 | Environmental interaction | All organisms interact with their environment, the study of this is called ecology. | 5 | |
| 1672851209 | movement | living systems and their parts show precise and controlled movements arising from within the system. | 6 | |
| 1672851210 | paradigms | Powerful theories that guide extensive research. | 7 | |
| 1672851211 | Animals | Any multicelled heterotroph that ingests other organisms or their tissues, develops through a series of embryonic stages, and is motile during part or all of the life cyle. Most species have epithelial tissues and extracellular matrixes. | 8 | |
| 1672851212 | Eukaryotic | A cell characterized by the presence of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotes can be unicellular (protists) or multicellular (fungi, plants and animals). | 9 | |
| 1672851213 | Multi-cellular | organisms made up of more than one cell (plants and animals) | 10 | |
| 1672851214 | Heterotrophic | Organisms that are unable to construct their own food from inorganic sources, and therefore must consume other organisms or organic molecules from the outside environment. Function as consumers or decomposers in food chains. | 11 | |
| 1672851215 | sexual reproduction | A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents | 12 | |
| 1672851216 | Motile | Capable of movement | 13 | |
| 1672851217 | Science | Assumes natural explanations and testable. | 14 | |
| 1672851218 | Scientific method | A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data (observation), formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis (experiment), and stating conclusions. | 15 | |
| 1672851219 | Theory | A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data (closest to truth science gets) | 16 | |
| 1672851220 | HMS Beagle, 5 Year voyage | what was the name of the ship and voyage that Charles Darwin took to study animal life. | 17 | |
| 1672851221 | Darwins Evolutionary theory of Natural Selection. | The observation of why things change, providing explanation for origins of adaptation. This theory speaks of reproductive success and survival with limited natural resources due to an organisms advantageous genetic traits as well as population growth from this. | 18 | |
| 1672851222 | Random, Non-Random Random, Non-Random | Two Components of natural selections are either ___________ or ____________ Production of VARIATION among organisms is ___________. The ____________ components include survival of different traits, and differential survival and reproduction. | 19 | |
| 1672851223 | Populations Change. Unequal Reproduction. | What is the 2 word definition for evolution? What about the 2 word definition for Natural Selection? | 20 | |
| 1672851224 | Homologus | ________ means related or from common decent. (dealing with traits) | 21 | |
| 1672851225 | Phylogenetic Tree | A chart showing evolutionary relationships as determined by evolutionary systematics. It contains a time component and implies ancestor-descendant relationships. | 22 | |
| 1672851226 | Analogy | A similarity that comes about separately. | 23 | |
| 1672851227 | Speciation | A process typically caused by the genetic isolation from a main population resulting in a new genetically distinct species. | 24 | |
| 1672851228 | Multiplication of species | A branch point in the evolutionary tree, it occurs when an ancestrial species has split into two different ones by factors such as geographical splitting followed by evolutionary divergence of the separate parts. | 25 | |
| 1672851229 | Allopatric speciation | The formation of a new species as a result of an ancestral population's becoming isolated by a geographic barrier. | 26 | |
| 1683389685 | Vicariant speciation | when a physical barrier that creates large, geographically separated populations that diverge into separate species, that is called.. | 27 | |
| 1683389686 | Founder Effect | Genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population and form a new population whose gene pool composition is not reflective of that of the original population. | 28 | |
| 1683389687 | Sympatric speciation | A hypothesis stating individuals can speciate while living in different components of the environment, individuals within a species become specialized for occupying different components of the environment. | 29 | |
| 1683439596 | population genetics | Studies evolution as change in gene frequencies in population. | 30 | |
| 1683439597 | Microevolution | Evolutionary changes in frequencies of different allelic forms of genes. | 31 | |
| 1683439598 | Macroevolution | Evolution on a grand scale, Origins of new structures and designs, trends, mass extinctions ect. | 32 | |
| 1683439599 | Stabilizing selection | Selects against extreme phenotypes | 33 | |
| 1683439600 | Directional selection | Phenotypic character shifts in one direction | 34 | |
| 1683439601 | Disruptive Selection | Selects against average phenotypes | 35 | |
| 1683439602 | Richard Owen | __________ described homology as "the same organ in different organisms under every variety of form and function" | 36 | |
| 1683439603 | Speciation , Millions | __________Links Macroevolution to microevolution, rates of this and extinction are measured in __________of years. | 37 | |
| 1683439604 | Five | How many dramatic Mass extinctions are we aware of? | 38 | |
| 1683439605 | The Permian Extinction | 225 million years ago, half of the families of shallow water invertebrates and 90% of marine invertebrates disappeared. This was called _______________ | 39 | |
| 1683439606 | The Cretaceous Extinction | 65 million years ago Marked the end of the dinosaurs and many other taxa. This was called _______________ | 40 | |
| 1683439607 | Become extinct or give rise to a new species | What are the 2 possible fates that a species can have? | 41 | |
| 1683439608 | Heterochrony | Evolutionary change in the timing or rate of an organism's development leading to changes in size and shape | 42 | |
| 1683439609 | Paedomorphosis | The retention in an adult organism of the juvenile features of its evolutionary ancestors. | 43 | |
| 1683439610 | Isolecithal, Mesolecithal, Telolecithal, Centrolecithal | __________= Little Yolk, __________= Medium yolk at vegetal pole, __________= Lots of yolk at vegetal pole, __________= Large, Central Yolk | 44 | |
| 1683439611 | Meroblastic Cleavage | a type of cleavage in which there is incomplete division of yolk-rich egg, characteristic of avian development | 45 | |
| 1683439612 | holoblastic Cleavage | A type of cleavage in which there is complete division of the egg, as in eggs having little yolk (sea urchin) or a moderate amount of yolk (frog). | 46 | |
| 1683439613 | Cleavage | Repeated mitosis describes a _____________, (No cell growth occurs, only subdivision until cells reach regular somatic cell size. At the end a "Blastula" is formed) | 47 | |
| 1683439614 | Gastrulation | ____________ results in the formation of a second germ layer, It involves an invagination of one side of the Blastula and forms a new internal cavity called an Archenteron or Gastrocoel. The opening to this cavity is called a blastopore. | 48 | |
| 1683439615 | Gastrocoel | embryonic cavity forming in gastrulation that becomes the adult gut; also called an archenteron | 49 | |
| 1683439616 | Blastopore | A _________In a gastrula is the opening of the archenteron or embryonic gut that typically develops into the anus in deuterostomes and the mouth in protostomes. | 50 | |
| 1683439617 | Blind gut | food enters and exits from the same opening | 51 | |
| 1683439618 | Complete gut | two openings, a mouth an and anus, The endodermal tube or gut, is surrounded by the blastocoel and has 2 openings (blastopore). | 52 | |
| 1683439619 | Nerve tissue arises from ectoderm, Muscle and connective tissues arise from mesoderm, Epithelial tissues arise from all three germ layers including endoderm. | Describe the 3 germ layers. | 53 | |
| 1683439620 | -Proliferation of cells from near the lip of the blastopore into the space between the archenteron and the outer body wall. -pushing of the central region of the archenteron wall into the space between the archenteron and the outer body wall. | Describe the 2 ways that the mesoderm forms from the endoderm. | 54 | |
| 1683439621 | Triploblasts | animals with three germ layers | 55 | |
| 1683439622 | Taxonomy | _________ is the scientific study involving naming and classifying biological life. | 56 | |
| 1683439623 | Systematics | ____________ is the scientific study of variation and evolutionary relationships between life forms. Classification is based on evolutionary relationships. | 57 | |
| 1683439624 | Carolus Linnaeus in his publication Systema Naturae | Who proposed the Taxonomic system? | 58 | |
| 1683439625 | Typological species concept | the discredited, pre-Darwinian notion that species are classes defined by the presence of fixed, unchanging characters shared by all members | 59 | |
| 1683439626 | Biological species concept | Definition of a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but are not able to produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other populations. | 60 | |
| 1683450173 | Evolutionary Species concept | what concept states a species is a lineage evolving separately from others and with its own unitary evolutionary role and tendencies | 61 | |
| 1683450174 | Phylogenic species concept | defines a species as the smallest group of individuals that share a common ancestor, forming one branch on the tree of life | 62 | |
| 1683450175 | phylogeny | the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms is described as its ______________ | 63 | |
| 1683450176 | an Outgroup | _________ is a species or group of species from an evolutionary lineage that is known to have di- verged before the lineage that includes the species we are studying (the ingroup) | 64 | |
| 1683450177 | Clades | ________ share derived characteristics and form subsets within a larger group. | 65 | |
| 1683450178 | Synapomorphy | a trait that is shared by two or more taxa and inferred to have been present in their most recent common ancestor, whose own ancestor in turn is inferred to not possess the trait is called a__________ | 66 | |
| 1683450179 | Pleisomorphy | An ancestral or primitive trait. Character that was inherited from a distant or ancient ancestor. | 67 | |
| 1683450180 | Accepts, Rejects, Differ, (difference has important evolutionary implications) | Both evolutionary and Cladistic taxonomy ____________ monophyletic ____________ Polyphyletic groups ____________ on accepting paraphyletic groups | 68 | |
| 1683450181 | Common descent, Amount of adaptive evolutionary change | What are the 2 main principles in Traditional Evolutionary Taxonomy? | 69 | |
| 1683458801 | Adaptive Zone, (a taxon that represents an adaptive zone is a GRADE) | a characteristic reaction and mutual relationship between environment and organism ("way of life") demonstrated by a group of evolutionarily related organism | 70 | |
| 1683458802 | Monophyletic | The word ___________ is Pertaining to a taxon derived from a single ancestral species that gave rise to no species in any other taxa. | 71 | |
| 1683458803 | Paraphyletic | The word ___________ is pertaining to a grouping of species that consists of an ancestral species and some, but not all, of its descendants. | 72 | |
| 1683458804 | True | True or False, Cladistics only recognize Monophyletic taxa | 73 | |
| 1683458805 | Protostomes and Deuterostomes | What are the two major groups of triploblastic animals (bilateral)? | 74 | |
| 1684522191 | cleavage patterns, fate of blastopore, mesoderm formation, coelom formation | what are the four identification characteristics that protostomes and deuterostome groups have? | 75 | |
| 1684522192 | Deuterostome embryos. Protostome embryos. | ________________ develop a complete gut, blastopore becomes the anus while second opening becomes the mouth. _______________, Blastopore becomes the mouth and the anus forms from a second opening. | 76 | |
| 1684522193 | Ectoderm- epithelium and nervous system tissue. Endoderm- Epithelial lining of the digestive tube. Mesoderm- The muscular system, reproductive system, peritoneum, endoskeleton | Describe the 3 germ layers and what they make up. | 77 | |
| 1684522194 | Coelom | _____________ is the fluid filled cavity completely lined or surrounded by mesoderm. | 78 | |
| 1684522195 | Schizocoely | what is it called when a coelom is formed by the splitting of embryonic mesoderm? | 79 | |
| 1684522196 | enterocoely | in deuterosomes; process in which cells in the endoderm divide rapidly and roll outward into the blastocoel to form the mesoderm; mesoderm and coelom form simultaneously | 80 | |
| 1684522197 | Coelomic cavity | This is formed by Schizocoely or enterocoely. | 81 | |
| 1684522198 | Inherited | The method by witch the coelom forms is what type of character? (This is important in grouping organisms based on developmental characteristics) | 82 | |
| 1684522199 | 3 Tissue layer, 2 Cavities | Upon completion of coelom formation the body has _____ tissue layers and _____ cavities. | 83 | |
| 1684522200 | Acoelomate plan | What is it called when Mesodermal cells completely fill the blastocoel and gut is the only body cavity? | 84 | |
| 1684522201 | Pseudocoelomate | Mesodermal cells line the outer edge of the blastocoel, 2 body cavities formed. Persistent blastocoel (pseudocoelom) and gut cavity pseudocoelom is a false body cavity (only partially lined with mesoderm) this is called a ______________ | 85 | |
| 1684522202 | Eucoelomate | Mesodermal cells fill blastocoel, mesoderm splits, The space is called a coelom, it has a true body cavity meaning it is completely lined by mesoderm. 2 body cavities formed (gut and coelom). This is called a ___________. | 86 | |
| 1684522203 | Symmetry | _____________ = Correspondence of size and shape of parts on opposite sides of a median plane. | 87 | |
| 1684522204 | Asymmetrical | ____________ Animals have no general body plan, these animals have no definite shape. | 88 | |
| 1684522205 | Radial | Can be divided into equal parts around a central axis. This is called ___________ symmetry. | 89 | |
| 1684522206 | Bilateral | ____________ symmetry means that the organism can be divided along a sagittal plane into two mirror portions (right and left halves). | 90 | |
| 1684522207 | Anterior, Posterior, Dorsal, Ventral, Medial, Lateral | the regions of bilaterally symmetrical animals include the _________ or head end, _________ or tail end, _________ or back side, _________ or front/belly side, ___________ or midline of the body and __________ or sides | 91 | |
| 1684522208 | Distal, Proximal, Frontal Plane (Coronal plane), Sagittal plane, Transverse plane (cross section) | Other ways upon which you can describe the location of a body part in a bilaterally symmetrical animal is: _______ or parts Further from the middle of the body, _________ or parts that are Nearer to the middle of the body, ______________ Divides bilateral body into dorsal and ventral halves, ____________ Divides the body into right and left halves, __________ Divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. | 92 | |
| 1684522209 | Epithelia- Lining Nervous- Control Muscular - Movement Connective -Support | What are the 4 types of tissues and a one word definition of there function. | 93 | |
| 1684522210 | Cells | What is the smallest unit of life? Simplest metazoans, they demonstrate division of labor but are not strongly associated to perform a specific collective function on a more macro scale. | 94 | |
| 1684522211 | Tissue | Cells grouped together to perform a similar function is called a __________. | 95 | |
| 1684522212 | Organs | Tissues are assembled into larger functional units called ___________. | 96 | |
| 1684522213 | Organ System | Organs work together to perform a common function, this higher level of organization is called a/an__________________ | 97 | |
| 1684522214 | Metamere, Somite. Metamerism (segmentation) | Serial representation of similar body segments along longitudinal axis of the body. Each segment is a _________ or ___________. _________ permits greater body mobility and complexity of structures and function. ex. Annelids, Arthropods, Chordates | 98 | |
| 1684522215 | 34, Cambrian | Zoologists recognize ________ major phyla of living multicellular animals. They are survivors of around 100 phyla that appeared 600 million years ago during the _____________ explosion (Burgess Shale) which happened to be the most important evolutionary event in geological history of life. | 99 | |
| 1691037073 | Phagotrophs or holozoic | Heterotrophs that feed on visible particles are ___________ or __________ feeders. | 100 | |
| 1691037074 | osmotrophs or saprozoic | Heterotrophs that ingest soluble food are ____________ or _________ feeders. | 101 | |
| 1691037075 | pseudopodia | Amebas extend their ___________ to move. | 102 | |
| 1691037076 | Axopodia | _________ are thin, pointed pseudopodia that contain a central longitudinal filament of microtubules called an axoneme, | 103 | |
| 1691037077 | Testate | Amebas that make shells are called__________. | 104 | |
| 1691037078 | Limax form | Some amebas aggregate and move as a unit; this movement is called the ______________ | 105 | |
| 1691037079 | Filopodia | ____________ are thin extensions, usually branching, and containing only ectoplasm. | 106 | |
| 1691037080 | Reticulopodia | _________ are long branching pseudopodia that protrude through the shell pores of foraminifera to form a network used in food capture. | 107 | |
| 1691037081 | Hyaline cap | _______ is an extension of ectoplasm; endoplasm flows into it, becomes gel-like ectoplasm which anchors cell | 108 | |
| 1691037082 | hydrogenosome | A___________ is a membrane-bound organelle of ciliates, trichomonads and fungi which produces molecular hydrogen and ATP. This organelle is thought to have most likely evolved from mitochondria. | 109 | |
| 1691037083 | Kinetoplasts | __________ contain masses of circular DNA molecules and work in association with a kinetosome, an organelle at the base of a flagellum. | 110 | |
| 1691037084 | dictyosomes | Golgi complexes are also called ____________. | 111 | |
| 1691037085 | Cytosome | mouth-like opening in ciliates/protozoa. | 112 | |
| 1691037086 | cytopyge | functions as expulsion of waste sites in some protozoa, ~anus, also called a cytoproct. | 113 | |
| 1691037087 | Multiple Fission, Sporogony | ________ is asexual reproduction in which a single cell undergoes many mitotic divisions in the nucleus and a number of daughter cells are produced all at once, this is also called schizogony. If this is preceded by or associated with union of gametes, it is called _________. | 114 | |
| 1691037088 | isogametes, anisogametes | When gametes all look alike they are called ___________. when dissimilar (most species) it is called ____________. | 115 | |
| 1691037089 | Syngamy | Fertilization of an individual gamete by another is called _____________. | 116 | |
| 1691037090 | autogamy | Gametic nuclei arising by meiosis and forming a zygote within the same organism that produced them is a process called_________. | 117 | |
| 1691037091 | Encysment | _____________ is to form a protective capsule (cyst) allows survival under adverse conditions. | 118 | |
| 1691037092 | axostyle | The rodlike support structure found in some flagellates is called an _____________. | 119 | |
| 1691037093 | Contractile Vacuole | The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell is called a ________________. | 120 | |
| 1691037094 | False, they are always multinucleate | True or False, Ciliates are always mononucleate. | 121 | |
| 1691162056 | Oral Groove | In a paramecium the ___________ is a depression that runs obliquely backward on the ventral side. | 122 | |
| 1691162057 | Pellicle | __________ is a clear elastic membrane that may be ornamented by ridges or papilla-like projections (paramecium) | 123 | |
| 1691162058 | Binary fission | A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size. This is called __________________. | 124 | |
| 1691162059 | Apical complex | All apicomplexans are endoparasites, and their hosts include many animal phyla, the presence of a certain combination of organelles, the __________ __________, distinguishes this phylum. | 125 | |
| 1691162060 | Bradyzoites | _________ is the form of toxoplasma gondii (parasite of cats) that stays in cysts in skeletal and cardiac muscle and nerve tissue, form from walled off tachyzoites. It is estimated that 1/3 of the worlds human population carries tissue cysts containing these. | 126 | |
| 1691162061 | Malaria | ___________ is an infective disease caused by sporozoan parasites that are transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito, the period upon witch the parasites are in the liver is called the incubation period. | 127 | |
| 1691162062 | Merozoites | ___________ is when the sporozoites undergo schizogony in liver cells and produce thousand of progeny which infect red blood cells. | 128 | |
| 1691162063 | Toxoplasma | ________ is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis; one of the most widely distributed parasites of humans; cats are definitve host; infection results from consumption of undercooked meat; can infect fetus. | 129 | |
| 1691246612 | Protozoan | A single-celled protist that can be aquatic or parasitic, that has organelles enclosed by a membrane and that can move independently; examples include amebas and paramecia would be classified as a ______________. | 130 | |
| 1691246613 | Porifera | what phylum are sponges in? | 131 | |
| 1691246614 | Placozoa | a phylum of plate like animals that can move on the substrate by laying down mucus and gliding across with cilia their bodies are arranged in three layers one cell thick and can reproduce sexually and asexually and may be related to the dipoblastic organisms. The phylum that best suits these traits is ___________. | 132 | |
| 1691246615 | Choanoflagellates | Protists that resemble sponge cells in having a microvilli collar around a single flagellum at their anterior end closest living protistan relatives of the animals are ______________. | 133 | |
| 1691246616 | choanocytes | Collar cells that line the body cavity and have flagella that circulate water in sponges are called ___________. | 134 | |
| 1691246617 | Spicules | _______ are hard needlelike structures that form the skeleton of sponges; can be either calcium carbonate (such as Grantia) or silica (such as the Venus Flower Basket). | 135 | |
| 1691246618 | Spongin | ___________ is the collagen protein that forms the fibrous skeleton of a sponge, and is the soft and flexible material where the spicules are embedded. | 136 | |
| 1691246619 | Suspension | The use of the collar (choanocytes) as a filter to feed a sponge is called ______________ feeding. | 137 | |
| 1691246620 | Spongocoel | The central cavity of sponges that water passes into is called the ______________. | 138 | |
| 1691246621 | asconoid | very small, flagella that move water through the spongocoel is called the ____________. | 139 | |
| 1691323333 | syconoid | Which body plan has choanocytes lining the radial canals? (Porifera) | 140 | |
| 1691323334 | Asconoid | what type of sponges have the simplest organization? | 141 | |
| 1691323335 | apopyles | The Opening through which water passes out of the radial canals into the spongocoel from the beating of choanocytes in sponges is called ______________. | 142 | |
| 1691323336 | Radial Canals | Where is food ingested by the choanocytes? | 143 | |
| 1691323337 | Osculum | A large opening on a sponge through which filtered water is expelled is called an ____________. | 144 | |
| 1691323338 | mesenchyme | Sponge cells are loosely arranged in a gelatinous extracellular matrix called a _______________. or Mesohyl. | 145 | |
| 1691323339 | Archaeocytes | amoeba like cells that can move and change in a sponge; involved in digestion, production of eggs and sperms, and excretion; can become specialized cells that secrete spicules. These are called ____________. | 146 | |
| 1691323340 | pinacocytes | _______ are epithelial type cells making up the outer layer of the sponge. | 147 | |
| 1691323341 | Parenchymula | free-swimming larva of sponges is called________. | 148 | |
| 1691323342 | Class Demospongiae | What group contains 95% of living sponge species? | 149 | |
| 1691363694 | Cnidaria | What phylum best fits this: Anthozoa, Hydrazoa, Cubozoa, Scyphozoa; Hydra are freshwater, and have no medusa stage; Glides on gas bubble | 150 | |
| 1691363695 | Ctenophora | Comb Jellies (jellyfish type) which uses cilia (commonly called combs) to swim. Resemble cnidaria but use these cilia. Has decentralized nerve net instead of break like other jellyfish. Main Thing: Cilia using Jellyfish. What phylum describes this? | 151 | |
| 1691363696 | Nematocysts | ____________In a cnidocyte of a cnidarian, a specialized capsule-like organelle containing a coiled thread that when discharged can penetrate the body wall of the prey. | 152 | |
| 1691363697 | cnidocyte | __________ is a specialized cell for which the phylum Cnidaria is named; consists of a capsule containing a fine coiled thread, which, when discharged, functions in defense and prey capture. (stinging cell) | 153 | |
| 1691842409 | Polyp (hydroid) or Medusa (jellyfish) | All Cniderian forms fit into one of the two morphological types ____________ or ___________. | 154 | |
| 1691842410 | Polymorphism | __________ occurs when a single genotype can express more than one body form. | 155 | |
| 1691842411 | Strobilation | a budding process where individual polyps produce stacks of early medusas is called ___________. | 156 | |
| 1691842412 | Cnidoblast | Like an osteoblast is the primary cell type for bone formation in humans, and a chondroblast develops the cartilage for humans a cnidocyte is properly called a ___________ during the formation of cnidae. | 157 | |
| 1691842413 | cnidocil | _______ is a bristle-like structure that extends from one end of a cnidocyte and functions as a trigger. | 158 | |
| 1691842414 | gonagium | The reproductive polyp of an obelia is called ___________. | 159 | |
| 1691842415 | statocysts | groups of sensory cells that help cnidarians determine the direction of gravity are called ____________. | 160 | |
| 1691842416 | hypostome | __________ is a conical structure at the oral end of a hydra that bears the mouth surrounded by tentacles. | 161 | |
| 1691842417 | Basal disk | _______ _______ is a small area on hydra that secretes a sticky substance from gland cells, which enables them to adhere to rocks or plants in the water. | 162 | |
| 1691842418 | scyphistoma | when the planula larva escapes from the parent and attaches to a substratum, it develops into tiny polyps called a _______________. | 163 | |
| 1691842419 | protandrous | Monoecious species are ___________ meaning they sperm first, then egg) | 164 | |
| 1691842420 | Acoelomorpha | ____________are triplobalstic and have a ciliated epidermis. they are hard to classify. no anus. they lack a true brain. | 165 | |
| 1691842421 | Platyzoa | ___________ are tiny and flat animals that move by ciliary motion; platyhelminthes, rotifera, micrognathozoa | 166 | |
| 1691842422 | Mesozoa | ________ are tiny ciliated animals ranging in size from only .5 mm to 7mm in length. Close to microscopic. Exists within the cephalopod molluscs. | 167 | |
| 1691842423 | acolemate | ________ means central space filled with tissue-mesoderm, no true body cavity, no coelum in embryo. | 168 | |
| 1691842424 | monoecious | ________ means having male and female reproductive organs in the same plant or animal. (Acoelomorphs are an example) | 169 | |
| 1691842425 | syncytial tegument | _____________________ also known as a neodermis; nonciliated body covering of the three classes in Phylum Platyhelminthes. Multiple nuclei are enclosed within a single cell membrane. | 170 | |
| 1691842426 | pharyngeal sheath | what encloses, surrounds and protects the pharynx of a platyhelminth digestive tract? | 171 | |
| 1691842427 | protonephridia | The excretory systems of flatworms, forming a network of dead-end tubules connected to external openings is called its _______________. | 172 | |
| 1691842428 | clonorchis sinensis | ______________________Causes Oriental Liver Fluke and liver disease; transmission of parasite from the mammal host to humans (cats, dogs, swine) | 173 | |
| 1691842429 | scolex | __________ is the head of an adult tapeworm; can contain suckers or hooks. | 174 |
