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| 147950262 | Chinese Empire under seige | China developed reform programs to preserve the Qing Dynasty: had little effect and seriously weakene the condition of China | 0 | |
| 147950263 | The Oium war and Unequal Treaties | Cohongs- specially liscensed trade firms Euro. merchants paid largely w/ silver bullions b/c not much need for Euro. products | 1 | |
| 147950264 | The Opium Trade | Started trade w/ opium in exchange for Chinese silver coins that were then used in Guangzhou; opium trade expanded due to the Chinese dug addict habbits | 2 | |
| 147950265 | Lin Zexu | Opium drained large quantities of slver bullion and it also created serious social problems/ Lin Zexu had the task of destroying the Opium trade. his policy ignited The Opium War that ended in a Humiliating defeat for China | 3 | |
| 147950266 | Letter of Lin Zexu To Queen Victoria | he kindly asked that the traders would stop selling opium in China and that anyone caught would be killed; also said that it was G.B.'s fault since they were the ones providing China with it | 4 | |
| 147950267 | The Opium War | though they were losing, the Chinese wouldn't allow opium to be traded.; British armada, led by the Nemesis advanced up the Yangzi River Result: Chinese sued for peace. | 5 | |
| 147950268 | Unequal Treaties | Treaty of Nanjing- conclusion of the Opium War; governed relations only between G.B. and China; places like U.S. and Japan tried to do the same w/ weaker, unequal treaties; Chinese ports were soon under control of foreign powers | 6 | |
| 147950269 | Pop. Growth | pop rose, land under cultivation didn't equal up to the increase of pop. pop growth strained china's resources rebellions erupted due to unfairness (corruption of gov. officials) brought Qing dynasty to brink of collapse | 7 | |
| 147950270 | Taiping Prgram | Qing elites had adapted to Chinese ways, but Manchu ruling clas were considered foreigners. Taiping reform program appealed to discontented subjects; also decreed equality of men and women, and prohibited sexual intercurse among their followers | 8 | |
| 147950271 | new kingdom: new catipal | Nanjing- capital of Taiping ("Great Peace") kingdom - followed be whole towns and citie, poised to attack Beijing, then 5 years later, threatened Shanghai | 9 | |
| 147950272 | Taiping Defeat | gentry sidded w/ Qing gov. tp preserve the established order. replaced manchu soldiers w/ chinese ones, and were led led by scholar- genrty class. they gradually over came Taipings. Hong Xiuquan committed suicide and rebellion was finally over. | 10 | |
| 147950273 | Reform | Qing dynasty recognized changes to the gov. were needed to survive. now: Confucian gov. and foreign technology (strengthened state power) | 11 | |
| 147950274 | Self- Strengthening Movement | Self- Strengthening Movement- "Chinese learning at the base, Western learning for use."; sought to blend Chinese traditions w/ Euro. industrial techno | 12 | |
| 147950275 | contradictions | Laid foundation fo industrialization, but brought only superficial change to economy and society. movement founded on contradiction- Industraliazation: ag. land :: Euro. edu. : Confucian values | 13 | |
| 147950276 | Spheres of Influence | France: Vietnam:: G.B. : Burma; foreign pwoers carved china itself into spheres of economic influence. RR and mineral development to Germany; Shandong :: France: southern boarder provinces :: G.B. : Yangzi River Valley :: Japan : SE coastal provinces ::Russia : Manchuria | 14 | |
| 147950277 | Hundred Days Reform | setbacks sparked Hundred Days Reform. leading figures- Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao. wanted to remake China into a powerful modern industrial society. Emperor Guangxu liked it and launched program to transform China into a constitutional monarchy. Emperor's aunt- Empress Dowager Cixi imprisoned the emperor , killed 6 leading reformers; Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao escaped to Japan | 15 | |
| 147950278 | The Boxer Rebellion | antiforeign Boxer Rebellion- militia units called themselves the Society of Righteousness and Harmonious Fit. they besieged foreign embassies and the foreign powers crushed them. | 16 | |
| 147950279 | End of Qing Dyansty | Chinese regarded Qing dynasty as bankrupt for supporting Boxer Rebellion. Revolutionary uprisings- Cixi died (had left 2-yr old Puyi to imperial throne) day after emperor died mysteriously. early 1912, last emperor abdicated throne. | 17 |
