Terms : Hide Images
| 142981947 | Personality | the organization of enduring behavior patterns that often serve to distinguish us form one another | 0 | |
| 142981948 | Unconscious | a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories | 1 | |
| 142981949 | Dream Analysis | interpret the manifest and latent contents of dreams | 2 | |
| 142981950 | Free Association | a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing | 3 | |
| 142981951 | Psychoanalysis | Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions | 4 | |
| 142981952 | Id | contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. | 5 | |
| 142981953 | Ego | the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that mediates among the demands of the id, superego,, and reality. | 6 | |
| 142981954 | Superego | the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations | 7 | |
| 142981955 | Psychosexual Stages | the childhood stages of development during which the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones | 8 | |
| 142981956 | Oral Stage | Pleasure centers on the mouth- sucking, biting, chewing; 0-18 months | 9 | |
| 142981957 | Anal Stage | Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control; 18-36 months | 10 | |
| 142981958 | Phallic Stage | Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings; 3-6 years | 11 | |
| 142981959 | Latency Stage | Dormant sexual feelings; 6 to puberty | 12 | |
| 142981960 | Genital | Maturation of sexual interests; puberty on | 13 | |
| 142981961 | Identification | the process by which children incorporate their parents' value into their developing superegos | 14 | |
| 142981962 | Oedipus complex | a boy's sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father | 15 | |
| 142981963 | Electra | a girl's desire for her father | 16 | |
| 142981964 | Fixation | a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved | 17 | |
| 142981965 | Defense Mechanism | the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality | 18 | |
| 142981966 | Repression | the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness | 19 | |
| 142981967 | Regression | an individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated | 20 | |
| 142981968 | Reaction Formation | the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites | 21 | |
| 142981969 | Projection | people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others | 22 | |
| 142981970 | Rationalization | self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions | 23 | |
| 142981971 | Displacement | shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet | 24 | |
| 142981972 | Denial | people refuse to believe or even to perceive painful realities | 25 | |
| 142981973 | Inferiority Complex | we are each born with a sense of inferiority which we strive to overcome; Alfred Adler | 26 | |
| 142981974 | Womb Envy | male equivalent of penis envy, males are jealous of females ability to create and sustain life; Karen Horney | 27 | |
| 142981975 | Collective Unconscious | our species universal experiences; Jung | 28 | |
| 142981976 | Archetypes | Animus and Anima, shadow; Jung | 29 | |
| 142981977 | Projective Tests | a personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamics | 30 | |
| 142981978 | TAT | a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes | 31 | |
| 142981979 | Rorshach Inkblots | the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, designed by Hermann Rorshach; seeks to indentify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots | 32 | |
| 142981980 | Lack Reliability | When evaluation the same patient, even trained raters come up wit different interpretations | 33 | |
| 142981981 | Lack Validity | projective tests may misdiagnose a normal individual as pathological | 34 | |
| 142981982 | False Consensus Effect | the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs (speeding, cheating on our taxes, sexual activity among adolescents) | 35 | |
| 142981983 | Self-Actualization | one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential | 36 | |
| 142981984 | Unconditional Positive Regard | an attitude of total acceptance toward another person | 37 | |
| 142981985 | Self concept | all of our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, "Who am i?" | 38 | |
| 142981986 | Myers-Briggs Type Indicator | the identification and description of the 16 distinctive personality types that result from the interactions among the preferences | 39 | |
| 142981987 | Factor Analysis | Has and Sybil Eysenck; two polar dimensions: extraversion-introversion, emotional stability-instability | 40 | |
| 142981988 | MMPI | most widely researched and clinically used test; covers a wide range of feelings and behaviors | 41 | |
| 142981989 | The Big Five Factors | an expanded range of traits does a better job of assessment than Eysencks' dimensions | 42 | |
| 142981990 | The Person-Situation Controversy | Argue that behaviors form a situation may be different, but average behavior remains the same. Therefore, traits do not matter | 43 | |
| 142981991 | Reciprocal Determinism | a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personality and the social environment | 44 | |
| 142981992 | External Locus of Control | the perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate | 45 | |
| 142981993 | Internal Locus of Control | the perception that we can control our own fate | 46 | |
| 142981994 | Learned Helplessness | when animals or people feel that they have no control over their situation, they may behave in a helpless manner, even when the situation changes | 47 | |
| 142981995 | Possible Selves | Positive and Negative | 48 | |
| 142981996 | Spotlight Effect | the tendency to believe that other people are paying closer attention to one's appearance and behavior than they really are (teenagers) | 49 | |
| 142981997 | Self-Serving Bias | we accept responsibility for good deeds and successes more than for bad deeds and failures | 50 |
