Eastern Absolutism
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| 201464063 | War of Austrian Succession | (1740-1748) Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Hapsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor and archduke of Austria, many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa would succeed him. | |
| 201464064 | Junkers | Members of the Prussian landed aristocracy, a class formerly associated with political reaction and militarism. | |
| 201464065 | Pragmatic Sanction | Issued by Charles VI of Austria in 1713 to assure his daughter Maria Theresa gained the throne. | |
| 201464066 | Charles VI | (r. 1711-1740) Obsessed with keeping the Habsburg empire together, issued the Pragmatic Sanction. No make heir so the empire passed to Maria Theresa. | |
| 201464067 | Maria Theresa | (r. 1740-1780) Won the War of Austrian Succession after defeating Frederick II of Prussia, but losing Silesia. | |
| 201464068 | Romanovs | Russian dynasty, started with Michael Romanov after the Time of Troubles and lasted until the revolution in 1917 and the execution of Nicholas II. | |
| 201464069 | Hohenzollern | German royal family who ruled Brandenburg from 1415 and later extended their control to Prussia (1525). Under Frederick I (r. 1701-1713) the family's possessions were unified as the kingdom of Prussia. | |
| 201464070 | Frederick William the Great Elector | First man who made modern Prussia. | |
| 201464071 | Boyars | Land owning aristocracy in early Russia. | |
| 201464072 | Dvorianie | Established by Peter the Great, they received land and control of the peasants. | |
| 201464073 | Muscovy | A former principality in west-central Russia. Centered on Moscow, it was founded c. 1280 and existed as a separate entity until the 16th century, when it was united with another principality to form the nucleus of the early Russian empire. The name was then used for the expanded territory. | |
| 201464074 | Magyars | Land owning aristocracy in Hungary. | |
| 201464075 | The Royal Society of London | Established by Charles II in 1662; purpose to help the sciences. | |
| 201464076 | Voltaire | French, perhaps greatest Enlightenment thinker. Deist. Mixed glorification and reason with an appeal for better individuals and institutions. Wrote Candide. Believed enlightenment despot best form of government. | |
| 201464077 | Deism | God built the universe and let it run. Clockmaker theory. | |
| 201464078 | Enlightened Despot | Enlightened ruler. Catherine the Great, Frederick the Great. | |
| 201464079 | Humanitarianism | Promoting human welfare and social reform. | |
| 201464080 | Second Treatise of Government | (1690) Written by Locke, Government crated to protect life, liberty, and property. | |
| 201464081 | Essay Concerning Human Understanding | (1690) Written by Locke, tabula rasa theory. | |
| 201464082 | Rococo | Art style that focuses on pastels, ornate interiors, and sentimental portraits. | |
| 201464083 | The Spirit of Laws | (1748) Montesquieu, about separation of powers. | |
| 201464084 | The Social Contract | Rousseau, suggestions in reforming the political system and modeled after the Greek polis. | |
| 201464085 | Candide | Voltaire, satirizing society and organized religion in Europe. | |
| 201464086 | Montesquieu | French philosopher. Wrote The Spirit of Laws. Said "Power checks power". Separation of powers. Form of government varies according to climate. | |
| 201464087 | Capitalism | Economic theory of maintaining balance of exports and imports. The opposite of socialism and communism. |
