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| 84528268 | Phosphate Group | consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. It is usually ionized and attached to the carbon skeleton by one of its oxygen atoms. |  |
| 84528269 | Amino Group | composed of a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms and the carbon skeleton. It acts as a base by picking up H+ from a solution. (-NH2) |  |
| 84528271 | Hydroxyl Group | consists of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to the carbon, called alcohols (-OH) |  |
| 84528272 | Carbonyl Group | carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen (C=O) |  |
| 84528273 | Sulfhydryl | consists of a sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen. (-SH) |  |
| 84528274 | Carboxyl Group | carbon atom both double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to the oxygen of a hydroxyl group (-COOH) |  |
| 84528275 | Methyl | consists of a carbon bonded to three hydrogens. (-CH3) |  |
| 84541598 | vitalism | belief in a life force outside the jurisdiction of chemical/ physical laws | |
| 84541599 | mechanism | belief that all natural phenomena are governed by physical and chemical laws | |
| 84541600 | Miller | synthesized various organic compounds in 1953 | |
| 84541601 | tetravalence | the sharing of valence electrons in four covalent bonds | |
| 84541602 | covalent bond | a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms | |
| 84541603 | Structural Isomers | differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms, also may differ in location of double bonds | |
| 84541604 | Geometric Isomers | have the same covalent partnerships but differ in their spatial arrangements | |
| 84541605 | Enantiomers | molecules that are mirror images of each other | |
| 84541606 | aldehyde | when the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon skeleton | |
| 84541607 | ketone | when the carbonyl group is in the center of the skeleton |
