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| 181570423 | rutherford experiment | Alpha particles pass thru gold foil ►atom = nucleus +empty space | |
| 181570424 | mass spectroscopy | Separates isotopes based on mass of particles. Lighter particles are deflected farther. | |
| 181570425 | alpha particle | Helium nucleus | |
| 181570426 | beta particle | electron | |
| 181570427 | gamma ray | no charge | |
| 181570428 | positron | positive electron | |
| 181570429 | law of multiple proportions | when two elements, A and B, combine in more than one compound, the B masses have a whole number ratio | |
| 181570430 | anhydrides | oxides react w/ water to form acids or bases | |
| 181570431 | acidic anhydrides | from nonmetallic oxides | |
| 181570432 | basic anhydrides | from metallic oxides | |
| 181570433 | electrolytic solutions | the more it ionizes the better | |
| 181570434 | ionic compound | good electrolyte | |
| 181570435 | covalent compound | poor electrolyte | |
| 181570436 | polar molecule | bad electrolyte | |
| 181570437 | brownian movement | colloidal particles move in zigzag motion | |
| 181570438 | deliquescent | (especially of certain salts) becoming liquid by absorbing moisture from the air | |
| 181570439 | litmus paper | Used to determine whether a substance is acidic or basic. Bases turn red litmus blue. Acids turn blue Linus red. | |
| 181570440 | boyle's law | P1V1=P2V2 | |
| 181570441 | charle's law | V1/T1 = V2/T2 | |
| 181570442 | Dalton's law of partial pressure | P total=P1+P2+P3... | |
| 181570443 | graham's law of effusion | rate1/rate2=√(MM2/mm1) | |
| 181570444 | molarity | number of moles of solute per liter of solution | |
| 181570445 | molality | moles of solute/Kg of solvent | |
| 181570446 | hess's law | the overall enthalpy change in a reaction is equal to the sum of enthalpy changes for the individual steps in the process | |
| 181570447 | bohr model of an atom | dense and positive nucleus, negative electrons | |
| 181570448 | max # of electrons per orbital | 2n squared | |
| 181570449 | avagadro's law | equal volumes of different gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure have the same number of molecules | |
| 181570450 | law of definite composition | a compound always contains two or more elements combined in a definite proportion by mass | |
| 181570451 | faraday's law | an electric field is induced in any region of space iun which a magnetic field is changing with time; the magnitude of the induced electric field is proportional to the rate at which the magnetic field changes | |
| 181570452 | first law of thermodynamics | energy is neither created nor destroyed, but may be converted from one form to another | |
| 181570453 | second law of thermodynamics | a law stating that mechanical work can be derived from a body only when that body interacts with another at a lower temperature | |
| 181570454 | henry's law | The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid | |
| 181570455 | percent error | measured value - accepted value / accepted value | |
| 181570456 | percent yield | actual yield / expected yield | |
| 181570457 | gibbs free energy | ▲G=▲H-T▲S | |
| 181570458 | pauli exclusion | Orbital can hold at most 2 electrons. To occupy same orbital, electron must have opposite spin. | |
| 181570459 | hund's law | each subshell in an orbital must have one electron before pairing up | |
| 181570460 | aufbau principle | an electron occupies the lowest-energy orbital that can receive it | |
| 181570461 | le chatlier's principle | if equilibrium is disturbed, the reaction will shift in a direction to relieve the disturbance | |
| 181570462 | ester | contains an internal O=C-O- group | |
| 181570463 | ether | R-O-R | |
| 181570464 | alcohol | hydroxyl group | |
| 181570465 | carboxyl group | cooh |
