Terms : Hide Images
| 419871482 | Theory | Describes and/or explains the relationship between two or more observations. | |
| 419871483 | Deductive theory | Proceeds from general ideas, knowledge, or understanding of the social world from which specific hypotheses are logically deduced and tested. | |
| 419871484 | Inductive theory | Proceeds from concrete observations from which general conclusions are inferred through a process of reasoning. | |
| 419871485 | Interpretive sociology | Studies the processes whereby human beings attach meaning to their lives. | |
| 419871486 | Conflict paradigm / theory | Views society as being characterized by conflict and inequality. | |
| 419871487 | Structural Functionalism | A framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. | |
| 419871488 | Verstehen | Understanding as a means of characterizing and interpreting or explaining. | |
| 419871489 | Independent variable | One that influences another variable. | |
| 419871490 | Dependent variable | One being influenced by another variable. | |
| 419871491 | Representative sampline | One that accurately reflects the population form which it is drawn | |
| 419871492 | Random sample | One where every member of the population has the same chance of being chosen for study (as in throwing names of everyone in a hat). | |
| 419871493 | Systematic sample | Type of sample in which the "nth" unit in a list is selected for inclusion in the sample (for example the 5th person listed in a phone book). | |
| 419871494 | Stratified sampling | Uses the differences that already exist in a population, such as between males and females, as the basis for selecting sample. | |
| 419871495 | Unobtrusive observation | Observing from a distance, not being involved in the group or activity being studied. | |
| 419871496 | Participant Observation | Observant who is a member of the group or a participant in the activity he/she is studying. | |
| 419871497 | Secondary Analysis | Analysis of existing sources of information. | |
| 419871498 | Content Analysis | The techniques employed to describe the contents of the materials (percentages, average, rate...). | |
| 419871499 | Primary Socialization | Refers to the initial socialization that a child receives through which he or she becomes a member of society. | |
| 419871500 | Secondary socialization | Refers to the subsequent experience of socialization into new sectors of society by an already socialized person. | |
| 419871501 | Resocialization | Refers to the process of discarding behavioral practices and adopting new ones as part of a transition in life. | |
| 419885550 | Social Structure | The way in which people's relationships in society are arranged to form a network. | |
| 419885551 | Ascribed Status | Automatically and involuntarily conferred on individuals without any effort or choice made on their part. | |
| 419885552 | Achieved Status | One that is assumed largely through ones own doing or efforts. | |
| 419885553 | Master Status | Is the status with which a person is most identified. | |
| 419885554 | Status Set | Consist of all the statuses that a person occupies. | |
| 419885555 | Role | Refers to what a person does by virtue of occupying a particular status or position. | |
| 419885556 | Role Strain | Referes to the situation where different and conflicting expectations exist with regard to a particular status. | |
| 419885557 | Role Conflict | Occurs when a person occupies multiple statuses that contradict one another. | |
| 419885558 | Group | Assembly of people or things. | |
| 419885559 | Association | Type of relationship formed on the basis of an accommodation of interest or on the basis or an agreement. | |
| 419885560 | Command relationship | Formed on the basis of a subjective feeling of the parties "that they belong together" whether the feeling is personal or is linked with tradition. | |
| 419885561 | Peer Group | "An association of self-selected equals" formed around common interests, sensibilities, preferences, and beliefs. | |
| 419885562 | Aggregate | Consists of a number of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time. | |
| 419885563 | Social Category | Consistes of a number of people with certain characteristics in common. | |
| 419885564 | Social Group | Consists of a collection of people interacting with one another in an orderly fashion. | |
| 419893028 | Primary Group | The interaction is direct, the common bonds are close and intimate, and the relationships among members are warm, intimate, and personal. | |
| 419893029 | Secondary Group | Interaction is anonymous, the bonds are impersonal, the duration of time of the group is short, and the relationships involve few emotional ties. | |
| 419893030 | Gemeinschaft | Referring to those small communities characterized by tradition and united by the belief in common ancestry or by geographic proximity in relationships largely of the primary group sort. | |
| 419893031 | Gesellschaft | Refers to contractual relationships of a voluntary mature of limited duration and quality, based on rational self-interest, and formed for the explicit purpose of achieving a particular goal. | |
| 419893032 | Dyad | Two people in which either members departure destroys the group. | |
| 419893033 | Triad | of three, the addition of a third person sometimes serving as a mediator or nonpartisan party. | |
| 419893034 | Interaction process analysis | A technique of observing and immediately classifying in predetermined ways the ongoing activity in a small group. | |
| 419893035 | Sociometry | Technique focused on establishing the direction of the interaction in small groups. | |
| 419893036 | Reference Groups | social groups that provide the standards in terms of which we evaluate ourselves. | |
| 419893037 | Group conformity | Referes to individuals compliance with group goals, in spite of the fact that group goals may be in conflict with individual goals. | |
| 419893038 | Groupthink | A related phenomenon, occurs when group members begin to think similarly and conform to one another views. | |
| 419893039 | Authoritarian leader | Leader that gives orders. | |
| 419893040 | Democratic leader | Leader who seeks a consensus on the course of action to be taken. | |
| 419893041 | Laissez-faire | Leader who mainly let the group be-doing little if anything to provide direction or organization. | |
| 419893042 | Organization | Represents a specific type of social relationship or arrangement between persons that is either closed to outsiders or that limits their admission. | |
| 419893043 | Formal organization | Represents a type of group or structural pattern within which behavior is carried out in a society. | |
| 419893044 | Stigma | The mark of social disgrace that sets the deviant apart from other members of society who regard themselves as normal. | |
| 419894705 | Social stratification | Represents the structured inequality characterized by groups of people with differential access to the rewards of society because of their relative position in the social hierarchy. | |
| 419894706 | Social hierarchy | Ranked statuses in which people function. | |
| 419894707 | Social mobility | Refers to the ability of a given individual or group to move through a social strata. | |
| 419894708 | Ethnicity | Refers to a population known and identified on the basis of their common language, national heritage, and/or biological inheritance. |
