Terms : Hide Images
| 339611831 | plasticity | ability to alter the form of the plant in response to the environment | |
| 339611832 | taproot | 1 large verticle root w/ smaller lateral roots; firm anchorage; most eudicots and gymnosperms | |
| 339611833 | root hairs | tiny extensions of epidermal cells on the root surface; most absorption occurs here | |
| 339611834 | adventitious roots | roots arising aboveground from stems or leaves; help prop up plant | |
| 339611835 | Node; internode | point at which leaves are attached; stem segment between nodes | |
| 339611836 | axillary bud; terminal bud | angle formed by each new leaf and stem; at tip of shoot, apical dominance prevents axiallary buds from growing | |
| 339611837 | stolon, rhizome, bulb/tuber | modified stems; horizontal shoots that grow on ground; horizontal shoots that grow underground (not roots); storage | |
| 339611838 | Leaves: blade, petiole, veins, some are modified for... | flat part, stalk, vascular tissue; support (tendrils), protection (thorn), storage, reproduction | |
| 339611839 | dermal tissue | epidermis; single layer of packed cells; root hairs, epidermis (secretes cuticle); trichomes (hairs on shoot epidermis, reduce water loss and reflect light, can protect against insects) | |
| 339611840 | stele.. | sylem and phloem | |
| 339611841 | xylem in regards to vascular tissue... | dead at matureity, secondary walls with lignin; moves water and minerals up thru the plant from the roots (tracheids help in support, lignified, in all vascular, long tubular, thing, water flows through pits in ends); vessel elements (angiosperm, thinner walled, wider, shorter, less tapered, more water flow than tracheids) | |
| 339611842 | phloem in regards to vascular tissue | alive at maturity; move sugar and nutrients through plant from where they are made to where they are needed; sieve -tube members (lack some organelles= no brain, sieve plate at ends of cells); companion cells (connected to andhelp sieve tube members, non-conducting cells, nucleus and ribos may help adjacent sieve tube member) | |
| 339611843 | ground tissue | neither dermal nor vascular tissue; functions in photosynthesis, storage and support; pith (internal to the vascular tissue), cortex (external to the vascular tissue) | |
| 339611844 | What are the 3 basic cell types in plants? | parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma | |
| 339611845 | parenchyma | least specialized plant cell; primary walls thin; usually no secondary walls; photosynthesis and storage of organic products; can differentiate into other types of cells | |
| 339611846 | collenchyma | primary walls thicker and uneven; usually no secondary walls; grouped in strands (celery); function in support of the plant; alive/flexible at maturity | |
| 339611847 | sclerenchyma | very rigid, thick secondary walls with lignin; may be dead at maturity; function in support; occurs in regions of the plant that have stopped growing | |
| 339611848 | meristems | perpetually embryonic cells | |
| 339611849 | apical meristems; lateral meristems | in tips of roots, buds of shoots, cause plant to grow in length; in woody plants in roots and stems, causes plant to grow in girth: vascular cambium (secondary xylem and secondary phlowm) and cork cambium (cork and periderm) | |
| 339611850 | zone of maturation | cells differentiate and become specialized; root hairs | |
| 339611851 | apical meristem produces (in the roots)... | dermal tissue (epidermis); vascular tissue (stele; pericycle - outermost cell layer in the vascular cylinder; lateral roots arise here); ground tissue (mostly parenchyma cells, endodermis (cylinder of cells supporting the vascular cylinder); cortex (between vascular tissue and dermal tissue)) | |
| 339611852 | Apical meristem produces (in the shoots)... | dermal tissue (epidermis); vascular tissue in bundles (eudicots - bundles in a ring, xylem to the inside; monocots - bundles scattered; sclerenchyma fiber cells in some plants) ground tissue (pith - internal to vascular tissue in eudicots, cortex - external to vascular tissue in eudicots) | |
| 339611853 | leaves are produced ___ by meristems; explain | indirectly; dermal tissue (epidermis, stomata, guard cells(controls opening); vascular tissue = vein -- xylem, ploem, bundle sheath; ground tissue (palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll (parenchyma) in eudicots, most photosynthesis in palisafe) | |
| 339611854 | bundle sheath cell | protective layer around the vascular tissue; usually made of parenchyma | |
| 339611855 | second growth occurs in ___ gymnosperms and ____ eudicots and ______ in monocots | all; some; rarely | |
| 339611856 | vascular cambium... | single layer of cells, develops from parenchyma cells, outside of primary xylem, inside of the primary phloem | |
| 339611857 | secondary phloem is produced to the ____ of the vascular cambium; explain | outside; bark = all tissue external to the vascular cambium; secondary phloem and periderm | |
| 339611858 | secondary zylem is produced to the ___ of the vascular cambium; explaim | inside; wood = secondary xylem; tracheids, vessels, fibers; lots of lignin; growth rings | |
| 339611859 | vascular rays | lines of cels, perpedicular to vascular cambium that connect secondary xylem and phloem | |
| 339611860 | cork cambium | produces cork to the outside of the cambium; cells have wax that helps protect the stem from water oss and invasion by predators; periderm (cork and cork cambium, protective coat which replaces epidermis as the epidermis breaks off) | |
| 339611861 | cell expansion in plants is due to... | uptake of water in central vacuole | |
| 339611862 | instead of hox genes, plants have ____ to regulate spatial formation | homeotic genes | |
| 339611863 | phase change in a plant | transition from one type of growth to another (from juvenile phase to adult phase or from vegetative phase to reproductive phase); involves changes in the apical meristem activity |
