Entails American Pageant Industry Comes of Age, Politics in the Gilded Age, America Moves to the City
614003615 | Waving the bloody shirt | Winning votes by flaunting Civil War accomplishments (Grant) | |
614003616 | Tweed's machine | Political machine in NY run by "Boss" Tweed | |
614003617 | Credit Mobilier Scandal | Railroad Scandal in which Union Pacific Railroad hired their own Credit Mobilier company | |
614003618 | Panic of 1873 | Panic caused by over-railroading and loans | |
614003619 | Gilded Age | Name that Mark Twain gave to the 3 decades after the Civil War in a book | |
614003620 | patronage | giving jobs to those who vote for you or support you | |
614003621 | Compromise of 1877 | Ended Reconstruction, resulted from the conflict in the 1876 election between Hayes and Tilden | |
614003622 | Civil Rights Act of 1875 | Prohibited racial discrimination towards colored people | |
614003623 | Sharecropping | crop-lien system by which blacks and small Southern farmers failed economically | |
614003624 | Jim Crow law | Legal segregation codes of 1890s | |
614003625 | Plessy v. Fergusson | Supreme Court case of 1896 that led to the phrase "Separate but equal" | |
614003626 | Chinese Exclusion Act | Act in 1882 that prohibited immigration from China | |
614003627 | Pendleton Act | 1883 Act that was a large leap for civil service reformers | |
614003628 | Grandfather clause | A way to enchain families in a vicious cycle of denial of suffrage | |
614003629 | Wasbash, St. Louis and Pacific Railroad Company v. Illinois | Supreme Court case that did not allow individual states to regulate interstate commerce: Note the link to Plessy v. Fergusson | |
614003630 | Interstate Commerce Act | 1887 Act that prohibited rebates and required railroads to publish their rates and end discrimination | |
614003631 | Vertical integration | Combining all phases of manufacturing into one's own organization- tactic employed by Carnegie the steel titan | |
614003632 | Horizontal integration | Allying with competitors to monopolize a market- tactic employed by Rockefeller | |
614003633 | Pool | Earliest form of horizontal integration | |
614003634 | Trust | Form of horizontal integration best manifested by Standard Oil | |
614003635 | Interlocking directorates | Morgan: eliminate wasteful opposition by consolidating rival enterprises | |
614003636 | Standard Oil Company | 1870: Ohio based company founded by Rockefeller- 1882 became a trust | |
614003637 | Social Darwinism | Individuals won stations in life based on talent: justified capitalism | |
614003638 | Horatio Algerism | Rags to Riches, American dream, social mobility | |
614003639 | Gospel of wealth | Rich have a duty to aid the poor: exemplified by Carnegie | |
614003640 | Sherman Anti-Trust Act | 1890 Act that banned ALL trusts | |
614003641 | National Labor Union | 1866 Organization that lasted 6 years and excluded Chinese and blacks, failed after wage reductions | |
614003642 | Knights of Labor | Semi-secret group led by Terence Powderly that was highly inclusive: it failed after the Haymarket Square rebellion of 1886, but was inherently flawed by its inclusion of skilled AND unskilled laborers | |
614003643 | Haymarket Square | Bombing of 1886 in Chicago that led to the association of labor unions with anarchy | |
614003644 | John P Altgeld | Democrat governor of Illinois who pardoned those anarchists associated with the Haymarket bombing | |
614003645 | American Federation of Labor | Group founded by Samuel Gompers that achieved some success | |
614003646 | Closed shop | Employer can only hire union members | |
614003647 | New Immigrants | Southeastern Europeans (Jews, Poles, Greeks, Italians) who came to America in the Gilded Age through Ellis Island | |
614003648 | Emma Lazarus | Wrote the footnote for the statue of the liberty: "Give me your tired, your poor; your huddle masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore" | |
614003649 | Settlement houses | Establishments that aided New Immigrants (perfected by Jane Addams at Hull House and Lillian Wald at Henry Street Settlement House) | |
614003650 | American Protective Association | Nativist organization | |
614003651 | Liberal protestants | Protestant who adapted to modern ideas, rejected biblical literalism and allied with social gospelism | |
614003652 | Booker T. Washington | Black man who pushed for equal schooling rights and economic prosperity for African Americans while acquiescing to social inferiority | |
614003653 | WEB DuBois | Man who founded the NAACP and attacked Washington for his acquiescent policies regarding African Americans' social status | |
614003654 | Land grant colleges | Colleges that were born from the Morrill Act of 1862 | |
614003655 | Hatch Act | 1887 Act that provided federal funds for agricultural stations at land-grant colleges | |
614003656 | Pragmatism | Philosophical movement that preached practicality | |
614003657 | Yellow journalism | Sensationalism, as practiced by Pulitzer and Hearst's New York newspapers | |
614003658 | National American Woman Suffrage Association | Led by Carrie Chapman Catt, who argued that women needed suffrage in order for them to lead the family and rear children properly | |
614003659 | WCTU | Temperance organization of women led by Frances Willard | |
614003660 | Carrie Nation | "Kansas Cyclone" who fought (quite literally) for temperance | |
614003661 | Realism | Literary movement that directly attacked romanticism | |
614003662 | Naturalism | Form of realism that attempted to apply science to human beings, somewhat like the Enlightenment | |
614003663 | Regionalism | Movement that demystified diversity of local ways and preserved it at the same time | |
614003664 | City Beautiful Movement | Movement to make cities appear methodical, often mimicking European cities such as Paris | |
614003665 | World's Columbian Exposition | Project led by Burnham that drew people from everywhere to Chicago | |
614003666 | Wild West shows | Shows such as the tales of Buffalo Bill Cody and Annie Oakley | |
614003667 | YMCA and YWCA | Groups formed initially as a form of religious instruction and social service |