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Biology Exam 3 Flashcards

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2478301005EcologyThe study of the density and distribution of organisms and the factors that cause changes in density distribution0
2478303884Why are some parts of the world warm and some cold?Energy either hits the earth at a right angle or oblique angle and spreads across the earth's surface1
2478306743Why do we have seasons?This is due to the the tilt of the earth and its rotation around the sun2
2478314170Primary factors controlling level of net primary production in terrestrial biomesTemperature and moisture, these determine how well plants will grow3
2478315668Primary factors controlling level of net primary production in aquatic biomesLight and nutrients, these determine how efficient photosynthesis is and what must be added for production to increase4
2478432807Limiting NutrientRelated to aquatic biomes, it is the elements that must be added for production to increase, usually nitrogen or phosphorus5
2478316784Primary producersThe trophic level that ultimately supports all others of autotrophs6
2478316785Primary ConsumersHerbivores that eat plants and other primary producers7
2478317968Secondary ConsumersCarnivores that eat herbivores8
2478319161Tertiary ConsumersCarnivores that eat herbivores and other carnivores9
2478320376Gross Primary ProductionAmount of solar radiation that hits a plant and enters the photosynthetic process; usually about 1% and goes toward maintenence of plant and creating new biomass10
2478322069Net Primary ProductionBiomass from plants that's consumed by primary consumers; about 40-60% of plant biomass and becomes feces or assimilated energy for maintenance of animal and new animal biomass11
2478325752AssimilationHow much energy an animal can take in depending on their diet, energy goes to maintenance of animal and production efficiency12
2478506900Production EffiencyPercentage of incoming energy that can be used for new biomass13
2478327287Why can GPP never equal NPPNPP is a percentage of GPP NPP=GPP-autotrophic respiration14
2478330363Why production efficiency of a consumer can never equal 100%Some energy must be used to maintain the animal, thy animal can't just keep growing and growing15
2478543096DecomposerAKA Detritivores; group of heterotrophs that get their energy from detritus16
2478585806Trophic EfficiencyThe percentage of production transferred from one trophic level to the next17
247859063910% RuleTrophic efficiency is usually 10%, so 90% of the energy from a trophic level is released to the environment from waste and respiration18
2478651491Traits all animals shareMulticellular, locomotion at some point in life, reproduce sexually, chemoheterotrophic, nerves and muscles, characteristic embryonic development that includes blastula and gastrula19
2478660167Diploblastic Animals20
2478660168Triploblastic Animals21
2478667672EctoermDevelops into epidermis22
2478669390EndodermDevelops into lining of digestive tract23
2478675239MesodermDevelops into muscles and most of the internal organs and also is the lining of the coelom24
2478676460Coelomate25
2478677345Pseudocoelomate26
2478678816Acoelomate27
2478681200Embryonic Development in Protostomes28
2478683212Embryonic Development in Deuterostomes29
2478685973Ecdysozoan30
2478690611Lophotrichozoan31
24786975884 Traits all Chordates shareDorsal hollow nerve cord, pharengeal gill slits, notocord, and post anal tail32
2478700775Advantages of a cranium and vertebral column33
2479688339AbioticNonliving factors like the chemical and physical attributes of the environment34
2479689693BioticLiving factors such as other organisms35
2479706505Photic ZoneThe upper area in water where there is sufficient light for phototsynthesis36
2479707293Aphotic ZoneThe lower area in water where little light penetrates and is not sufficient for photosynthesis37
2479714729Pelagic ZoneThe entire area in a body of water that light may or may not be able to penetrate38
2479794329HomosporyOne type of spore like in nonvascular and vascular plants39
2479800480HeterosporyTwo types of spores like in gymnosperms and angiosperms40
2479801529Adaptive RadiationUsually occurs after major extinction events or formation of new islands; rapid speciation as organisms adapt to fill unoccupied niches41
2479844227SporophyteDiploid, multicellular organism that makes spores in plants42
2479845568GametophyteAdult, haploid, multicellular organism in plants that makes gametes43
2479847902Alternation of generations44

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