Terms : Hide Images
| 2780732305 | consciousness | our awareness of ourselves and our environment. | 0 | |
| 2780732306 | cognitive neuroscience | the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language). | 1 | |
| 2780732307 | dual processing | the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks. | 2 | |
| 2780732308 | blindsight | a condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it. | 3 | |
| 2780732309 | selective attention | the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus. | 4 | |
| 2780732310 | inattentional blindness | failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere. | 5 | |
| 2780732311 | change blindness | failing to notice changes in the environment. | 6 | |
| 2780732312 | circadian rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle. | 7 | |
| 2780732313 | circadian rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle. | 8 | |
| 2780732314 | REM sleep | rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active. | 9 | |
| 2780732315 | alpha waves | the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. | 10 | |
| 2780732316 | sleep | periodic, natural loss of consciousness--as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. (Adapted from Dement, 1999.) | 11 | |
| 2780732317 | hallucinations | false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus. | 12 | |
| 2780732318 | delta waves | the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep. | 13 | |
| 2780732319 | suprachiasmatic nucleus | a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that responds to light-sensitive retinal proteins; causes pineal gland to increase or decrease production of melatonin, thus modifying our feelings of sleepiness. | 14 | |
| 2780732320 | insomnia | recurring problems in falling or staying asleep. | 15 | |
| 2780732321 | narcolepsy | a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. | 16 | |
| 2780732322 | sleep apnea | a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. | 17 | |
| 2780732323 | night terrors | a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered. | 18 | |
| 2780732324 | dream | a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it. | 19 | |
| 2780732325 | manifest content | according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content). | 20 | |
| 2780732326 | latent content | according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content). | 21 | |
| 2780732327 | REM rebound | the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep). | 22 | |
| 2780732328 | hypnosis | a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. | 23 | |
| 2780732329 | posthypnotic suggestion | a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors. | 24 | |
| 2780732330 | dissociation | a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others. | 25 | |
| 2780732331 | psychoactive drug | a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods. | 26 | |
| 2780732332 | tolerance | with repeated use, achieving the desired effect requires larger doses. | 27 | |
| 2780732333 | addiction | compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences. | 28 | |
| 2780732334 | withdrawal | the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug. | 29 | |
| 2780732335 | physical dependence | a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued. | 30 | |
| 2780732336 | psychological dependence | a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions. | 31 | |
| 2780732337 | depressants | drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. | 32 | |
| 2780732338 | alcohol dependence | (popularly known as alcoholism). Alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal if suspended, and a drive to continue use. | 33 | |
| 2780732339 | barbiturates | drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment. | 34 | |
| 2780732340 | opiates | opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety. | 35 | |
| 2780732341 | stimulants | drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, Ecstasy, and methamphetamine) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions. | 36 | |
| 2780732342 | amphetamines | drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes. | 37 | |
| 2780732343 | nicotine | a stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco. | 38 | |
| 2780732344 | methamphetamine | a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels. | 39 | |
| 2780732345 | Ecstasy (MDMA) | a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition. | 40 | |
| 2780732346 | hallucinogen | psychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. | 41 | |
| 2780732347 | LSD | a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide). | 42 | |
| 2780732348 | near-death experience | an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations. | 43 | |
| 2780732349 | THC | the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations. | 44 |
