Terms : Hide Images
| 5298380028 | Islam | Submission to the will of Allah //A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah)// law written in the Quran.// Followers are called Muslims.// |  | 0 |
| 5298380029 | Allah | Islamic god (only god) |  | 1 |
| 5298380030 | Muslim | follower of the Islamic religion.//strict monotheists |  | 2 |
| 5298380031 | Muhammad | Arab prophet// founder of religion of Islam// Gabriel conveyed the word of god in the form of the Koran// Born in A.D. 570 // Died in A.D. 632 |  | 3 |
| 5298380032 | Qur'an | The holy book containing Allah's revelations// // ca. 610 and his death in 632// the sacred text of the religion of Islam. |  | 4 |
| 5298380033 | bedouin | Arab nomads// camels// ruled by shaykhs |  | 5 |
| 5298380034 | shaykhs | leaders of the tribes and clans |  | 6 |
| 5298380035 | Mecca | holy city in western Arabia// birthplace of Muhammad// ritual center of the Islamic religion// Ka'ba |  | 7 |
| 5298380036 | Umayyad | (661-750) first ruling dynasty over the Muslim Caliphate// once persecuted muhammad |  | 8 |
| 5298380037 | Quraysh | Tribe of bedouins that controlled Mecca in 7th century BCE// contained the umayyads |  | 9 |
| 5298380038 | Ka'ba | one of the most revered religious shrines in pre-Islamic Arabia |  | 10 |
| 5298380039 | Medina | The city of the prophet (Muhammed) |  | 11 |
| 5298380040 | Khadijah | the widow of a wealthy merchant// wife of Muhammad// first to hear about relevations | 12 | |
| 5298380041 | Ali | Muhammad's son in law// caliph of shiite |  | 13 |
| 5298380042 | umma | the community of the faithful, transcended old tribal boundaries | 14 | |
| 5298380043 | zakat | Purification adn growth //a tax for charity |  | 15 |
| 5298380044 | five pillars | - Decleration of faith (shahada) - Mandatory prayer 5 times a day (salat) - Charitable donations; Almsgiving (zakat) - Fasting during Ramadan (Sawm) - Pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) //These must be performed to be considered an acceptable muslim | 16 | |
| 5298380045 | Ramadan | Holy month of fasting// period of self- purification// no eating from sunrise to sunset |  | 17 |
| 5298380046 | hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca// must be done at least once in a muslims lifetime// if done, hajj can be added to thier name | 18 | |
| 5298380047 | the caliph | the political and religious successor to Muhammad |  | 19 |
| 5298380048 | Abu Bakr | Muhammed's biffle //expands muslim faith//caliph from 632 to 634// |  | 20 |
| 5298380049 | Ridda Wars | Wars that followed Muhammad's death in 632//resulted in defeat of rival prophets and some of larger clans// restored unity of Islam and arabian tribes | 21 | |
| 5298380050 | jihads | to stuggle physically and mentally// war waged for Allah// primary duty of all muslims | 22 | |
| 5298380051 | Uthman | Third caliph and member of Umayyad clan// murdered by mutinous warriors returning from Egypt// death set off civil war in Islam between followers of Ali and the Umayyad clan | 23 | |
| 5298380052 | Battle of Siffin | Fought in 657 between forces of Ali and Umayyads// Ali almost won, but lostafter accpeting a plea for meditation// settled by negotiation that led to fragmentation of Ali's party | 24 | |
| 5298380053 | Mu'awiya | second caliph of Umayyad Dynasty, 660-680 | 25 | |
| 5298380054 | Sunnis | Political and theological division within Islam; supported the Umayyads |  | 26 |
| 5298380055 | Shi'a | a Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Muhammed// followers of his son-in-law Ali |  | 27 |
| 5298380056 | Karbala | site of the defeat and death of Husayn, the son of Ali (680) |  | 28 |
| 5298380057 | Damascus | the political center of community under the Umayyads// capitol |  | 29 |
| 5298380058 | mawali | Muslim converts | 30 | |
| 5298380059 | jizya | head tax |  | 31 |
| 5298380060 | dhimmi | "people of the book" |  | 32 |
| 5298380061 | hadiths | traditions of the prophet |  | 33 |
| 5298380062 | Abbasid party | party that traced its decent from Muhammad's uncle, al-Abbas// challengers of Umayyads | 34 | |
| 5298380063 | Battle on the River Zab | Victory of Abbasids over Umayyads// resulted in conquest of Syria and capture of Umayyad capital// slaughtered all umayyads// | 35 | |
| 5298380064 | Baghdad | Abbasid capital//Capital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq near ancient// Persian capital of Ctesiphon | 36 | |
| 5298380065 | wazir | chief administrator and head of the caliph's inner councils |  | 37 |
| 5298380066 | dhows | sailing vessels with lateen (triangular) sails// carried goods to be traded |  | 38 |
| 5298380067 | ayan | a wealthy and deeply entrenched landed elite// Abbasid// landlord | 39 | |
| 5298380068 | mosque | place of worship for muslims | 40 | |
| 5298380069 | hijra | Muhammad flees Mecca to Medina | 41 |
