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| 9012338096 | Manzikert | 0 | ||
| 9012338116 | Manors | Economic and social units of life in early Middle Ages | 1 | |
| 9012341183 | Three estates | Those who pray: clergy Those who fight: knights Those who work: peasants | 2 | |
| 9012344740 | Pilgrimage | A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes. | 3 | |
| 9012349586 | First crusades/Pope Urban | 1096-1099, more organized expedition Captures Jerusalem, largely due to poor Muslim organization Salah al-Din (Saladin) recaptures Jerusalem in 1187 | 4 | |
| 9012357406 | Holy Roman Empire | Kingdom originally made up of what is now Germany and Italy | 5 | |
| 9012365453 | Pope Gregory I | 6th century pope who introduced concept of Christendom: Europe as a kingdom united by Christianity | 6 | |
| 9012367394 | Chivalry | Code of conduct for nobles Sponsored by Church to minimize fighting among Christians | 7 | |
| 9012367395 | Gothic cathedrals | Medieval architecture of Catholic churches characterized by tall spires and flying buttresses | 8 | |
| 9012376659 | Bubonic plague | a deadly contagious disease caused by bacteria and spread by fleas | 9 | |
| 9012376660 | Serfs | an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate. | 10 | |
| 9012381004 | William Duke of Normandy | One of main invaders of his time. Conquers England after defeating Godwinsony | 11 | |
| 9012382993 | Guilds | Association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests | 12 | |
| 9012382994 | Leif Erikson | Established a settlement around 1000 in or near Newfoundland. First European to reach the New World | 13 | |
| 9012387248 | Iconoclasm | A belief that the practice of worshiping and honoring objects such as icons was sinful. | 14 | |
| 9012387249 | Vassals | lesser lords who pledged their service and loyalty to a greater lord -- in a military capacity | 15 | |
| 9012391304 | Hanseatic League | a commercial and defensive confederation of free cities in northern Germany and surrounding areas | 16 | |
| 9012393397 | Thomas Aquinas | Scholar who argued that the most basic religious truths could be proved by sound reasoning | 17 | |
| 9012395342 | Reconquista | The retaking of the Iberian Peninsula by Spanish forces from the Moors. It was completed in 1492. | 18 | |
| 9012400103 | Fourth Crusade | 1202-1204 | 19 | |
| 9012408417 | Compare and contrast the rise of the Byzantine and Holy Roman empires. | When Rome declined, the western half of the Empire formed the Byzantine Empire. The eastern half of became the Holy Roman Empire. | 20 | |
| 9012417586 | Compare and contrast the development of regional monarchies and states in France, England, Italy, and Iberia. | Europe had trouble developing new monarchies. The rest of the countries rules were harsh and a Machiavelli attitued that gained them respect. | 21 | |
| 9012428359 | Explain the growth of the postclassical European agricultural economy. | Western society had other common features in economic activity and social structure. | 22 | |
| 9012436974 | Identify the reason behind the revival of towns and trade across Europe and the Mediterranean. | Trade routes reopened by Western Europe and the East. | 23 | |
| 9012445781 | Explain the important features of postclassical European social change. | The postclassical West demonstrated great powers of innovation. | 24 | |
| 9012451238 | Outline the development of schools, universities, and scholastic theologies. | Cathedral schools had formal curricula. Student guilds and faculty guilds. | 25 | |
| 9012458205 | Explain key features of popular religion, reform movements, and popular heresies. | Religious beliefs that were in disagreement with an established Christian doctrine. | 26 | |
| 9012467861 | Compare and contrast European expansions during the middle ages. | 27 |
